Computer fundamentals

Computer Fundamentals

Muhammed Suhair [email protected]/suhairmutwitter.com/suhairmuin.linkedin.com.in/suhairmu+91-9497170861

Disclaimer: This presentation is prepared by trainees of baabtra.com as a part of mentoring program. This is not official document of baabtra.com – Mentoring Partner

Computer Fundamentals

• Input Devices.• Output devices.• Memory devices.• Pointing devices.• Hardware & Software.• Benefits of Computer.

Input Devices

In computing, an input device is any peripheral (piece of computer hardware equipment) used to provide data and control signals to an information processing system such as a computer or other information appliance. Examples of input devices include keyboards, mouse, scanners, digital cameras and joysticks, bar code reader.

Output devices

An output device is any piece of computer hardware equipment used to communicate the results of data processing carried out by an information processing system (such as a computer) which converts the electronically generated information into human-readable form. Some types of output are texts, graphics, audio, and video.Monitor, Speaker, Printer, Plotter are some of the examples for output devices.

Memory devices

A memory is just like a human brain. It is used to store data and instruction. Computer memory is the storage space in computer where data is to be processed and instructions required for processing are stored.Memory device are mainly classified into two. A primary storage device such as computer RAM and a secondary storage device such as a computer hard disk drive.

Primary storage is a storage location that holds memory for short periods of times while the computer is on. For example, computer RAM (random-access memory) and cache are both examples of a primary storage device. This type of storage is the fastest type of memory in your computer and is used to store data while it’s being used. For example, when you open a program data is moved from the secondary storage into the primary storage. It is also known as internal memory and main memory.

Secondary storage is a storage medium that holds information until it is deleted or overwritten regardless if the computer has power. For example, a compact disk drive and hard disk drive are both good examples of secondary storage devices.Offline storage medium is also known as secondary storages now a days.Such as Compact disks, Pen drives etc.

Pointing devices

A pointing device is an input interface (specifically a human interface device) that allows a user to input spatial (i.e., continuous and multi-dimensional) data to a computer. CAD (Computer Aided Systems) systems and graphical user interfaces (GUI) allow the user to control and provide data to the computer using physical gestures — point, click, and drag. A "rodent" is a technical term referring to a device which generates mouse-like input.

For example, by moving a hand-held mouse across the surface of the physical desktop and activating switches on the mouse. Movements of the pointing device are echoed on the screen by movements of the pointer(or cursor) and other visual changes.Mini mouse, Joystick, Pointing stick, Finger tracking are some of the examples for pointing devices.

Hardware & Software

Computer hardware is the collection of physical elements that constitutes a computer system. Computer hardware refers to the physical parts or components of a computer such as the monitor, mouse, keyboard, computer data storage, hard drive disk (HDD), system unit (graphic cards, sound cards, memory, motherboard and chips), etc. all of which are physical objects that can be touched.

Computer software, or simply software, also known as computer programs, is the non-tangible component of computers. It represents the set of programs that govern the operation of a computer system and make the hardware run. Computer software contrasts with computer hardware, which is the physical component of computers. Computer hardware and software require each other and neither can be realistically used without the other.

Benefits of ComputerThe benefits are easier research, better gaming, it's easier to communicate with, it makes business better, it makes it easier to shop, etc. The computer is a computing machine, it offers all benefits of a good well calibrated machine. A computer can repetitively compute without making mistakes (accuracy). A computer is not biased. A computer is quicker in doing assigned tasks since it takes help of Integrated Circuits to process.

It is very important that a given problem is expressed in computer terminology first, exhaustively and accurately, to avail benefits of computers.The benefit of using a computer is that it can easily store data to be retrieved and copied or used elsewhere. It is also more accurate and calculates much faster than individuals. Computers are also used in almost all industries in the world today for various processes.

Thank You

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