Computer-Based Modeling for Design and Analysis with MSC.PATRAN.pdf

LESSON 1

Getting Started

Objectives:In this exercise you will perform the following tasks.

■ Access MSC⁄PATRAN and run a Session File.

■ Move, resize and iconify windows and forms.

■ Become familiar with Screen Picking.

■ Become familiar with the on-line help utility.

PATRAN301ExerciseWorkbook-Release7.51-1

1-2 PATRAN301ExerciseWorkbook-Release7.5

LESSON 1 Getting Started

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Model Description:In this exercise you will access MSC⁄PATRAN, create an MSC⁄PATRANdatabase, and run a prepared Session file. The Session file will create aMSC⁄PATRAN model that you will use throughout this exercise. Next youwill practice moving, resizing and iconifying the graphic viewport andmenu forms. You will also learn to use the on-line help utility.

Since the emphasis of this first exercise is learning the fundamentals oMSC⁄PATRAN, small discussions will be interspersed throughout thelesson to describe the general format and operation of MSC⁄PATRAN.

Exercise Procedure:

1. In your xterm window typep3.

You should see various status messages being printed in the xterm windowAfter a short time the following MSC⁄PATRAN menus will appear.

TheMain Form,

Initially all selections within theMain Form are ghosted except theFileselection. Typically when an option does not pertain to the task you areperforming, MSC⁄PATRAN ghosts that selection, to make it easier for youto choose the viable options. For example, move the mouse cursor to thFile selection in theMain Form and click the left mouse button. In the pull-down menu that appears only the operations that pertain to themanipulating databases are active, since the first thing you must do whestarting MSC⁄PATRAN is access a database.

Open a new database namedexercise_1.db.

File/New...

New Database Name exercise_1

AccesPATR

PATRAN

$# Session file patran.ses.01 started recording at 25-Dec-95 03:38:15$# Recorded by MSC/PATRAN Release 7.5 12/25/95 03:36:58 PM$# NetLS Initialization complete. Acquiring license(s)...

◆Geometry ◆FEM ◆LBCs ◆Materials ◆Properties ◆Load Cases ◆Fields ◆Analysis ◆Results ◆Insight ◆XY Plo t

File Group Viewport Viewing Display Preferences Tools Insight Control

History Window

Help

PATRAN301ExerciseWorkbook-Release7.5 1-3

Playing aSession File

Changingthe Filter

In a short time you should see your graphics viewport open.

The New Model Preferencesform will also appear when a newdatabase is opened. The Tolerance section of the form allows you toselect how MSC/PATRAN will decide when two points arecoincident.

TheToleranceselection,Based on Model, calculates the tolerance as0.05% of the inputApproximate Maximum Model Dimension.TheTolerance selection,Default, uses the default 0.005 global modeltolerance. Select theDefault Tolerance. The form also allows you toselect theAnalysis CodeandAnalysis Typepreferences which affectthe formatting of various forms throughout your modeling session. Donot change the defaultMSC/NASTRAN andStructural settings.

You are now going to play a session file which containsMSC⁄PATRAN commands. The commands will create the model thatwill be used in this exercise.

Notice theFilter databox.

It contains*.ses*. Only file names containing that string will appear inthe Session File List. The ‘*’s are wild-cards and represent anycombination of characters.

Change the filter to make it more specific. Change*.ses* to ex*.ses*by positioning the mouse cursor after the last forward slash, clickingthe left mouse button, and typing the change.

OK

New Model Preference

Tolerance Default

Analysis Code: MSC/NASTRAN

Analysis Type Structural

OK

File/Session/Play...

Filter /*.ses*

Filter /ex*.ses*

Filter



e

e PATRANartbeat

Now all the files in your directory that start with ‘ex’ and contain ‘.ses’are available in theSession File List selection box.

To set up the display turn on the display lines and entity labels byselecting these two icons from the tool bar

Note: Display lines are used only to help visualize the geometry andthe labels are the ID numbers of the geometry. They are placed at thentities centroid.

A Session Fileis a recording of all the commands used during onemodeling session. There is actually aSession Filerecording yourMSC⁄PATRAN commands right now.

When you play aSession File, you play, or re-enter, all the commandsthat are stored in theSession File.The MSC/PATRAN commandsappear in theHistory Window as they are read from the file.

While theSession Fileis running let’s discuss the system icons at thetop on the Main Form. Notice the MSC⁄PATRANHeartbeat icon.

The heartbeat changes colors to inform the user of MSC⁄PATRAN’sstatus.

If the heartbeat isgreen, MSC⁄PATRAN is waiting for you to enter acommand.

Session File List exercise_1.ses

Apply

ThHeHeartbeat


Refresh,Undo andDisplayCleanup

If the heartbeat isblue, MSC⁄PATRAN is busy with an operation, butit can be interrupted by clicking on the MSC⁄PATRANHand. Theoperation of theHand is similar to “control” C (interrupt task).

If the heartbeat isred, MSC/PATRAN is busy with an operation andcannot be interrupted. Typing or mouse selections at this time will beignored.

There are four more buttons in the upper right hand cornerMain Form.

The paint brush is theRefresh Graphicsbutton which repaints themodel. After you delete something from the window, or pull menusover the window, the model might need repainting. If it does, press theRefresh icon.

The pencil eraser is theUndo button and can be used to undo mostcommands. Only the previous operation can be undone by the Undobutton.

The push broom is theReset Graphicsbutton which removes allfringe and marker plots, all automatic titles, highlighting anddeformed shape plots. The viewport will be repainted in wireframemode. This button works on all posted viewports in Entity Mode butonly on the groups posted in the current viewport in Group mode.Repaint button resets your graphics to the default.

When multiple windows are on display, to bring the MSC/PATRANmain display to the top, thePush Window icon is used.

Hand



.

oving,sizing andnifying

The model should now be created and look like the one shown below

2. You are now going to practice moving, resizing, andiconifying the graphics viewport and MSC/PATRANforms.

First, place the mouse cursor in the graphics viewport’s title bar, holddown the left mouse button, and drag the window down the screen.

An outline of the window will appear as you move the mouse.

Release the mouse button and the window will be rerendered in thenew location.

3. To resize the viewport vertically place the cursor over theborder at the bottom of the viewport. The pointer will thenchange to a vertical arrow.

Hold down the left mouse button and drag the pointer down. Anoutline of the viewport will be displayed as you move the mouse.

Mreico


.

IconifyingWindows

Release the mouse button and the viewport will be rerendered.

4. To resize the viewport horizontally place the cursor overthe border at the right of the viewport. The pointer willchange to a horizontal arrow. Hold down the left mousebutton and drag the pointer to the right.

As you move the mouse an outline will appear as the view is updated

Release the mouse button to rerender the viewport.

5. To resize the height and width of the viewportsimultaneously place the mouse cursor on the lower rightcorner of the viewport border. The cursor changes to thearrow shown below.

Hold the left mouse button down and drag the pointer down and to theright. Release the button to rerender the window.

6. Click on theIconify button in the upper right corner of theMain Form.

The window will close and an icon will appear.



TRAN-line helpstem

Double click on the icon and the window will reopen.

7. You will now practice erasing, not deleting, parts of yourMSC⁄PATRAN model. The purpose of this step is to usethe on-line help system to obtain information pertaining toa MSC⁄PATRAN function that you have not previouslyused.

You should now see the following two forms.

To obtain help on the use of thePlot/Eraseform place the mousecursor in the form and type theF1-key (Help-key at some sites). Readthe help page for thePlot/Eraseform to familiarize yourself with thefunction of each box and button on the form. Next, do the same for theSelect Menu. By reading the first few help pages pertaining to bothforms you now know that theSelect Menu allows you to filter the

Display/Plot/Erase...

PAonsy

Selected Entities databox.

Filter Buttons

Plot/Erase

Selected Entities

Erase Plot

Plot All Entities

Erase All Entities

Plot All Posted Geometry

Erase All Geometry

Plot All Posted FEM

Erase All FEM

OK

Coord. Frames...


l

MultiplePicking

entity types you can pick with the mouse, and that there are severaselection methods that allow you to singly or multiply select the entitytypes from your model. You are now going to try a subset of theselection methods. Click onDone in theHelp Pagesto remove themfrom the screen. By pointing to individual icons in theSelect Menu,keywords will display explaining the function of the icon.

There are three methods that can be used to select multipleMSC⁄PATRAN entities. They are the shift-click, click-drag, andpolygon-pick.

Make sure you understand the picking settings before you do thefollowing steps.

Move the mouse cursor inside theSelected Entitiesbox in thePlot/Erase form and click the left mouse button. To make the selectionprocess easier, click on theGeometric Entity icon in the Select

Preferences/Picking...

Rectangle/Polygon Picking Enclose Centroid

Close



)

Menu. The Select Menu will reformat showing specific geometricentities. Click on the icon which allows selection of only the solidentities. The two filter selections are shown in the figures below.

Holding the Shift-key down, mouse select (by clicking the left mousebutton when the mouse cursor is located at the centroid of the entitiessolids 1 and 19 on the top of the model. Use the figure below to helpyou identify the two solids. The picture below has entity labels turned

First Click Here

Then Click Here


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on. If you haveLabel Highlighting turned on underPreferences/Picking, the preselection will also display the entity labels as themouse passes over it.

Refer to thePicking... option underPreferencesto check the settingfor theEntity Picking . For a curve, surface, or solid, you should clickon their identification number which is located at their centroid. If youaccidently select the wrong solid, you can deselect it by moving themouse cursor to the center of that solid and clicking the right mousebutton (unshifted) as shown below.

To erase selected entities click on theErasebutton, and to replot themclick on thePlot button.

Another way to select the entities is to use a mouse defined rectanglto enclose the entities you wish to identify. To perform this method ofselection (click-drag method) first position the mouse cursor at one ofthe corners of the rectangle you wish to create. Hold down the left

First click hereThen Shift-click here



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mouse button and drag the mouse cursor to the rectangle’s oppositdiagonal corner. Make sure that theRectangle/Polygonpicking is setto Enclosed Centroid. The figure below shows that the rectangle mustinclude the labels of the entities that you wish to select. Remember touse theSelect Menu filter for solid entities or else you will select allentities within the rectangle.

Before you erase the solids try editing the contents of theSelectedEntities databox in thePlot/Erase form.

If you want to change only a few characters in the listbox place themouse cursor to the right of the character, double-click the left mousebutton, delete the character, and then type in your modification. Toerase the total contents of the databox first triple click in the box tohighlight all the text and then type in the new entity names. Try bothof these editing techniques. Before you try the next selection methodclick on thePlot All Entities button to replot the total model.

The final selection technique that you will try is the polygon-pickmethod. This method is used when the entities that you wish to seleccannot be selected by a rectangle. Use this method to erase Solids

Click hereand drag it to here.


ExitMSC⁄PATRAN

2, 3, 20, and 21. The figure below shows a sample polygon picksurrounding these solids. To use polygon picking, click on thepolygon icon in the toolbar.

Then with the left mouse button screen select the vertices of thepolygon. Double click the left mouse button to close the polygon

To close thePlot/Erase form press the OK button

8. The final step of this exercise is to stop MSC⁄PATRAN.

Your file is automatically saved for you in PATRAN

You should now be back in your X-window environment. Typels tolist your directory. Your directory should now contain the followingfiles:

■ exercise1.db The database you just created.

■ exercise1.db_m Marker file (if nfs access is on).

File/Quit

First click here

Second click here

Third click here

Fourth click here

Fifth click here

Close the polygon bypicking the initialpoint



■ patran.ses.01 MSCPATRAN session file that contains theMSC/PATRAN commands you performedin this modeling session. There is anindividual session file per modelingsession.

■ exercise_1.db.jou Similar to the session file this journal filecontains all the MSC/PATRAN commandsyou performed in all modeling sessions fora specific database.



Importing Geometryfrom an IGES file

LESSON 2

Objectives:

■ Import geometry from an IGES file.

■ Create a solid from curves and surfaces.

■ Tet mesh the solid.

PATRAN 301 Exercise Workbook - Release 7.52-1

2-2 PATRAN 301 Exercise Workbook - Release 7.5

LESSON 2 Importing Geometry from an IGES file

Model Description:In this exercise you will first create a new database and then importCAD geometry. The CAD geometry, which is in an IGES format,consists of several trimmed and simple surfaces. Note that the file youimport is actually a one-quarter model of the object. By takingadvantage of the symmetry of the model, the analysis is simplified.Once this IGES file is imported, you will create several new surfacesto complete the model. Then you will create a b-rep solid and tet meshit.

Shown below is a drawing of the model you will be building andsuggested steps for its construction.

X

Y

Z

X

Y

Z

Surface 19

Surface 20

Surface 21

Curve 1

Surface 18


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Open a NewDatabase

Suggested Exercise Steps:

■ Create a new database and name itgadget.db .

■ Set new model preference tolerance to Based on Model with anApproximate Maximum Model Dimension of 70. Set the analyscode to MSC/NASTRAN.

■ Import the IGES fileGadget.igs .

■ Using the Viewing/Named View Option and Viewing/Transformations, change the orientation of the model to bettervisualize it in 3D space.

■ Set MSC/PATRAN Display Lines to zero.

■ Turn off all of the ID labels.

■ Verify the boundaries using Geometry/Verify/Surface/Boundarie

■ Create Surfaces 18, 19, 20 and 21 using Create/Surface/Curve.previous figure for the locations of the surface edges to use as curves.

■ Create Curve 1, using Autochain. See the previous figure.

■ Create Surface 21 using Create/Surface/Trimmed.

■ Show surface normals using Show/Surface/Attributes and edit thusing Edit/Surface/Reverse so that all are pointing out from thevolume.

■ Create Solid 1 using Create/Solid/B-rep.

■ Mesh the solid with a tet mesh, using Finite Elements/Create/MeSolid. Use a Global Edge Length of 10 and the TetMesh meshe

Exercise Procedure:

1. Create a new database and call itgadget . Set thegeometric tolerance toBased on Model. TheApproximateMaximum Model Dimensionis 70. Choose MSC/NASTRAN as theAnalysis CodeandStructural as theAnalysis Type.

File/New...

New Database Name: gadget

OK



port anES file

iewing/amedViewption

In theNew Model Preference form set the following:

2. Import the IGES fileGadget.igs .

Click OK on theIGES Import Summary form when you are finishedreviewing it.

If the model is not visible, hold down the middle mouse button andmove the mouse slightly. The model should appear in yourviewscreen.

3. Use theViewing/Named View Options command tochange the display to the front view.

Or click on theFront_Viewicon in the toolbar

Tolerance: Based on Model

Approximate MaximumModel Dimension:

70


Analysis Type: Structural

OK

File/Import...

Object: Model

Source: IGES

Import File: Gadget.igs

Apply

Viewing/Named View Options...

Select Named View: Default_View

Close

ImIG

VNO


s

s

Now rotate the model -150 degrees about the x-axis and -60 degreeabout the y-axis. After activating theTransformation form, click theicons corresponding to the desired transformation. Unless the optionare changed, each click rotates the model 30 degrees.

This view provides a clear view of the surfaces you will be workingwith. Save this view usingViewing/Named View Options.

Viewing/Transformations...

OK


Create View...

Create View: my_view

Apply

Close

Rotation about global Y axis.

Rotation about global X axis.

Click twice.

Click five times.

ga_view_sr_set(30.,0,0)

$# Created view “my_view”.ga_view_create(“my_view”,”default_viewport”)



eckissingrface

The model should now look like the one below:

4. Check for any missing surface on the solid model.

Display/Entity Color/Label/Render...

Render Styles: Shaded/Smooth

Apply

X

Y

Z

X

Y

Z

ChMSu


e
By changing the model into a shaded image, you should be able to sethe following missing surfaces:
Change the model back toWireframe .

Render Styles: Wireframe

Apply

Cancel

missing surfaces

missing surfaces

sys_poll_option(0)renderstyle(“Shaded/Smooth”)sys_poll_option(2)



eu

rifyrfaceundaries

om ining Selectrners

5. Next check that the solid model is composed completelyof bounded surfaces.

Select the entire model by clicking near the top left corner of themodel. While holding the left button down, move it to the lower rightcorner. It will draw a rectangle around your model. When you releasethe button the entire model will turn orange.

The following will be written to the history box.

The markers show surface edges shared only by one surface(freedges). Therefore they outline surfaces that need to be created. Yowill now create four new surfaces using two different techniques.

6. To better work with the area needed, zoom in on the righthalf of the model.

Also, you can click on theSelect Cornersicon in the toolbar.

Geometry

Action: Verify

Object: Surface

Method: Boundary

Surface List: Surface 1:17

Apply

Viewing/ Select Corners

VeSuBo

$# Warning reported from application SGM

sgm_incongruent_geom_display()$# Free edges and/or non-manifold edges exist. Free edges may be due to edges not matc

ZousCo


A cross-shaped icon will now appear. Put it near the upper left cornerand click the left mouse button. Hold the button down and slide thecursor to about the lower middle of the model. This rectangle definesthe area to be zoomed into.

Your viewport should appear as follows

X

Y

Z

X

Y

Z

X

Y

Z

X

Y

Z



eaterface-rve

ethod

7. Create a new surface. This surface is defined by 2 curvesthat are edges of other surfaces.

Select the icon shown below from the Select Menu. To screen pick thesurface edges, first click on theCurve Listinput box, then click on thecenter of the surface edge.

Geometry

Action:

Object:

Method:

Option:

Starting Curve List: Surface 9.1

Ending Curve List: Surface 10.1

CrSuCuMCreate

Surface

Curve

2 Curve


Note: The format for surface edges isi.j, wherei is the surface ID andj is the edge number.

If the Auto-Execute toggle is activated, the surface will formautomatically. If it is not, you need to click onApply.

Repeat this procedure to form surface 19.



Apply

X

Y

Z

X

Y

Z

Surface 9.1

Surface 10.1

STRING sgm_surface_2curve_created_ids[VIRTUAL]

$# 1 Surface Created: Surface 18sgm_const_surface_2curve(“18”,”Surface 10.1”,”Surface 9.1”,sgm_surface_2curve_created



ewing/lectrnerstion

8. Change the view to facilitate easier construction of thenext two surfaces.

Or click on these two icons in the toolbar.

Zoom in on the area shown below by clicking the left mouse button inthe upper left corner of the area you wish to enlarge, holding it down,and dragging it to the lower right corner.

Viewing/Fit View...

Viewing/Select Corners...

X

Y

Z

X

Y

Z

Surface 2.3

Surface 9.3

ViSeCoop

Fit View Select Corners

$# 1 Surface Created: Surface 19

ga_view_zoom_set(24.456253)ga_view_center_set(45.234890, 40.763927)


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CreateSurface-CurveMethod

CreateCurve- ChainMethod

9. Now create Surface 20 by selecting the edges highlightedin the previous figure.

10. Again we have to change the view to facilitateconstruction in the next step. UseViewing/Fit View, thenViewing/Select Cornersas in the previous step to zoomin on the area shown below.

Create one curve from six surface edges usingAutochain. Begin thecurve with Surface 1.6, shown in the next figure, and proceed counterclockwise.

Geometry

Action:

Object:

Method:

Option:



Geometry

X

Y

Z

X

Y

Z

Surface 1.8

Surface 12.3

Create

Surface

Curve

2 Curve



nt
Once you have selected the starting curve, Patran selects an adjacecurve and marks it with a purple dot in the center of the curve. If thatis the next curve in the desired chain, selectOK . If it is not, selectNext until the desired curve or surface edge is selected. Make sure theAuto Execute button is off.
Action:

Object:

Method:

Auto Chain...

Select a Start Curve: Surface 1.6

Apply

Next

Create

Curve

Chain

Surface 1.6

X

Y

Z

X

Y

Z


l

CreateTrimmedSurface

A chain is automatically created when a closed loop is formed.

11. The next surface to be created is outlined by the curve justdrawn.

Screen pick the curve just created. You may need to turn on the labefor the curves.

Choose Curve to Continue: Surface 16.4

OK


OK

Next


OK

Next


OK


OK

Cancel

Geometry

Action:

Object:

Method:

Option:


Curve Label

sgm_create_curve_chain_v1(“1”,”Surface 1.6 Surface 16.4 Surface 13.1 Surface 6.2 Surfac

$# No Geometry Deleted.$# 1 Curve Created: Curve 1

Create

Surface

Trimmed

Planar



rifyrfaceundaries

In the Geometry form, to screen pick the curve, point to theidentification number. Alternatively, you could type inCurve 1 in thedata box. If you choose to screen pick the curve, make sure the curveicon in the select menu is selected.

Respond with affirmative to delete the original curves.

12. Check again that the solid model is completely boundedby surfaces.

UseViewing/Fit View to show the entire model. Click in theSurfaceList data box. Select the entire model by clicking near the top leftcorner of the model. While holding the left button down, move it to thelower right corner. It will draw a rectangle around your model. Whenyou release the bottom, the entire model will turn orange.

Apply

Cancel

Outer Loop List: Curve 1

Apply

Geometry

Action:

Object:

Method:


Apply

$# Do you wish to delete the original curves?

$# 1 Curve Deleted: Curve 1$? YES

VeSuBo

Verify

Surface

Boundary


,

e

Create B-repsolid

TetMesh theSolid

This time you should see no markers on the surface edges. Thereforethe surfaces represent all the faces of the enclosed volume.

13. We have verified that all the surfaces fully enclose avolume. Now create a B-rep solid.

A B-Rep Solid is a Patran solid that stands forBoundaryRepresentation. When a group of surfaces creates a completelyenclosed volume and there are no free edges(cracks between thsurfaces) Patran can build the B-Rep.

After clicking in theSurface Listdatabox select theSurface icon andscreen select the entire model.

If Auto Execute is on, the solid will be created automatically.

14. Mesh the solid with a tet mesh.

Geometry

Action:

Object:

Method:


Finite Elements

Action:

gu_fit_view()

$# There are no free surface edges.sgm_verify_surface_boundary(“Surf 1:21”,0.039999999, 1)

Create

Solid

B-rep

STRING sgm_create_solid_br_created_ids[VIRTUAL]

$# 1 Solid Created: Solid 1sgm_construct_solid_brep(“1”, “Surface 1:21 “, FALSE, sgm_create_solid_br_created_ids)

Create



osetabase

Click in the Input Listdatabox then theSolid icon in the select menuand screen select the entire model.

15. Close database and quit MSC/PATRAN to complete thisexercise.

Object:

Type:

Global Edge Length:

Mesher:

Input List: Solid 1

Apply

File/Quit

Mesh

Solid

10

TetMesh

$# 259 nodes and 813 elements created for Solid 1.

$# === 813 elements created. IDs = 1:813.$# === 259 nodes created. IDs = 1:259.

ClDa



Geometry Model of aConnecting Rod

LESSON 3

Objectives:

■ Import geometry from an IGES file.

■ Create geometry in MSC/PATRAN (Phase I).

PATRAN 301 Exercise Workbook - Release 7.5 3-1


LESSON 3 Geometry Model of a Connecting Rod

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aveng

Model Description:In this exercise you will create a geometry model of a connecting rod.It will consist of surface entities. First you will import an IGES file.The file contains a surface and curves. The curves will be used todefine a trimmed surface in MSC/PATRAN.


■ Create a new database and name itcon_rod.db . Theapproximate maximum dimension for this model is 3 unitUse MSC/NASTRAN as the analysis code.

■ Import the IGES file namedcon_rod.igs . Turn off allentity labels except curves.

■ Chain together the outer curves in the model to create acontinuous loop.

■ Create a second single curve by chaining together the edof the interior surface

■ Create a trimmed surface using the chained curves you hcreated and the circular “hole” at the top of the connectirod.


Exercise Procedure:1. Create a new database and name itcon_rod.db . The

approximate maximum dimension for this model is 3units. Use MSC/NASTRAN as the analysis code.

2. Import the IGES filecon_rod.igs . Turn off all entitylabels except curves.

Due to the nature of the contents of the IGES file, MSC⁄PATRAN willquery as to what it should do when it finds duplicate curves. Click onNo For All when promptedDo you wish to create a Duplicate Curve?

The responseNo would continue to prompt you for each duplicatecurve found.No For All suppresses any further prompts on this topicand tells MSC/PATRAN not to create any duplicate curves.

The IGES Import Summary will appear when MSC⁄PATRAN hascompleted the importation procedure. Review this information, thenclick on theOK button to close the form.

File/New Database...

New Database Name con_rod

OK


Tolerance Based on Model

Maximum Model Dimension 3



OK

File/Import

Object: Model

Source: IGES

IGES Files con_rod.igs

Apply



ControllingID Labels

After importing the file, turn on curve label by selecting theLabelControl icon from the toolbar.

The Label Control Panelwill appear and you will select theCurveicon.

Also, turn ondisplay lines by selecting this icon

from the toolbar.

Your viewport should appear as follows:

3. Chain together the outer curves in the model to create acontinuous loop.

Geometry

Action: Create

X

Y

Z

1

2 3

4

5

6 7

8

910

11

12

13

14 15

16 1718

19 20

Display lines are usedto help you visualize

the surface


We will useAuto Chain to create the inner and outer boundaries ofthe trimmed surface. TheAuto Chain form is activated by pressing onthe corresponding button.

RespondYes when prompted for deletion of the original curves.

Click on the repaint icon in theMain Form.

4. Create a second single curve by chaining together theedges of the interior surface.

Change theSelect Menu icon to indicate that you will be selectingedges as opposed to curves.

Object: Curve

Method: Chain

Auto Chain...

Select a Start Curve Curve 9

Apply

Action: Create

Object: Curve

Method: Chain

Curve List

Chain togetherthe 6 edges ofthis surface

1 4

5

6 7

1114 15

16 1718

19 20



Click and drag a rectangle surrounding the magenta surface.

RespondYes when prompted for deletion of the original curves.

Click on the repaint icon.

Your model should appear as follows:

5. Create a trimmed surface using the chained curves youhave created and the circular “hole” at the top of theconnecting rod.

Apply

Action: Create

Object: Surface

Method: Trimmed

Option: Planar

X

Y

Z

8

22

21


Use multiple picking (Shift + left mouse button) to add Curve 22 to thelist. Shift click on the centroid ofCurve 22 . If the desired entity wasnot picked, use cycle picking: keep the cursor over the centroid ofCurve 22 and use Shift-Right Mouse Button until the databoxindicates Curve 22.

Notice on the above form that there are two toggle switches fordeleting loops: one for the outer loop, and one for the inner loop.Therefore MSC/PATRAN will prompt you twice askingDo you wishto delete the original curves?

AnswerYes both times.

Your model will appear as follows:

To complete this exercise, close the database.

Outer Loop List Curve 21

Inner Loop List Curve 8 22

Apply

File/Quit

X

Y

Z


LESSON 4

Geometry Model of a3-D Clevis

X

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1

T

RZ

X

Y

Z

Objectives:

■ Create a new database.

■ Create geometry.

■ Change the graphics display.



LESSON 4 Geometry Model of a 3-D Clevis

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l’s

rds

Model Description:In this exercise you will create an analytic solid model of a clevis bydefining MSC⁄PATRAN points, curves, surfaces, solids, and a userdefined coordinate system. Throughout this exercise you will becomemore familiar with the use of the MSC⁄PATRAN select menu. You willalso be introduced to another viewing method and shown how tochange your model’s render style. Shown below is a drawing of themodel you will build and suggested steps for its construction.


■ Create a new database and name itClevis.db .

■ Set geometry preference to PATRAN 2 convention.

■ Create a surface model of the top half of the clevis as shoin the front view above. Place the center of the hole at[0,0,0].

■ Create solids that represent the first third of the solid modetotal width.

■ Use theViewing/Transformations… option to change themodel’s current view to an isometric view.

■ Create the bottom half of your model by mirroring all of thesolids about the y-axis mirror plane located at y=0.

■ Create the remaining solids that represent the last two thiof your model in the width direction (z-direction).

■ Turn all the entity labels off and render your model in ahidden line render style.

Suggested surface boundaries

1/43/4

2 Dia 2 Radius

8

x

y

4


d

Open a NewDatabase

CreatePoints UsingXYZ Method

Exercise Procedure:1. Open a new database and name itclevis.db .

2. Change the geometric preference to PATRAN 2convention.

ThePATRAN 2 Convention convention represents a special class ofparameterized geometry known as parametric cubic. This optionallows the user to create geometry that can be exported and importeinto PATRAN 3 through the PATRAN 2 neutral files and IGES files.

3. Create a point on the inner radius of the hole in the clevis.

Click on theGeometryswitch in theMain Form.


New Database Name clevis

OK


Tolerance Default

OK

Preferences/Geometry...

Geometric Representation Patran 2 Convention

Solid Origin Location P3/PATRAN Convention

Apply

Cancel

Geometry

Action: Create

Object: Point

Method: XYZ

Point Coordinates List [1, 0, 0]

Apply



eating arve Using

e Revolveethod

In case you want to see the newly created point a little better, simplyincrease the point size through theDisplay/Geometry menu:

Also turn on theEntity Labels.

4. Use the point you just created to sweep 4 curves that willdefine the upper half of the radius of the hole in the clevis.

If the Auto Execute button is on you do not need to pressApply

Display/Geometry...

Point Size: 5

Apply

Cancel


Show All Entity Labels

Apply

Cancel

Action: Create

Object: Curve

Method: Revolve

Total Angle 180

Curves per Point 4

Point List Point 1

Apply

CrCuthM


TranslationusingCurvilinearTransformatio

Create aCylindricalCoordinateSystem

Transform aCurve byTranslation

Curves 1 through 4 can now be seen in the Viewport.

5. You will now use Curvilinear Transformation to create theouter radius of the lug by radially translating the curvesthat define a quarter of the hole.

To accomplish this you will first need to create a cylindrical coordinateframe located at the center of the hole.

This process was rather simple, since the origin, Z-axis, and XZ planeof the desired coordinate system were already defined by default onthe form.

Action: Create

Object: Coord

Method: 3Point

Type Cylindrical

Apply

Action: Transform

Object: Curve

Method: Translate

Type of Transformation Curvilinear in Refer.CF

X

Y

Z

1

2

3

4

5

1

23

4

X

Y

Z

n



eate arface

Curves 5 and 6 appear in the viewport.

6. You have now created all the curves that you will need tocomplete your clevis model. Next, you will create thenecessary surfaces for the model. You will start bycreating a 4x2 Surface that defines part of the upper half ofthe clevis body.

Refer. Coordinate Frame Coord 1

Translation Vector <1, 0, 0>

Curve List Curve 1 2

Apply

Action: Create

Object: Surface

Method: XYZ

Vector Coordinate List <-4, 2, 0>

X

Y

Z

1

2

3

4

5 6

7

8

1

23

4

5

6

1 R

T

Z

X

Y

Z

CrSu


w

Create aSurface usinthe CurveMethod

Turn display lines on:

7. The next series of Surfaces will be created using the CurveMethod. This is very similar to the 2L option of PATRAN2.5, but has been expanded to allow more flexibility. Wewill see why it is now called theCurveMethod and not theLine Method.

Let’s start on familiar ground: a surface between 2 Lines.

In most MSC⁄PATRAN forms the default setting for theAuto Executebutton is on. If the form executes before you have entered all the datacorrectly, the undo button will undo what you have just created. Turnoff theAuto Execute button and redo your selection.

If the Auto Executeswitch is off and the curves have been selected,hit:

To create the next surface you will use theSelect Menu to help youdefine an existing curve and surface edge as the boundaries of the nesurface.

Next, click in theEnding Curve Listdatabox, and then select theSurface Edge icon on the select menu.

Origin Coordinate List [-2, 0, 0]

Apply

Action: Create

Object: Surface

Method: Curve

Option 2 Curve

Starting Curves List Curve 1, 2

Ending Curve List Curve 5, 6

Apply

Starting Curves List Curve 4

g



In the viewport, pick the edge ofSurface 1 as shown in the figurebelow.

If the Auto Executeswitch is off, click on theApply button to createthe surface.Surface 4 appears in the Viewport.

To create the final surface, you will utilize theSelect Menu to definethe ending curve as a line between two defined Points.

Change theStarting Curve Listto Curve 3 . Remember to select thecurve icon from theSelect Menu before you selectCurve 3.

Click in theEnding Curve Listdatabox. Select the 2-point icon in theSelect Menu.

Starting Curves List Curve 3

Pick Here

2-point icon


View using TransformaOption

In the viewport, pick Points 8 and10 as shown below.

Patran will evaluate the location ofPoints 8 and 10 and create atheoretical curve between them. This defines the second curve. Clickon:

Surface 5 appears in the Viewport.

8. You will now use the Surfaces you have just created aspatterns to define solids (3-dimensional entities).

Solids 1 through5 will appear in your Viewport.

9. To obtain a more descriptive view of the solids you willnow change the model’s view by using the new interfaceto the Transformations View option.

Apply

Action: Create

Object: Solid

Method: Normal

Thickness 0.25

Surface List Select all on Screen

Apply

Point 8

Point 10

thetion



Click on Viewing in theMain Form and selectTransformations…from the pull-down menu. The following form appears.

Click once on

and once on

to rotate the view 30o about the screens y-axis and 30o about thescreens x-axis respectively. Your model should now be orientedsimilar to the one shown below (the picture below has display lineson). Click on theOK button to close theTransformation form.

TransformationsScreen Relative

Options...

OK


TransformUsing MirrorMethod

You will now perform a series of transformations on the solids tocreate the remainder of your geometry model.

10. Create the lower half of this part of the clevis model.

Click in the Define Mirror Plane Normaldatabox. Notice that themirror plane is no longer limited to solely X, Y, or Z and that nowmirroring can be performed about any arbitrary mirror normal vectordefined by a base and a tip

The mirror plane for this model is the global XZ-plane. The vectorperpendicular to that plane points in the global Y-direction. Notice thatglobal Y is aligned with the ‘2’ direction of your local coordinate

Action: Transform

Object: Solid

Method: Mirror



frame 1. To use the 2-axis to identify the orientation of the mirrorplane, select the icon indicatingcoordinate axis 2from theSelectMenu as shown below.

Next, selectCoordinate Frame 1 in your viewport.

Click in the Solid Listdatabox of theGeometry form and select allsolids in the Viewport.

Click here


Transformusing theTranslateMethod

Solids 6 through 10 appear in the Viewport as shown below.

11. The remaining solids will be created using the translatemethod.

Translating the solids in two steps is the trick for creating congruentgeometry which is needed for the meshers.

Solids 11 through 14 appear in the Viewport.

Action: Transform

Object: Solid

Method: Translate

Translation Vector < 0, 0, -.25>

Repeat Count 2

Solid List Solid 1, 6

Apply



Your last construction step is to translate copies of the solids thatsurround the hole to create the final solids.

Click in theTranslation Vector databox.

From theSelect Menu pick the tip and base points icon.

To define the translation vector, pickPoint 10 then Point 40 asshown below.UseSelect Corners icon from the toolbar.

After selecting the points useFit View icon to zoom out.

Select Corners Fit View

X

Y

Z

1

2

34

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

1718

19

20

21

2223

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

32

33

34

35

36

3738

39

40

41

42

43

44

45

46

47

48

49

50

1

23

4

5

6

1

2

34

5

1

2

34

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

1R

T

Z

Point 40

Point 10

X

Y

Z


Close theDatabase

Change theRepeat Countto 1. Click in theSolid Listdatabox. In yourViewport, select all solids that surround the hole.

Solids 15 through 22 appear in the viewport. The model is nowcomplete. Next you will practice changing the rendering style of yourmodel.

12. To complete this exercise, you will close the database.

This will exit MSC/PATRAN and close your file. Do not delete thedatabase from your directory since you will use it for future exercises.

File/Quit


LESSON 5

s.

Views of a 3-D Clevis

Objectives:

■ To become familiar with different view options.

■ To create and modify z-axis and arbitrary clipping plane



LESSON 5 Views of a 3-D Clevis

e

e

ng

d

m.

Model Description:In this exercise you will view the 3-D clevis model from differentpositions using mouse movement and Named View Options, and changthe render style. You will also learn how to define z-axis and arbitraryclipping planes. These are used to view cross sections of the model.


■ Open the old databaseclevis.db .

■ Change the model’s render style to smooth shaded.

■ View the model from different angles.

■ Use the middle mouse button to change the model’sorientation

■ Change the mouse settings to translate and zoom in on thmodel, then change back to the default rotate x/y setting.

■ Use the z-clipping planes to view a slice of the model.

■ Change the view to MSC/PATRAN’s predefined top view.Create two arbitrary clipping planes and name themclip_1andclip_2 .

■ Modify their direction and location as follows:

■ Change to isometric view to observe the effects of the clippiplanes.

■ Return to the top view and then change clip_2 so that it nolonger moves with the model. Change to isometric view annotice the effect this has on the model.

■ Change the orientation of clip_1 using the icons on the for

■ Unpost the clipping planes and return the model to theisometric view and wireframe render style.

Table 1:

Name Direction LocationMove with

modelIcon on

clip_1 <-1, 0, -1> [-1, 0, 0] Yes Yes

clip_2 <1, 0, 0> [-3, 0, 0] Yes Yes


Exercise Procedure:

1. Open the old databaseclevis.db .

It may be necessary to click on the filter button to update the DatabaseList soclevis.db is displayed.

2. Change the model’s render style to smooth shaded.

Click on the smooth shaded icon on theMain Form to change therender style.

You can also do this on theMain Form by selecting

File/Open Database...

Existing Database Name clevis.db

OK

Display/Entity Color/Label/Render

Render Style: Shaded/Smooth

Apply



r

-Orient theodel

Your model should look like this

3. View the model from different angles.

Try viewing different orientations of the model by using the icons on theMain Form as shown below.

You can also access these views throughViewing/Named ViewOptions.

4. Use the middle mouse button to change the model’sorientation

Move the mouse cursor to the approximate center of the viewport. Clickand hold down the center mouse button without sliding the mouse eithehorizontally or vertically. While holding the center mouse button downslowly move the mouse to the right. Release the mouse button.

ReM

Top View Back toFront ViewIsometric View


th

e

ChangingMouseSettings

Repeat the same procedure but slowly move the mouse forward.

You will see that the default rotations are relative to the screencoordinate system. Therefore horizontal and vertical movement of themouse causes the model to rotate about the screen x- and y-axes. Boforms are shown below for your reference.

With this configuration, the middle mouse button will rotate yourmodel in the XY plane of the screen coordinate system. You canchange the middle mouse button to rotate about Z, pan and zoom thmodel, or use theMain Form icons, as we will learn next.

5. Change the middle mouse button settings to translate andzoom the model when moving the mouse, then changeback to the default rotate x/y setting.

From the toolbar on theMain Form, click on theMouse translate XYicon which will change its function to translate. Hold the middlemouse button down and move the mouse around to translate the

Preferences/Mouse...

Transformation Options...

Cancel

OK

Mouse Settings

Rotate X/YRotate ZPan X/YZoom

Viewing Functions

Transform in Wireframe

Transformation Options...

OK

Transform with Edges

Transformation Options

Rotation increment (deg)

30

Model RelativeScreen Relative

Pan factor

.3

Zoom factor

.5

OK Cancel

Reset

Mouse TrackingSpin Model



ippinganes

model. Next, click on theMouse zoomicon, hold the middle mousebutton down and zoom the model in and out. To return to the defaultsetting, click on theMouse rotate XY icon.

6. Return the model to an isometric view then use the z-clipping planes to view a slice of the model. Turn off the z-clipping planes.

Click on the Iso 1 View icon from theMain Form to return to anisometric view.

Viewing/Clipping/Perspective...

Clipping

Capping

Mouse zoom Mouse rotate XYMouse translate XY

ClPl

Iso 1 View


l

These radio button switches to enable the MSC/PATRAN z-axis frontand back clipping planes and face capping. With the mouse move thered clipping plane graphics towards the center of the blue clevis modeicon in theClipping/Perspective form as shown in the form below.The z-axis clipping planes are positioned along the screen z-axis.

Clipping/Perspective

Z Min = -4.4422512. Z Max = 1.8109422

Clipping Capping

Back Clipping Plane

-2.21551

Front Clipping Plane

0.240817

Perspective

View Plane Distance

0

Observer Position

3.62188

Defaults

Apply Reset Cancel

Front ClippingPlane (red)

Back ClippingPlane (red)



.

Using the mouse, change the model’s view orientation. Notice that asyou move the model the z-axis clipping planes remain stationary and themodel passes through the clipping planes as shown in the figure below

Turn off the z-axis clipping planes by clicking on theClipping switch.Click onCancel to close the form.

7. Change the view to the top view. Create two arbitraryclipping planes and name themclip_1 andclip_2 .

Click on theTop View icon from theMain Form.

Viewing/Arbitrary Clipping...

Create...

New Clipping Plane Name clip_1

OK


ArbitraryClippingPlanes

Repeat this process with the nameclip_2.

8. Modify and post each of the clipping planes just createdusing the settings shown in Table 1 on page 5-3.

In the Post/Unpost Clipping Planeslistbox highlight the clip_1clipping plane.

Let us review the highlighting procedure (posting) in a list box. Theselection is usually done as a combination of a mouse clicksimultaneously with a key board press. The following tablesummarizes these combination.

Change theTarget Clipping Plane option button toclip_1.

This ‘attaches’ the plane to the model and displays the icon to show itsposition and direction.

Item(s) to pick Method

Single item pick. point + click L.M.B.*

A block of items. click L.M.B. at top item, while thebutton is down scroll down to the

last item.

Multiple picking of individualitems.

use L.M.B. + shift key on the firstand last item in the block.

Random picking of item. use L.M.B. + control key at everyitem to be picked.

To unpost an item L.M.B. + control key

*L.M.B. is left mouse button

Target Clipping Plane: clip_1

Clipping Plane Attributes Move With Model

Display Direction Icon

Direction < -1, 0, -1 >

Location [ -1, 0, 0 ]

Apply

clip_1



Your Clevis model should appear like the following figure.

Next, change theTarget Clipping Planeoption menu toclip_2. In thePost/Unpost Clipping Planelistbox highlightclip_1 andclip_2 clippingplanes.



Display Direction Icon

Direction < 1, 0, 0>

Location [ -3, 0, 0 ]

Apply


Your clevis model should be clipped as shown in the following figure.

Using theMain Form icon Iso 1 View, change to an isometric view toobserve the effects of the two clipping planes.



l

9. Return to the top view and then changeclip_2 so that it nolonger moves with the model. Notice the effect this has onthe model.

Using theMain Form icon, change to aTop view of the model.

With theMove with Model option set to off, clipping plane’s directionis defined with respect to the screen coordinate axis and not the modeaxis (default). Change toIso 1 View to observe the effects of the twoclipping planes.

10. Change the orientation ofclip_1using the icons on the form.

Target theclip_1 clipping plane and practice changing its direction byusing the rotation icons located at the center of the form.

11. Unpost the clipping planes and return the model to theisometric view and wireframe render style.

Turn off clip_1 andclip_2 by unhighlighting their names in thePost/Unpost Clipping Planeslistbox (Hint: use the control key) and clickingon the Apply button. Click on theCancelbutton to close the form.

Return the model toWireframe render style before you close thedatabase.



Apply

File/Quit




LESSON 6

Display Exercise

Objectives:

■ Become familiar with various display options.

■ Create and use your own named attribute sets.

■ Add text to display.


LESSON 6 Display Exercise

Model Description:In this exercise you will access the MSC/PATRAN model used in yourfirst exercise and practice modifying its render style with various displayoptions. You will also learn how to define titles for the model andidentify MSC/PATRAN entities by highlighting them.


■ Create a new database and name itdisplay.db .

■ Play the session fileexercise_1.ses to build the model.

■ Change the display attributes.

-Set all entity labels off, turn surface labels on andchange the render style toShaded/Flat,then backto Wireframe .

-Adjust the Geometric display properties to:

■ Display Lines = 0.

■ Parametric Directions = ON.

■ Chordal Tolerance = 1.0.

-Inspect the display of the model, then set:

■ Chordal Tolerance = 0.005.

■ Geometric Shrink = 0.30.

-Add text to the display. Create the title,This isa test title , using aFont Sizeof 18 and a Colorof Red.

■ Use Highlighting to identify different entities in the display,like identifying the location ofsolids 19 & 23.


Exercise Procedure:

1. Create a new database and name itdisplay.db .

2. Play the session file,exercise_1.ses to build yourmodel.

After your model has been created it should look like the one shownin the figure below.


New Database Name display

OK


Tolerance Default

OK

File/Session/Play...

Play From File exercise_1.ses

Apply



angender Style

3. Turn on the surface labels

4. Change the render style to shaded/flat, and change theshade color.

On theEntity Color/Label/Render form

Your model should now look similar to the one shown below.


Entity Types Colors and Labels

Surface: Label

Apply

Render Style: Shaded/Flat

Shade Color: Any Color

Apply

ChRe


5. Change the display back toWireframe , turn theparametric direction display on. Set the chordal toleranceto 1.0. Change the chordal tolerance back to 0.005(default) and re-render the model.

Your model should look like the one shown below.

Display/Geometry

Show Parametric Direction

Apply



l.ordallerance

ometricrink

Change theChordal Tolerancedatabox to1.0 and click on theApplybutton to see the change. Your model should look like the one shownbelow.

As you can now see, theChordal Toleranceaffects the number of linesegments that are used to render the graphic image of your modeReset theChordal Tolerancedatabox back to its default value of0.001.

Note: Chordal Tolerance only effects the screens geometricrepresentation, not the actual geometry.

6. Render the model with theGeometric Shrink set to0.30.

ChTo

GeSh


Adding aTitle

Change theGeometric Shrinkslidebar to0.3 and click on theApplybutton to see the changes. Your model should now look like the oneshown below.

Click on theCancel button to close the form.

7. Create the title,This is a test titleusing aFont Sizeof 18,and post it at the center of the viewport. Modify its colorfrom white tored. Move the title.

Select the title with the left mouse button and holding it down, movethe title location to a different position.

Click on theClosebutton to close the Titles form.

Display/Titles...

Target Title This is a test title

Create

Font Size 18

Title Color red



y

ghlighting
8. Without turning on the solid ID labels, identify the
location of solids 19 and 23 by Highlighting them.Remove all highlighting from your model.

There are two ways this can be accomplished. The first is by turningon thePreselection Highlightingin the Preferences/Pickingform.There isLabel andEntity Highlighting that can be activated. Thepreselection settings work by highlighting the entity label or the entityitself as the mouse passes over it and before it is selected. This wayou know what entity you are selecting before you actually click on it.The form is shown below.

Hi

Picking Preferences

Single Picking

Centroid

Entity

Entity Picking Cursor

Rectangle/Polygon Picking

Enclose entire entity

Enclose any portion of entity

Enclose centroid

Cycle picking form

Horizontal select menus

Popup select menus

Preselection Settings

Label Highlighting

Entity Highlighing

Node/Point Marker Size

Close

◆◆

◆

◆◆◆

◆◆

10


The second way is to click onDisplay in theMain Form and selectHighlight from the pull-down menu. By referring to the forms andfigure below, identify the solid shown in the figure by highlighting itwith a mouse pick.

When you click on the solid at the top left of the model MSC⁄PATRANhighlights the solid and prints its ID in theSelected Entitiesdata boxof theHighlighting form. Click on theClear All button to unhighlight

Highlighting

Selected Entities

Highlight

Clear All

OK

First

Second click here

Third click here

clickhere

Fourth click this solid



the solid. This process can be performed in reverse to identify where aparticular solid exists in the model. For example, in theSelectedEntitiesdatabox, enterSolid 23 . Next, click on theHighlight buttonto show the solid’s location.

Click on theClear All button to remove the highlighting, click on theOK button to close theHighlighting form.

File/Quit

Solid 23 will be highlighted




LESSON 7

Finite Element Model of a3-D Clevis

Objectives:

■ Apply a nonuniform mesh seed near a critical location ofthe model.

■ Apply a global mesh to the seeded model.


LESSON 7 Finite Element Model of a 3-D Clevis

w.

nsity

nd

Model Description:In this exercise you will define a finite element mesh for the Clevismodel you developed earlier. You will use mesh seeding to create arefined mesh with a higher mesh density near the bottom of the holewhere you will apply a force load in a future exercise.


■ Start MSC⁄PATRAN and open the databaseClevis.db .

■ Using an isometric view of your model, zoom in on thelower half of the clevis hole. Save this view as a named vieUse the namezoom_in .

■ To further simplify the rendering of your clevis model youwill now turn off the display lines so only the model’sboundaries are shown.

■ Create the mesh seeds needed to increase the mesh dein the area where the distributed load will be applied.

■ Create a finite element mesh using the element topology asize listed in the diagram above.

L1

L2

Mesh Seed6 elements per edgeL2/L1 = 0.5

Finite Element MeshGlobal Edge Length = 0.5HEX8 elements

Figure 7-1


7

Create aNamed View

Exercise Procedure:1. Start MSC⁄PATRAN and open the database

Clevis.db .

2. Using an isometric view of your model, zoom in on thelower half of the clevis hole. Save this view as a namedview. Use the namezoom_in .

There are two ways to get an isometric view of your model. The firstis to click on theisometric view icon in the toolbar and the second isunderViewing on theMain Menu bar.

When the cursor changes to a plus sign (+) select the lower half of thefront clevis hole, as shown in the figure below, by clicking on a cornerof the desired view rectangle (remember, click and hold down the left


Existing Database Name Clevis.db

OK


Select Named View isometric_view

Close

Viewing/Select Corners

-4 PATRAN 301 Exercise Workbook - Release 7.5


mouse button), and dragging the mouse cursor to the position of thediagonally opposite corner of the view rectangle. Releasing the leftmouse button gives the new view.

Since you will need this view in a future exercise, save it by creatinga named view of the model’s current orientation.

TheNamed View Options form will now list your new saved view.Click on the scroll bar down arrow of theSelect Named Viewlistboxto display your new view then close the form.


Create View...

Create New View zoom_in

Apply

Close


7

Create aNonuniformMesh Seed

3. Create the mesh seeds needed to increase the mesh densityin the area where the distributed load will be applied, asshown in the figure below.

This selection allows you to specify the number of elements and theirvarying size along an edge of an entity. The symbolL2/L1 representsthe ratio of the length of the last element to that of the first elementalong the edge. The directionality of the edges is shown by the cyanarrows that appear on the model when you enter this form.

Finite Elements

Action: Create

Object: Mesh Seed

Type: One Way Bias

Num Elems and L2/L1

Number = 6

L2/L1 = 2

Curve List See figure below

Click

hereAnd

here



sic

esh theodel

Next, you will select the adjacent edges shown in the following figure.Before you select the edges notice that the directionality of these edgeis the same as that of the edges just selected. To obtain a symmetrmesh seed about the lowest point of the hole you must invert theL2/L1 ratio, by changing its current value to0.5 (or -2). Change the value,select the two edges, and click onApply.

Before creating the model’s finite element mesh, zoom out so you cansee the entire model.

Click onViewing in theMain Formand selectFit View from the pull-down menu or click on theFit View icon.

4. Create a finite element mesh using the element topologyand size listed below.

Action: Create

Object: Mesh

Type: Solid

Click

here

And

here

MM


7

Your clevis model should look like the one shown below.

Global Edge Length 0.5

Solid List Select All in Viewport

Apply

File/Close


(Another) Finite ElementModel of a 3-D Clevis

LESSON 8

Objectives:

■ Use Chaining to create a Curve.

■ Create a Trimmed Surface.

■ Sweep a Surface Mesh to create Solid elements.

■ Use the Finite Elements Transform option.



LESSON 8 Another F. E. Model of a 3-D Clevis

Model Description:In this exercise you will create a geometry model of one face ofthe now famous clevis. It will consist of a simple surface and aplanar trimmed surface. You will create a quad mesh on thesesurfaces, then extrude that mesh to create solid elements. Finallyyou will translate elements to complete the model.

Suggested Exercise Steps:■ Create a new database and name itdeja_vu.db . The

approximate maximum model dimension is 8 units. UseMSC/NASTRAN for the Analysis Code.

■ Create a surface to define the body of the clevis and linesto define the outer and inner bounds of the surface witha hole.

■ Chain together the outer curves to create one continuousloop, and the curves defining the hole to create a second,continuous loop.

■ Create a trimmed surface using the outer loop and thecircular “hole”.

■ Mesh the ‘simple surface’ using isomesh, and thetrimmed surface using paver. Then extrude the meshesto define the thicknesses of their respective portions ofthe clevis.

■ Transform the mesh in the region defining the hole tocomplete the clevis finite element model.

2 Dia 2 Radiusx

y

4

4 Patch

Inner and outer loops to define theenclosed trimmed surface.

1/43/4

2


Exercise Procedure:1. Create a new database and name itdeja_vu.db . The

approximate maximum model dimension is 8 units.Use MSC/NASTRAN for the Analysis Code.

2. Construct a surface to define the body of the clevis andcurves to define the outer and inner bounds of the surfacewith a hole.

Create the first surface that will form the body of the clevis.

This will create a 4x4 square plane surface at the global origin.

Now you will define the remaining boundaries of the clevis; first, thehole.


New Database Name deja_vu

OK



Approximate Maximum ModelDimension

8

Analysis Code MSC/NASTRAN

OK

Geometry

Action: Create

Object: Surface

Method: XYZ

Vector Coordinate List <4, 4, 0>

Apply

Action: Create

Object: Curve

Method: Revolve



The center of the hole is at x = 6 and y = 2.This will be the base ofyour rotation vector. To rotate about the positive z-axis, the tip ofyour rotation vector should define a point in that direction.

Click in the Axis data box and update its contents to{[6 2 0] [6 2 1]} . The 2 sets of brackets define an axis to the MSC/PATRAN list processor.

You can define any point on the circle as the point to sweep. Forexample click in thePoint List data box and type[5 2 0] .

Now you will define the outer boundaries.

Create the final two curves to close the outer boundary.

Turn on curve label by selecting theLabel Control icon from thetoolbar.

The Label Control Panelwill appear and you will select theCurveicon.

Axis {[6, 2, 0] [6, 2, 1]}

Total Angle 360

Point List [5, 2, 0]

Apply

Total Angle 180

Point List [6, 0, 0]

Action: Create

Object: Curve

Method: Point


Chaining toCreateCurves

Also, turn ondisplay lines by selecting this icon from the toolbar.

Make straight curves between the point locations shown in the figurebelow.

3. Chain together the outer curves to create one continuousloop, and the curves defining the hole to create a second,continuous loop.

The outer boundary of the clevis model will be defined as a singlecurve by chaining the different segments of the outer boundary.

See figure on next page for curve locations.

SelectYes when prompted for deletion of the original curves.

Action: Create

Object: Curve

Method: Chain

Curve List Curve 4, 3, 2 Surface 1.3

Apply

Connect these two points

and these two points

X

Y

Z

1

2 3

4

5

6

7

1 21



eate aimmedrface

4. Now, create the planar trim surface, using the outer andinner loops.

SelectYeswhen asked if you want to delete the original curves.

Action: Create

Object: Surface

Method: Trimmed

Option Planar

Outer Loop List Select the curve you justcreated

Inner Loop List Select the inner circle

Apply

1

2 3

4

5

6

7

1 2

3

4

1

Then change Select menuicon and pick this edge

Pick curvesfirst

X

Y

Z

CrTrSu


SweepingFiniteElements

Your model will appear as shown below.

5. Mesh the simple surface (green) using the isomesher, andthe trimmed surface (magenta) using the paver. Thenextrude the mesh through the thickness as is appropriate.

Click on theFinite Elementsradio button in theMain Form.

UseIsomesh for Surface 1.

UsePaver for Surface 2.

Now you will sweep the surface elements to create solid elements.

Finite Elements

Action: Create

Object: Mesh

Method: Surface


Apply

Action: Sweep

Object: Element

Method: Normal

X

Y

Z

1

2 3

4

5

6

7

1 2



anslatingniteements

In theMesh Control form change...

On the Select Menu, pick theMeshed Entity icon, then…

pick theMeshed Surface icon.

Then selectSurface 1 .

On theFinite Elements form selectMesh Control...,

6. Transform the mesh in the region defining the hole tocomplete the clevis finite element model.

Now to create the other side of the clevis.

Number 3

OK

Normal Length 0.75

Delete Original Elements

Base Entity List Surface 1

Apply

Mesh Control...

Number 1

OK

Normal Length 0.25

Delete Original Elements

Base Entity List Surface 2

Apply

Action: Transform

TrFiEl


Click in the Element Listdatabox and select all the hex elementsextruded from the mesh on Surface 2.

Change the view toIsometric, and theRender Style to Hidden Line.

You may have pieces that appear to be missing in theHidden LineRender Style. What is happening here is the FEM and the Geometryboth exist in the same exact space. MSC/PATRAN does not knowwhich one should be displayed over the other, hence the error ofmissing pieces in your viewport. To correct this erase all Geometry.

Quit Patran to complete this exercise.

Object: Element

Method: Translate

Translation Vector <0, 0, 0.5>

Element List

Apply

Display/Plot/Erase...

Erase All Geometry

OK

File/Quit


Verification and PropertyAssignment


LESSON 9

Objectives:

■ Prepare the model for analysis by eliminating duplicatenodes and verifying element attributes.

■ Apply material and element properties.


LESSON 9 Verification and Property Assignment

t

ue

Model Description:This exercise continues to prepare the clevis model for analysis. Youwill remove duplicate nodes, check the hex elements aspect ratio,and optimize the finite element model. You will also input materialand element properties for the model.


■ Start MSC⁄PATRAN and open your old file,Clevis.db .

■ Check the model for internal free edges which indicatewhere cracks exist in your model.

■ Equivalence the Clevis model and then verify the elemenboundaries.

■ Verify the Hex element’s aspect ratio using a threshold valof 2.0.

■ Select the analysis code P3/ADVANCEDFEA.

■ Create an Isotropic material, namedSteel , which uses aLinear Elastic Constitutive Model. The Steel’s ElasticModulus and Poisson’s Ratio are respectively 30E6 and0.30.

■ Create a 3-D element property named,Solid_Elements_Steel , for the entire model whichincludes the steel material definition.


VerifyElementBoundaries

Exercise Procedure:

1. Start MSC⁄PATRAN and open your old file,Clevis.db .

2. Check the model for internal free edges which indicatewhere cracks exist in your model.

MSC⁄PATRAN will render your model’s free edges as yellow lines.Your model should look like the one shown below.



OK

Finite Elements

Action: Verify

Object: Element

Test: Boundaries

Apply



uivalence

Notice that prior to equivalencing, all geometric boundaries appearas free edges (cracks) in your model.MSC/Patran defines freeedges as an edge that is shared by only one element. Click on theReset Graphicsbutton to rerender your model in its original renderstyle.

3. Equivalence the Clevis model and then verify the elementboundaries.

By equivalencing the model, all duplicate nodes will be removed.Hence, the finite element model represents the object as a singlesolid piece.

As the equivalencing process proceeds, the locations which havebeen modified will be identified by circles. Verify the ElementBoundaries again. Now you should only see the exterior edges of theclevis, as shown in the figure below.

Action: Equivalence

Object: All

Method: Tolerance Cube

Apply

Eq


Aspect RatioVerification

4. Verify the Hex element’s aspect ratio using a thresholdvalue of 2.0.

Next, set theAspect Ratio slide bar value to approximately2.0.

This will color code the Hex elements based on their Aspect Ratiovalues. Any element with an Aspect Ratio greater than or equal to2.0 will be colored red according to the default spectrum.

Remember toReset Graphics before performing the next step.

Action: Verify

Object: Hex

Method: Aspect

Apply



lecting analysisde

reateementoperties

5. Set the analysis code to MSC/ADVANCED_FEA.

6. Create an Isotropic material, namedSteel , which uses aLinear Elastic Constitutive Model. The material’s ElasticModulus and Poisson’s Ratio are 30E6 and 0.30,respectively.

You will know the model has been created when the CurrentConstitutive Model list is updated.

7. Create a 3-D element property named,Solid_Elements_Steel , for the entire model which includesthe steel material definition.

Preferences/Analysis...

Analysis Code MSC/ADVANCED_FEA

OK

Materials

Action: Create

Object: Isotropic

Method: Manual Input

Material Name steel

Input Properties...

Constitutive Model Elastic

Elastic Modulus 30E6

Poisson’s Ratio 0.3

Apply

Cancel

Properties

Action: Create

Dimension: 3D

Type: Solid

SeAnCo

CElPr


In the Input Properties form click in theMaterial Namedata box.The material properties available for selection will appear in theMaterial Property Sets list.

Select the proper material from the list. The selected material namewill appear with the prefix “m:” in theMaterial Name data box.

Property Set Name solid_elements_steel

Input Properties...

OK

Select Members Select All Geometry

Add

Apply

File/Quit

Input PropertiesSolid

Property Name Value Value Type

Mat Prop Namem:steel

Real Scalar

Integer

CID

SteelMaterial Property Sets

OK

Material Name

[Orientation Axis]

[Orientation Angle]

[Orientation System]



Spatial And Temporal Variationof Loads

LESSON 10

Objective:

■ To model spatially and temporally varying applied loads.


LESSON 10 Spatial And Temporal Variation of Loads

Model Description:In this exercise you will create a simple flat plate model and thenapply a pressure load that is a function of both time and spatiallocation.

10

10

[0,0,0]y

x

Analysis Code:Element type:Element Global Edge Length:Pressure Loading:

MSC/NASTRANQuad41.0

P(x,y,z,t) = 100sinr(πx/10) sinr(πy/10) cosr(10t)where, 0 ≤ x ≤ 10; 0 ≤ y ≤ 10; 0≤ t ≤ 2;

use 30 time increments;π=3.14159

Figure 11-1


to

ace

ors

dd.


■ Create a new database namedvariable_loads.db .

■ Change the Tolerance to Default and the Analysis CodeMSC/NASTRAN.

■ Create the geometry and finite element mesh using theinformation in Figure 11-1.

■ Create a time dependent load case namedmy_load_case_1 .

■ Define a Spatial field named,pressure_spatial:100*sinr(3.14159*’X/10)*sinr(3.14159*’Y/10) .

■ Define a Time-dependent field named,pressure_temporal: cosr(10*’t) .

■ Verify both fields by showing an XY-plot of the fields.

■ Create a pressure load, namedpressure_1 , and include itin the time dependent load case,my_load_case_1 . Usethe spatially and temporally varying fields to define thepressure variation and apply the pressure to the top surfof all the elements.

■ Turn off the pressure labels so that only the pressure vectare displayed.

■ Turn off the pressure vectors and then verify the specifiepressure loading by plotting contours of the pressure loa



reate aurface

Exercise Procedure:1. Create a new database and name itvariable_loads.db .

2. Change theToleranceto Default and theAnalysis CodetoMSC⁄NASTRAN.

3. Create the geometry and finite element mesh using theinformation in Figure 11-1.


New Database Name variable_loads

OK


Tolerance Default


OK

Geometry

Action: Create

Object: Surface

Method: XYZ


Origin Coordinate List [0, 0, 0]

Apply

Cs


Mesh themodel

The surface is shown in the figure below.

Now create the mesh for the model.

Finite Elements

Action: Create

Object: Mesh

Type: Surface


Element Topology Quad 4

Surface List Surface 1

Apply

X

Y

Z



reate Loadase

Your finite element model should look like the one shown in thefigure below.

4. Create a time dependent load case namedmy_load_case_1 .

Before you create the time dependent pressure load you must createa time-dependent load case.

The temporal and spatial fields will be created in two separate fields.

Load Cases

Action: Create

Load Case Name my_load_case_1

Load Case Type Time Dependent

Apply

X

Y

Z

CC


Create aSpatiallyDependentField

Create aTime-DependentField

5. Define a Spatial field named,pressure_spatial:100*sinr(3.14159*’X/10)*sinr(3.14159*’Y/10) .

100*sinr(3.14159*’X/10)*sinr(3.14159*’Y/10)

Notice that the X and Y are preceded with a single quote and theyare capitalized. In addition, the acceptable PCL syntax is writtenabove theScalar Function databox.

Below theScalar Functiondatabox, theIndependent Variablesarelisted. Selecting any of these variables will automatically place itinto the equation with the appropriate syntax.

6. Define a Time-Dependent field namedpressure_temporal: cosr(10*’t) .

Fields

Action: Create

Object: Spatial

Method: PCL Function

Field Name pressure_spatial

Field Type Scalar

Scalar Function (’X ’Y ’Z)

Apply

Action: Create

Object: Non-Spatial

Method: Tabular Input

Field Name pressure_temporal

Active Independent Variables Time

Input Data...

Map Function to Table...

PCL Expression f(’t) cosr(10*’t)

Start Time 0.0

End Time 2.0

Number of Points 30



rify theeated Field

7. Verify the created fields using an XY-plot.

The XY plot is shown in the figure below.

A table called Plotted Curves will also be displayed, showing theactual data points plotted. Hit theCancelbutton to close this form,or move it to the side.

Apply

Cancel

OK

Apply

Action: Show

Select Field to Show pressure_temporal

Specify Range...

Use Existing Points

OK

Apply

VeCr


To plot thepressure_spatialfield, highlight it underSelect Fields toShow. You may choose only one independent variable for the XYplots which means one of the variables will be held constant, whilethe other varies between user defined values.

For example, in theSpecify Rangeform set X values between0 and10, and the number of points to30. Set the range for Y valuesbetween0 and10, and use5 sets. The 5 sets for the Y scale representthe number of curves in the plot. Click onOK to close form andclick on Apply to create and post the XY plot. The Y=0 and Y=10curves are along the bottom axis and are difficult to see. Since theloading is symmetric, the Y=2.5 and Y =7.5 curves are identical andlie on top of each other. Only 1 color is plotted. A way to display thespatially varying pressure as a contour plot will be shown next.

When you are done viewing the xy plot, click on theUnpostCurrent XY Plot button.

0. 2.00 4.00 6.00 8.00 10.0 12.0

-20.0

0.

20.0

40.0

60.0

80.0

100.

LEGENDpressure_spatial- Y=0.

pressure_spatial- Y=10.

pressure_spatial- Y=2.5

pressure_spatial- Y=5.

pressure_spatial- Y=7.5

pressure_temporal



pecify aariableoad

8. Create a pressure load, namedpressure_1 , and includeit in the time dependent load case,my_load_case_1. Usethe spatial and temporal fields to define the pressurevariation and apply the pressure to the top surface of all theelements.

The pressure load set markers are drawn normal to the elements asshown in the figure below. Note that the view has been changed to

Load/BCs

Action: Create

Object: Pressure

Type: Element Uniform

New Set Name pressure_1

Current Load Case my_load_case_1

Target Element Type: 2D

Input Data...

Top Surf Pressure f:pressure_spatial

Time Dependence f:pressure_temporal

OK

Select Application Region...

Geometry Filter FEM

Select 2D Elements or Edges Select All Elements

Add

OK

Apply

SVL


Iso 1 View so that the normal vectors can be seen clearly.

Attributes of the markers, such as color and display, may be changedin the Display/Load/BC/Elem. Props…menu accessed from theMain Form. Change the color of the pressure marker to anothercolor.

9. Turn off the pressure labels so that only the pressurevectors are displayed.

Vector attributes, such as pressure labels, coloring method andvector size, may be modified in theDisplay menu.

Display/Load/BC/Elem. Props...

Vectors/Fields...

Show LBC/El. Prop. Values

Apply

X

Y

Z

2.4477.102

11.0613.94

15.4515.45

13.9411.06

7.1022.447

7.10220.61

32.1040.45

44.8444.84

40.4532.10

20.617.102

11.0632.10

50.0063.00

69.8469.84

63.0050.00

32.1011.06

13.9440.45

63.0079.39

88.0088.00

79.3963.00

40.4513.94

15.4544.84

69.8488.00

97.5597.55

88.0069.84

44.8415.45

15.4544.84

69.8488.00

97.5597.55

88.0069.84

44.8415.45

13.9440.45

63.0079.39

88.0088.00

79.3963.00

40.4513.94

11.0632.10

50.0063.00

69.8469.84

63.0050.00

32.1011.06

7.10220.61

32.1040.45

44.8444.84

40.4532.10

20.617.102

2.4477.102

11.0613.94

15.4515.45

13.9411.06

7.1022.447



reate anlement Filllot


10. Turn off the pressure vectors and then verify the specifiedpressure loading by plotting contours of the pressure load.


Pressure

Apply

Cancel

Load/BCs

Action: Plot Contours

Object: Pressure

Existing Sets pressure_1

Select Data Variable Top Surf Pressure

X

Y

Z

CEP


You may need to reset the range to span the actual property range.

Your screen should appear as below

To complete the exercise, you need to close the database.

Time 0.0

Select Groups default_group

Apply

Display/Ranges...

Fit Results

Calculate

Apply

File/Quit



Loads and Boundary Conditionson a 3-D Clevis

LESSON 11

Objectives:

■ Apply constraints to your model.

■ Create and apply aField to describe a spatially varyingload.


LESSON 11 Loads and B/C’s on a 3-D Clevis

d

t

Model Description:In this exercise you will create a loading condition and a constraint setfor the clevis model. The base of the lug will be clamped. The hole willbe loaded downward with a quadratically varying load Fy = -100(1-x2)generated from a vector field.

Suggested Exercise Steps:■ Open the database,Clevis.db .

■ Create a spatially varying vector field namedQuadratic_load , using the vector components describein the figure above.

■ Create a nodal displacement boundary condition namedClamped , which restrains all degrees of freedom. Apply ito the geometry faces shown in the figure above.

■ Create a force boundary condition namedVertical_load ,which uses theQuadratic_load field. Apply it to the solidfaces along the bottom half of the holes.

■ Display both the displacement and force on the finiteelement model.

Restrain all 6 degrees of freedomalong these faces.

y

xz

Apply a spatially varying load

Fx = Fz = 0

Fy = -100(1-x2)

to the bottom faces of the holes.

Figure 10-1


Fields toDefine aSpatiallyVarying Load

ApplyingConstraints

Exercise Procedure:1. Open the database,Clevis.db .

2. Create a spatially varying vector field namedQuadratic_load , using the vector components describedin Figure 10-1.

To define the Vector Function (’X,’Y,’Z), click in the SecondComponentdatabox, and type the equation for the load as shownbelow. Remember to precede the independent variable, capital X, witha single quote.

-100*(1-’X**2)

3. Create a nodal displacement boundary condition namedclamped , which restrains all degrees of freedom. Applyit to the geometry faces shown in Figure 10-1.



OK

Fields

Action: Create

Object: Spatial


Field Name quadratic_load

Field Type Vector

Second Component -100*(1-’X**2)

Apply

Loads/BCs

Action: Create

Object: Displacement

Type: Nodal

New Set Name clamped

Input Data...



To prepare for the application of loads and boundary conditions, youneed to orient the model to facilitate cursor picking. Click on theFront View icon from theMain Form, then select theSurface iconfrom theSelect Menu.

Use the rectangle selection technique (click and drag) to choose theapplication region for the constraint. Make sure that yourPickingPreference is set toEnclose Entire Entity.

Translations <T1 T2 T3> <0, 0, 0>

Rotations <R1 R2 R3> <0, 0, 0>

OK


Geometry Filter Geometry

Select Geometry Entities Select the left side of themodel as shown below

Front View Surface


Applying aSpatiallyVaryingLoad

Vectors showing the constraints will be displayed at the display linesof the solid. If display lines are set to zero, the vectors will appear atthe corners of the solid. To remove the vectors click on the ResetGraphics icon in the toolbar.

To redisplay vectors:

Vectors indicating constraints in translations and rotations willreappear at the solid’s display lines.

4. Create an applied load namedVertical_load , which usestheQuadratic_load field. Apply it to the solid faces alongthe bottom half of the holes.

In the Force <F1 F2 F3> databox, move the cursor down to theSpatial Fields listbox, and selectquadratic_load.

Add

OK

Apply

Action: Plot Markers

Assigned Load/BC Sets Displ-clamped


Apply

Action: Create

Object: Force

Type: Nodal

New Set Name vertical_load

Input Data...

Force <F1 F2 F3> f:quadratic_load

OK




t

Be sure that theSurface icon is still highlighted in theSelect Menu.Click in theSelect Geometry Entitiesdatabox, and select the surfacesfor the load. Use the polygon pick method to select the solid faces thabound the bottom half of the holes, as shown in the figure below

You can select this icon or hold downcontrol whiledragging the cursor.

Geometry Filter Geometry

Add

OK

Apply

Polygon Picking


Display onFEM

Vector markers indicating the applied load will appear as shownbelow. It’s ok if your vectors from the clamped end are pointing in theopposite direction.

5. Display both the displacement and force on the finiteelement model.

In theLoad/Boundary Conditions form, change theAction to PlotMarkers .


Show on FEM Only

Apply

Cancel


Assigned Load/BC Sets Displ_clampedForce_vertical_load


Apply



l

bels onctors

The loads and constraints should now be displayed at the nodalocations as shown below (orientation of the constraint arrows mayvary).

To turn off the values, use

To see the vectors scaled to the values, go to

Display/Load/BC/El. Props...

Vectors/Filters...

Show LBC/El. Prop. Values

Apply

Scaled - Model Relative

Apply

Cancel

File/Quit

LaVe




LESSON 12

Material PropertyDefinition

Objective:

■ Create a material that has temperature dependentproperties.


LESSON 12 Material Property Definition

nte

Model Description:In this exercise you will create several fields that represent thevariation of material properties with respect to temperature. You willuse fields to define a composite material. This exercise has beedesigned to contain the required steps that are necessary to creaalmost any material definition in MSC⁄PATRAN.

Table 1: Temperature Dependent Material Properties

T(˚F)

E11(Msi)

E22(Msi)

ν12G12

(Msi)G23

(Msi)G13

(Msi)

α11(Mils/in/˚F)

α22(Mils/in/˚F)

800 1.47 0.364 0.320 0.119 0.227 0.335 0.50 58.90

1200 1.33 0.183 0.320 0.060 0.196 0.303 0.00 71.10

1500 1.25 0.161 0.320 0.053 0.199 0.300 -0.25 15.60

Surface Model

5”

1”

xy

Finite Element Mesh:Global Edge Length= 0.5 inQUAD4 elements


Properties:Thickness = 0.020 in2d Orthotropic material name: mat_orth2d

Figure 12-1


the

inse

t


■ Create a new database namedmaterial.db .

■ Change theTolerance to Default and the Analysis Code toMSC/NASTRAN.

■ Create the geometry and the finite element mesh using information shown in Figure 12-1.

■ Create an individual field for each material property listedTable 1 above that varies with respect to temperature. UE11, E22, G12, G13, G23, ALPHA11, and ALPHA22 forthe field names.

■ Create a 2D Orthotropic material named,mat_orth2d , thatincorporates the material property fields.

■ Define a shell element property namedProp_1 . Use themat_orth2d material to complete its definition and apply ito all the finite elements of your model.

Exercise Procedure:

1. Create a new database and name itmaterial.db . Select theDefault ToleranceandMSC/NASTRAN Analysis CodeintheNew Model Preferences form.

2. Create the geometry and the finite element mesh using theinformation shown in Figure 12-1.


New Database Name material

OK


Tolerance Default


OK

Geometry

Action: Create



To create the finite element model, click on theFinite Elementsradiobutton in theMain Form.


Object: Surface

Method: XYZ


Apply

Finite Elements

Action: Create

Object: Mesh

Type: Surface


Element Topology QUAD 4


Apply

X

Y

Z


TemperatureDependentProperties

3. Create an individual field for each material property listed inTable 1 above that varies with respect to temperature. UseE11, E22, G12, G13, G23, ALPHA11, and ALPHA22 forthe field names.

To define the 2D Orthotropic material, you must create the fieldswhich will define the variation of each material property with respectto temperature.

Using the data listed in Table 1 of this exercise, define the field forE11.

This will open the1D Material Scalar Table Data form. Click in thevalue cells and enter the values shown in Table 1 for E11. Your formshould look like this.

Fields

Action: Create

Object: Material Property


Field Name E11

Active Independent Variable Temperature

Input Data...

OK

Apply



rs

Drthotropicaterial

Repeat these steps to create the remaining fields for the othetemperature dependent material properties. Use the following namefor these fields: (See table 1 on page 12-3)

E22, G12, G13, G23, ALPHA11, ALPHA22.

4. Create a 2D orthotropic material namedmat_orth2dthat incorporates the material property fields.

Specify each material property by clicking in the Valuedataboxes on theInput Options form, and picking theappropriate field name from theTemperature Dependent Fieldslistbox that will appear at the bottom of the form. Since thePoisson’s Ratio listed in Table 1 is constant at all temperatures,enter its value manually.

Materials

Action: Create

Object: 2D Orthotropic


Material Name mat_orth2d

Input Properties...

Constitutive Model Linear Elastic

Elastic Modulus 11 E11

Elastic Modulus 22 E22


Shear Modulus 12 G12



Thermal Expan. Coeff 11 ALPHA11

Thermal Expan. Coeff 22 ALPHA22

Apply

Cancel

2OM


ApplyMaterial toModel

5. Define a 2D shell element property namedProp_1 . Use themat_orth2d material to complete its definition and apply itto all the finite elements of your model.

You may have to click on the2d Element icon.

Properties

Action: Create

Dimension: 2D

Type: Shell

Property Set Name prop_1

Options: Homogeneous

Standard Formulation

Input Properties...

Material Name m:mat_orth2d

Thickness 0.020

OK

Select Members Select All Finite Elements

Add

Apply

File/Quit


Obtaining Material PropertiesUsing the Materials Selector

Materials Selector

Select Database... Query... Column Headers...

Query Command-Apply- Clear

Current Database: mil5.des

Selected Cell Data

Display Material’s Properties...

CNAME

Row 1 of 95

Row 2 of 95 17-4PH Stainless Steel

Row 3 of 95

Row 6 of 95

Row 5 of 95

Row 7 of 95

17-7PH Stainless Steel

2014 Aluminum Alloy

2017 Aluminum Alloy

2024 Aluminum Alloy

2025 Aluminum Alloy

Row 4 of 95


CNAME (Common Name): 15-5PH Stainless Steel

Auto Execute

LESSON 12a

y it

Objective:

■ Select a material using the Materials Selector and applto a plate.

PATRAN 301 Exercise Workbook - Release 7.512a-1

12a-2 PATRAN 301 Exercise Workbook - Release 7.5

LESSON 12a Obtaining Material Properties Using the Materials Selector

l’s

he

Model Description:In this exercise you will create a rectangular plate, and build its finiteelement model. The Materials Selector will be used to choose amaterial for the plate from on-line material databases. The geometryand material constants are shown below.


■ Create a new database namedaluminum_plate.db .

■ Change the analysis code to MSC/NASTRAN. The modemaximum dimension is 4 units.

■ Create the geometry as shown in Figure 12a-1. Create t

3”

4”

y

x

Figure 12a-1

Analysis Code:

Plate Thickness:

Finite Element MeshElement Type:Global Edge Length:

Material ConstantsMaterial Common Name:Directional Variance of Properties:Modulus of Elasticity in Tension:Density:

MSC/NASTRAN

0.1”

Quad40.5”

Aluminum AlloyIsotropicE 1.1E7 psiρ ≤ 0.1 lb/in3

Table 12a-1


.

k

ble

finite element mesh using the information in Table 12a-1

■ Use the Materials Selector to access the MIL-5 Handboo(Mil5f_cn2.des).

■ Select an appropriate material based on the values in Ta12a-1.

■ Apply the material to the plate.

Exercise Procedure:1. Create a new database and name italuminum_

plate.db .

2. Change the analysis code to MSC/NASTRAN. Themodel’s maximum dimension is 4 units.

3. Create the geometry as shown in Figure 12a-1. Create thefinite element mesh using the information in Table 12a-1.


New Database Name aluminum_plate

OK



ApproximateMaximum ModelDimension

4


OK

Geometry

Action: Create

Object: Surface

Method: XYZ


Apply



ccessingMaterialsatabase

Now the finite element model will be created.

4. Use the Materials Selector to access the MIL-5 Handbook(Mil5f_cn2.des).

Click OK on the message window.

TheMaterial Selector form will appear. It contains a spreadsheet ofall of the materials in themil5.des database. The top row lists thecolumn headers, the second row lists the units, if applicable, for thecolumn, and the third row on give the related information for the

Finite Elements

Action: Create

Object: Mesh

Type: Surface


Element Topology Quad4

Mesher Isomesh


Apply

Materials

Action: Create

Object: Isotropic

Method: Materials Selector

Databases mil5.des

Apply

Material Name mat

AaD


AddingColumns totheSpreadshe

material. When the mil5.des database is brought intoMSC⁄PATRAN, materials are shown in the Materials Selectorspreadsheet with the CNAME listed as shown in the following form.

To obtain an idea of how many material types are present in thedatabase, scroll down the spreadsheet using the scroll bar.

If you wanted to select a different database, you would click on theSelect Database…button. Click on that button now. You are returnedto theMaterials Selector Databases form. To change to a differentdatabase, you would click on a different database in theDatabaseslistbox, and then click on theApply button. Since you already haveselected the database that you want, click on theCancel button toreturn to theMaterial Selector form.

5. Select an appropriate material based on the values in Table12a-1.

You need to select which attributes of the material will be displayed inthe spreadsheet. The selected attributes will be extracted from thedatabase and applied to the material in MSC⁄PATRAN.

Column Headers...

Materials Selector




Selected Cell Data


CNAME

Row 1 of 95


Row 3 of 95

Row 6 of 95

Row 5 of 95

Row 7 of 95


2014 Aluminum Alloy

2017 Aluminum Alloy

2024 Aluminum Alloy

2025 Aluminum Alloy

Row 4 of 95



Auto Execute

et



llet

hangingnits

TheMaterials form will update. Scroll down theAttributeslistbox oftheMaterials form, and selectDENS.

Note that DENS is added to the textbox in theAttribute Informationframe. AddE11T andNU12 in the same manner.

The spreadsheet is updated with the added properties. Use the scrobar on the spreadsheet to display the added attributes. The spreadsheis shown below for your reference.

Click on theUnits option menu on theMaterials form and selectSI-Customary to change the spreadsheet to SI units. Since this problemis performed in English units, click on theUnits option menu againand selectUS-Consistent.

Attributes DENS

Apply

Materials Selector




Selected Cell Data


CNAME

Row 1 of 179


Row 3 of 179

Row 6 of 179

Row 5 of 179

Row 7 of 179






Row 4 of 179



Auto Execute

DENS E11T

-0-

0.282

0.283

0.284

-0-

0.276

0.283

-0-

2.85e+07

2.85e+07

2.85e+07

-0-

2.9e+07

2.85e+07

lb/in^3 psi

CU


wQueryingtheDatabase

Initially the Query Commanddatabox in theMaterials Selector formis blank. The Query Command is used to filter the material list togenerate a smaller, more manageable one. Filters can be set to shoonly materials with specific ranges or types of attributes. Clicking onthe Apply button executes the Query Command. Clicking on theClear button removes the text form theQuery Command databox.

There are two ways to change theQuery Commanddatabox: (1) Typedirectly into the Query Commanddatabox, or (2) Click on theQuery… button to access theMaterials Selector Query Panelform. The first method is quick if you know all the syntax. The secondmethod requires no memorization. Click on theQuery… button now.

TheMaterials Selector Query Panel form will open.

You will see information on CNAME appear inAttribute Informationtextbox.CNAME appears in theBuild the Query Commanddatabox.Click on thelike button

Type*Alum*’ in theBuild the Query Command databox

The asterisks act as wild cards in the manner of a UNIX command.Clicking on theApply button filters the spreadsheet to only includematerials withCommon Nameswhich contain the stringAlum . TheMaterial Selectorform appears with the spreadsheet showing a list ofmaterials that comply with the query. Use the scroll bar to check thelisting. Note theQuery Command databox has been updated.

Now you will filter the list based on the material properties listed inTable 12a-1.

Query...

Attributes CNAME

Select an Operator like

Build the Query Command CNAME like ‘*Alum*’

Apply

Query...

Select an Operator and

Attributes DENS

Select an Operator <=

Type in 0.1



porting theterial intoC⁄PATRAN

lating theaterial toe Model

TheMaterials Selectorform reappears with only one material in thespreadsheet.

On theMaterials form enter the name,alum_2090 , in theMaterialNamedatabox. Next, click on any cell in Row 1 of 1 in the MaterialsSelector form to select that material.

This next form allows you to specify the exact material you require.Click in any cell of Row 1 of 2 to select that material and then on theCreate Material button to create the material. You will be warned thatcertain material properties were not specified. ClickYes to apply nulldata to the database for these values.

On theMaterials form, you will see thatalum_2090has been created(its name is listed in theExisting Materials box). Also on theMaterials form, theMapped Propertiestextbox lists values for thematerial’s attributes.

Click on theProperties Mapping… button on theMaterials form.The Materials Selector Database Attribute Mapping formappears. As you page down, you will see the properties. (lower leftcorner of form-page up and down)

You will also see twoAttributeoption menus. Click on the left one andyou see four possible picks:Min , Max, Cnt, andUnits. TheMin andMax are the minimum and maximum values of the attribute.Cnt(count) is the number of materials which satisfy the query condition.Units displays the units currently used for the attribute.

To exit theMaterial Selector, change theMethodoption menu on theMaterials form to Manual Input . You will see the material youcreated in theExisting Materials databox.

6. Apply the material to the plate.

Select an Operator and

Attributes E11T

Select an Operator >=

Type in 11E6

Build the Query Command

CNAME like ’*Alum*’ and DENS <=0.1 and E11T >= 11000000

Apply

Properties

ImMaMS

ReMth


Action: Create

Dimension: 2D

Type: Shell

Property Set Name thin_plate

Options Homogeneous


Input Properties...

Material Name m:alum_2090

Thickness 0.1

OK

Select Members Select Entire Model

Add

Apply

File/Quit


PATRAN301ExericseWorkbook-Release7.513-1

LESSON 13

Spatial Variation of PhysicalProperties

Aluminum

Steel

45˚

Radius 1”

Radius 3”

Radius 4”

Objective:

■ To model the variation of physical properties as afunction of spatial coordinates.

13-2 PATRAN 301 Exericse Workbook - Release 7.5

LESSON 13 Spatial Variation of Physical Properties

Model Description:In this exercise you will create a portion of a circular plate whichhas a hole at its center. Due to the model’s symmetry only a 45˚slice of the plate will be modeled. You will also create spatiallyvarying material and physical properties.

1 3 4Radial Distance, r, inches

Thic

kne

ss,

inc

he

s

0.20

0.10

y

xz

surface 1Steel

surface 2Aluminum

1.0” 2.0” 1.0”

45˚

Analysis Code:Element type:Element Global Edge Length:

MSC/NASTRANQuad40.5

Material Constant Description Steel Aluminum

Modulus of Elasticity, E (psi)

Poisson’s Ratio,ν

Density,ρ (lb-sec2/in4)

30E6

0.30

0.0007324

10Ε60.20

0.0002588

Figure 13-1

Table 13-1

PATRAN301ExericseWorkbook -Release7.513-3

ed

th

es

rial

aslar


■ Create a new database namedcircular_Plate.db .

■ Change the Tolerance toDefault and the Analysis Code toMSC/NASTRAN.

■ Create the geometry that represents the 45˚ slice of thecircular plate shown in Figure 13-1.

■ Create the finite element mesh using the information listin Table 13-1.

■ Create a cylindrical coordinate frame whose origin islocated at [0,0,0] and whose R-, T-, Z-axis are aligned withe X-, Y-, Z-axes respectively of the global coordinatesystem.

■ Using the cylindrical coordinate frame, define a spatiallyvarying field namedthickness_spatial , that representsthe model’s thickness. Verify the field by displaying anXY-plot.

■ Create the Isotropic Steel and Aluminum material propertiusing the material constants shown in Table 13-1.

■ Inspect the constitutive (stiffness) matrices, Cijkl , of eachmaterial type.

■ Create the model’s element properties assigning the matetype and element thickness to the correct region of themodel. Use the namesprop_1 andprop_2 for yourelement property definitions.

■ Verify that the spatial variation of the element thickness hbeen assigned correctly to your model by rendering a scaplot of the thickness.



t

ate thecularte model

Exercise Procedure:1. Create aNew Database and name it

circular_Plate.db .

2. Change theToleranceto Default and theAnalysis CodetoMSC/NASTRAN in the New Model Preferencesform.Verify that theAnalysis Type is Structural .

3. Create the geometry that represents the 45˚ slice of thecircular plate shown in Figure 13-1.

Create the 45 degree slice of the circular plate by creating two adjacensurfaces that lie in the global xy-plane. The two surfaces meet alongthe material boundary. See Figure 13-1 of this exercise for the requireddimensions.


New Database Name circular_plate

OK


Tolerance Default



OK

CreCirPla


Mesh the Model

Mesh theModel

When you are finished your model should look like the one shown inthe figure below.

4. Create the finite element mesh using the information listedin Table 13-1.

Finite Elements

Action: Create

Object: Mesh

Type: Surface



Surface List Surface 1, 2

Apply



reate aylindricaloordinaterame

Your model should appear like the one shown below.

5. Create a cylindrical coordinate frame whose origin islocated at [0,0,0] and whose R-, T-, Z-axis are aligned withthe X-, Y-, Z-axes respectively of the global coordinatesystem.

Geometry

Action: Create

Object: Coord

Method: 3Point

Type: Cylindrical

Origin [0, 0, 0]

Point on Axis 3 [0, 0, 1]

Point on the Plane 1-3 [1, 0, 0]

Apply

CCCF


Create a Tabular Spatial Scalar Field

Create aTabularSpatialScalar Field

6. Using the cylindrical coordinate frame, define a spatiallyvarying field namedthickness_spatial , that representsthe model’s thickness. Verify the field by displaying anXY-plot.

In MSC/PATRAN, the Physical property spatial variations arespecified using spatial fields. In this exercise, you will create a tabularspatial scalar field to describe the variation of the plate’s thickness asa function of the radial distance.

Enter the following three sets of points:R=1.0, Value=0.20;R=3.0, Value=0.10;R=4.0, Value=0.10.

To do this, click on the cell you wish to edit, the cursor will appear inthe Input Scalardatabox. Enter the data, and press <Return>. Yourtable should look like this.

Fields

Action: Create

Object: Spatial


Field Name thickness_spatial

Coordinate System Coord 1

Active Independent Variable R

Input Data...

OK



erify thereatedield

At this point, you should verify the created field by using MSC/PATRAN’s XY plot feature.

Your plot should appear like the one shown below. Later you will learnhow to change the titles, colors, line styles, tick marks, and otherattributes of the graph.

Apply

Action: Show

Select Field to Show thickness_spatial

Specify Range...

Use Existing Points

OK

Apply

VCF


Unpost the XY Plot Window

Unpost theXY PlotWindow

Specify theMaterialConstants foAluminumand Steel

Verify theMaterialConstants

To unpost and delete theXY Plot window first click on theUnpostCurrent XYWindow button.

Click on Yes when asked if you are sure you want to delete the XYresult window.

7. Create the isotropic steel and aluminum materialproperties using the material constants shown inTable 13-1.

Repeat the process foraluminum.

8. Inspect the constitutive (stiffness) matrices, Cijkl , of eachmaterial type.

To verify the material constants you have entered, selectShow fromtheAction option menu on theMaterials form.

XY Plot

Action: Delete

Object: XY Window

Existing XY Windows XY Result Window

Apply

Materials

Action: Create

Object: Isotropic


Material Name steel

Input Properties...



Density 0.0007324

Apply

Cancel

Action: Show

Material Name steel

r



pecify thehysicalroperties


To view the component in any cell of the matrix, simply click on thatcell. For example, click on the upper left cell.

9. Create the model’s element properties assigning thematerial type and element thickness to the correct regionof the model. Use the namesprop_1 and prop_2 foryour element property definitions.

The same process must be repeated to specify thealuminum materialproperty forSurface 2 .

10. Verify that the spatial variation of the element thicknesshas been assigned correctly to your model by rendering ascalar plot of the thickness.

In this final step you will create an element fill plot of the specifiedthickness of the plate elements.

Show Properties...

Show Material Stiffness...

Properties

Action: Create

Dimension: 2D

Type: Shell


Input Properties...

Material Name m:steel

Thickness f:thickness_spatial

OK

Select Application Region Surface 1

Add

Apply

Action: Show

Existing Properties Thickness

Display Method Scalar Plot

SPP

CEP


Create an Element Fill Plot

You may need to reset the range to span the actual property range.

Your Viewport will appear as follows.

The viewport may now be reset by clicking on the broom icon in themain window.

Group Filter Default_group

Apply

Display/Ranges...

Fit Results

Calculate

Apply

Cancel

File/Quit



LESSON 14

Analysis Set-up of a StaticAnalysis

Objectives:

■ Review all the steps necessary to build an analysis model.

■ Understand how to setup a static analysis withMSC⁄PATRAN.


LESSON 14 Analysis Set-up of a Static Analysis

Model Description:

In this exercise you will build a complete MSC/PATRANMain Formmodel and set up a static analysis run for MSC/NASTRAN.

3” Dia

Pinned

Fixed

10” x 10” Plate0.20” Thickness

Uniform Pressureof 1000 psi ontop face.

x

y

z

Figure 14-1


Quarter Symmetry Model with mesh seeds.

Number ofElements = 5

L2/L1=2 Number of Elements = 10

surface1

surface2

L2

L1

L1 L2L2/L1=2

Element type:Element global edge length:

Element Properties:Name:Material:Thickness:

Material Constant Description

Modulus of Elasticity, E (psi)Poisson’s ratio,νLinear Elastic Isotropic material

Analysis Code:Analysis Type:Analysis Solution Parameters:Analysis Translator:Analysis Output Requests:

Quad81.0”

Prop1Steel0.2”

29E60.30

Full Run, Linear Static AnalysisLinear StaticText Output 2 formatDisplacements, Element Stresses,Element Strain Energies

MSC/NASTRAN

Name: Steel

Figure 14-2

Table 14-1



t1.

ll


■ Create a new database namedplate_hole.db .

■ Change theTolerance to Default and theAnalysis Code toMSC/NASTRAN.

■ Create the quarter symmetry geometry and finite elemenmesh using the information in Figure 14-2 and Table 14-

■ Equivalence and optimize the entire model. Verify that aelement normals are in the same direction.

■ Define the material and element properties using theinformation in Table 14-1.

■ Assign a uniform pressure namedPressure1 to the topsurface of all elements.

■ Assign the displacement boundary conditions to theappropriate edges of the model. Use the names,disp_lf,disp_rt, disp_tp anddisp_bt for the left, right, top, andbottom displacement boundary condition set names.

■ Prepare the model for a full analysis run using theinformation listed in Table 14-1.

Exercise Procedure:1. Create a new database and name itplate_hole.db .

2. Change theToleranceto Default and theAnalysis CodetoMSC/NASTRAN.


New Database Name plate_hole

OK


Tolerance Default


OK


Create the Geometry

Create theGeometry

3. Create the quarter symmetry geometry and finite elementmesh using the information in Figure 14-2 and Table 14-1.

The surface representing the geometry of the plate is shown below:

4. Create the mesh seeds and mesh the model

For the bottom of the arc change:

Finite Elements

Action: Create

Object: Mesh Seed

Type: One Way Bias

Number = 10

L2/L1 = 2

Curve List Select the bottom edge

Apply

Number = 5



ChangeL2/L1 to -2 and click on the top half of the arc.If necessary,click Apply.

Now mesh the surface

L2/L1 = 2

Curve List Select the bottom halfof the arc

Apply

Action: Create

Object: Mesh

Type: Surface



Mesher IsoMesh

Surface List Surface 1, 2

Apply


Equivalence

Equivalenc

Verify

Your model’s finite element mesh should look like the one shown inthe figure below.

5. Equivalence the entire model. Verify that all elementnormals are in the same direction.

Verify the element normals

Action: Equivalence

Object: All

Method: Tolerance Cube

Apply

Action: Verify

Object: Element

Test: Normals

Display Control Draw Normal Vectors

Apply

e



reate theaterialroperties

You may need to change the view toisometric_viewby clicking onthis icon in the toolbar.

All elements normal must point in the same direction. In this exercisewe choose them to point in the positive Z-direction. If the normals arenot pointing in the same direction there are two methods to reverseelement normals. The first is under Verify/Element/Normals. UnderTest Control click onDisplay Only

This will change toReverse Elements

Select a guiding element that has a normal pointing in the directionyou desire then click onApply. All of the normals will then point inthat same direction.

The second method is found inModify/Element/Reverse. HerePatran will simply reverse the normals of any elements selected.

6. Define the material and element properties using theinformation in Table 14-1.

Guiding Element

Materials

Action: Create

Object: Isotropic


Material Name steel

Input Properties...

Constitutive Model Linear Elastic


CMP


Create the Element Properties

Create theElementProperties

Apply Loadsand BoundarConditions

Create the element property definition for the model.

7. Assign a uniform pressure namedPressure1 to the topsurface of all elements.


Apply

Properties

Action: Create

Dimension: 2D

Type: Shell

Property Set Name prop1

Options Homogeneous


Input Properties...

Material Name m:steel

Thickness 0.20

OK

Select Members Surface 1, 2

Add

Apply

Load/BCs

Action: Create

Object: Pressure

Type: Element Uniform


New Set Name pressure1

Target Element Type 2D

Input Data...

Top Surface Pressure 1000

y



Click on theTri or Quad Element icon in the select menu then screenselect the entire model.

The uniform pressure load is shown below. Of course, the orientationof the pressure load will depend on original orientation of the elementnormals.

OK


Geometry Filter FEM

Select 2D Elements or Edges Select Entire Model

Add

OK

Apply


Apply Loads and Boundary Conditions

8. Assign the displacement boundary conditions to theappropriate edges of the model. Use the names,disp_lf,disp_rt, disp_tp anddisp_bt for the left, right, top, andbottom displacement boundary condition set names.

Using the Table below, define the remaining displacement boundaryconditions.

Action: Create

Object: Displacement

Type: Nodal

New Set Name disp_lf

Input Data...

Translations <0, , >

Rotations <, 0, 0>

OK


Geometry Filter FEM

Select Nodes Select the left edge

Add

OK

Apply

Table 14-2:

Name Translations Rotations Application Region

disp_rt <0,0,0> < > Nodes on right edge.

disp_tp <0,0,0> <0,0,0> Nodes on top edge.

disp_bt <,0,> <0, ,0> Nodes on bottom edge.



et-up thenalysis

When you are finished your model’s displacement boundaryconditions should look like those shown in the figure below.

9. Prepare the model for a full analysis run using theinformation listed in Table 14-1.

Analysis

Action: Analyze

Object; Entire Model

Method: Full Run

Translation Parameters...

SA


Set-up the Analysis

stial

se

Review the form, but do not change its default settings.

In MSC/NASTRAN, the subcases provide a tool to associate loads andboundary conditions, output requests and various other parameterdepending on the solution type selected. These subcases are essento perform portions of a full run like performing nonlinear analysisand analyzing a model with super elements.

Click on the Subcase Create...button, you will notice a subcasealready created. The name of the subcase is the same as the loadcawhich isDefault. This subcase consists of the Default load case, andthe requested outputs that can be inspected by pressing theOutputRequests button.

When done inspecting the form, you may press theCancel buttons.

OUTPUT2 Format: Text

OK

Solution Type...

Solution Type Linear Static

Solution Parameters...

OK

OK

File/Quit



LESSON 15

Using Groups and Lists

Objectives:

■ Build a finite element model that includes elementproperties and boundary conditions.

■ Use lists to identify parts of the model with specifiedattributes.

■ Explore the Group Display mode.

15-2 PATRAN 301 Exercise Workbook -Release 7.5

LESSON 15 Using Groups and Lists


Model Description:

In this exercise you will import or construct a portion of a fairing.Shown below is a drawing of the assembled structure and itsdimensions. Use curves and surfaces to define the fairing geometry.The finite element model will consist of 2-dimensional elements with1-dimensional elements applied at various edges of the geometry. The1-dimensional elements will represent stiffeners for the structure.

120”

40”y

x

x

z

100” Dia

60” Dia

Figure 15-1

the


■ Create a new database and name itfairing.db . SelectDefault for theTolerance and MSC/NASTRAN for theAnalysis Code.

■ Either import the Geometry and Finite Element model fromthe neutral file fairing.out or create the model usingFigure 15-1.

■ Create the points and curves that represent the outline offairing.

Point 1 (XYZ method): [30,0,0];

curve 1 (XYZ method): vector length=<0,120,0>;origin=[50,40,0]

curve 2 (point method): between points 1 and 2.

■ Sweep Curves 1 & 2 through 360o angles about the center-line of the fairing in 4 steps using the Surface Revolvemethod.

Bar2 (horizontal fairing edges)

Material Name Alum_1 Alum_2

Modulus of Elasticity, E (psi)

Poisson’s Ratio,ν

Density,ρ (lb/in3)

1.05E7

0.33

2.6Ε−4

1.18Ε70.33

2.4Ε−4

P3/FEA

Element Types

Quad4 (fairing surface)

Analysis Code

Model Thickness 1.5 - Y/160.

Model Temperature Distribution 200.-(150./160.)X

Table 15-1



ge

-

ts.

-

rt.

d

5-

l

he

ave

a) Seed the circumference of the fairing at the upper edwith 9 nodes per quarter of the circumference.

b) Create non-uniform seed distributions along the vertical edge of the fairing represented by Curve 1 &2..

Curve 1, L2 = 10, L1 = 7

Curve 2, L2 = 7, L1 = 4

c) Create the mesh for the surface using Quad4 elemen

d) Create Bar2 elements along the circumference representing the edges of the upper cylinder of the lowercone.

■ Create a group containing only the finite element model.Name the group FEM. Post only that group to the viewpo

■ Create the materials for the fairing. Materials Alum_1 anAlum_2 will be applied to the top (cylindrical) and bottom(tapered) portions of the fairing respectively. Use Table 11 to define the Material Properties.

■ Define fields that represent the varyingthickness andtemperature distribution. Use Table 15-1 to define thefields.

■ Create the element properties which include the materiadefinitions and the varying thickness. Use the namesProp_1 andProp_2 for the element property names.

■ Define the model’s varying temperature distribution. Use tnameTemperature for the temperature set name.

■ Use Lists and Groups to display the Quad elements that hthe following attributes:

Material:Alum_1 (MATRL.1)

Thickness:> 0.98

Temperature: > 230.0

10˚


tyle

the

Create a new group namedCommon_Quads andadd these elements to that group. Plot thetemperature contours on these elements. ResetGraphics.

■ Post only the group named FEM and change the render sto hidden line (the bars will disappear).

■ Create a group containing only the bar elements. Name groupBARS .

■ Change to group display mode and modify the FEM andBARS render style as follows:

■ Change the render style for the group BARS toWireframe/Accurate.

Exercise Procedure:

1. Create a new database and name it fairing.db . SelectDefault for theTolerance and MSC/NASTRAN for theAnalysis Code.

2. Either import the Geometry and Finite Element modelfrom the neutral filefairing.out or create the modelusing Figure 15-1.

Group Render Style Shade Color Entity Labels

FEM Hidden Line Cyan Off

BARS Wireframe Yellow Off


New Database Name fairing

OK


Tolerance Default


OK



2

reateodeleometry

If you are going to import the Geometry and Finite Element modelof the fairing, perform the following import procedure, then skipto step 11. If you are going to build the fairing model, skip to step3.

RespondYes when asked to continue on theImport Summary form.

To see what was just imported, go toGroup/Modify and look at theMember List. Both geometry (points, curves and surfaces) and finiteelements (nodes and elements) have been imported into thedefault_group. Click onOK to close the form. To see what kinds ofelements were imported, select theFinite Elementsradio button, thenShow/Element/Attributes, highlight all the elements and hitApply.Scroll down through the spreadsheet to see that both Quad4 and Barelements are in the model.

Now create a group containing only the finite element model.

Go to Step 11.

3. Create the points and curves that represent the outline ofthe fairing.

Point 1 [30,0,0];

Curve 1: vector length=<0,120,0>; origin=[50,40,0]

Curve 2: between points 1 and 2.

File/Import...

Object: Model

Source: Neutral

Import File fairing.out

Apply

Group/Create...

New Group Name FEM

Group Contents Add All FEM

Apply

Geometry

Action: Create

CMG


Create Model Geometry

Now you will create curves that represent the profile of the fairing.They will be swept to create the fairing’s surface.

Next change the Method option menu toPoint.


Object: Point

Method: XYZ

Point Coordinate List [30, 0, 0]

Apply

Action: Create

Object: Curve

Method: XYZ


Origin Coordinate List [50, 40, 0]

Apply

Action: Create

Object: Curve

Method: Point

Starting Point List Point 1

Ending Point List Point 2

Apply

3

2

1

1

2



4. Create the fairing from an assembly of quarter circularsurfaces defined by revolving curves 1 and 2 about thefairing’s vertical center line.

Change the viewAngle to 30 0 0


Action: Create

Object: Surface

Method: Revolve

Surface Type PATRAN 2 Convention

Axis Coord 0.2

Total Angle 360

Surface per Curve 4

Curve List Curve 1, 2

Apply

Viewing/Angles...

Angles 30, 0, 0

Apply

Cancel

1

2


Create Mesh Seeds

y

CreateMeshSeeds

5. Create a finite element mesh that has the followingattributes:

Along the circumferential edges create 4 node Quad elements ever10˚

Finite Elements

Action: Create

Object: Mesh Seed

Type: Uniform

Number of Elements

Number = 9

Curve List Select the Upper Circumferen-tial Edges of Surfaces 1 through4. See the figure below

Apply

10˚

X

Y

Z

X

Y

Z

Surface 1.2Surface 2.2

Surface 3.2 Surface 4.2



In the vertical direction (y-direction), define a smoothly transitioningmesh density, the elements along the top of the cylinder are 2.5 timesas large as those along the bottom edge (tapered end) of the fairing.

Now that the seed has been created you will mesh the model.

Action: Create

Object: Mesh Seed

Type: One Way Bias

L1 and L2

L1 = 7

L2 = 10

Curve List Curve 1

Apply

Action: Create

Object: Mesh Seed

Type: One Way Bias

L1 and L2

L1 = 4

L2 = 7

Curve List Curve 2

Apply

Action: Create

Object: Mesh

L2 = 10

L1 = 4

L2/L1 = 2.5


Create Mesh Seeds


Mesh the horizontal (circumferential) edges of each surface with two-noded bar elements.

Type: Surface


Surface List Select All Surfaces

Apply

Action: Create

Object: Mesh

Type: Curve

Element Topology Bar 2

Curve List

X

Y

Z X

Y

Z



g

.

reateroups

Select the surface edges shown below. A hint on selecting theappropriate edges. Set the view to the default, then use click and drapicking technique.

Also you may want to Erase all FEM inDisplay/Plot/Erase...to makethe selection easier.When you are done remember to replot the FEM

Equivalence the Finite Elements to reduce the number of elements byeliminating duplicate nodes.

6. Create a group containing only the finite element model.Name the group FEM. Post only that group to the viewport

Apply

Action: Equivalence

Object: All

Type: Tolerance Cube

Apply

Group/Create...

New Group Name FEM

Unpost All Other Groups

Group Contents Add All FEM

Apply

Cancel

CG


Create Material Properties

CreateMaterialProperties

CreateFields

7. Create the materials for the fairing. Materials Alum_1 andAlum_2 will be applied to the top (cylindrical) and bottom(tapered) portions of the fairing respectively. Use Table15-1 to define the Material Properties.

8. Define fields that represent the varying thickness andtemperature distribution. Use Table 15-1 to define thefields.

Materials

Action: Create

Object: Isotropic


Material Name alum_1

Input Properties...

Constitutive Model: Linear Elastic

Elastic Modulus 1.05E7


Density 2.6E-4

Apply

Action: Create

Object: Isotropic


Material Name alum_2

Input Properties...

Constitutive Model: Linear Elastic

Elastic Modulus 1.18E7


Density 2.4E-4

Apply

Fields



reatelementroperties

9. Create the element properties which include the materialdefinitions and the varying thickness. Use the namesProp_1 andProp_2 for the element property names.

Click on theProperties radio button in theMain Form. Using theinformation on Table 15-1 create element propertiesProp_1 andProp_2 for the top (cylindrical) and bottom (tapered) portions of thefairing respectively. Apply the element properties to the Quadelements. Use thethicknessfield you defined earlier to represent thevarying shell thickness and materialsAlum_1 andAlum_2 for thetop and bottom portions of the model respectively.

Action: Create

Object: Spatial


Field Name thickness

Scalar Function 1.5-’Y/160

Apply

Action: Create

Object: Spatial


Field Name temperature

Scalar Function 200.-(150./160.)*’X

Apply

Properties

Action: Create

Dimension: 2D

Type: Shell




CEP


Create Element Properties

Input Properties...


Thickness f:thickness

OK

Select Members Select the Top Ele-ments of the Model. Seefigure below.

Add

Apply

Action: Create

Dimension: 2D

Type: Shell


X

Y

Z X

Y

Z

Top ElementsElements 1:504

Bottom ElementsElements 505:792



eatemperatureundarynditions

10. Define the model’s varying temperature distribution. Usethe nametemp for the temperature set name.



Input Properties...


Thickness f:thickness

OK

Select Members Select the Bottom Ele-ments of the Model. Seefigure on previous page.

Add

Apply

Load/BCs

Action: Create

Object: Temperature

Type: Nodal

New Set Name temp

Input Data...

Temperature f:temperature

OK


Geometry Filter FEM

Select Nodes Select All Nodes

Add

OK

Apply

CrTeBoCo


Create Lists

CreateLists

Turn off the temperature labels

11. Use Lists and Groups to filter then group the quadelements that have the following attributes:

Material:Alum_1 (MATRL.1 if you imported the model)

Thickness:> 0.98

Temperature: > 230.0

Add to List A the elements which have the Alum_1 (MATRL.1)material as one of their attributes.

Next, you will defineList B to include only the Quad elements thathave athickness greater than 0.98.

Display/Load/BC/El. Props...

Loads/BCs Temperature

Apply

Cancel

Tools/List/Create...

Model: FEM

Object: Element

Method: Attribute

Attribute Material

Existing Materials alum_1

Target List A

Apply

Properties

Action: Show

Existing Properties Thickness

Display Method Scalar Plot

Select Groups FEM

Apply



ntersectists

Next, you will intersect Lists A and B and replace the contents of ListA with the elements found in the intersection.

On the form that appears click on the intersect icon. The form shouldappear as follows:


Model: FEM

Object: Element

Method: Attribute

Attribute Fringe Value

Fringe Tools: default_Fringe

F > 0.98

Target List B

Apply

Tools/List/Boolean...

IL

Boolean List

Operation:

Element 1:54 127:180‘listc’ Contents

Add To Group...

Replace A Replace B

Highlight Cancel

A B

A - B

A B

AB

A B

B - AA + B

A B

Remove From Group...

253:306 379:432Click here


Intersect Lists

e

To transfer the contents of List C to List A, click on theReplace Abutton in theBoolean List form.

List A currently satisfies the first two of our three conditions: Quadelements associated with material Alum_1(MATRL.1)and havingthickness > 0.98.

Now you will perform a final classification of the elements. You willisolate those elements that satisfy the third condition of appliedtemperature load > 230.0.

If you have imported the model from the neutral file, you need toswitch the current load case to Load_Case.1 to be able to select thtemperature boundary condition.

Click on the Clear button in the List B form.

Load/BCs

Action: Plot Contours

Object: Temperature

Existing Sets temp (TEMPN.1.1)

Select Data Variable Temperature

Select Groups FEM

Apply


Model: FEM

Object: Element

Method: Attribute

Attribute Fringe Value

Fringe Tools: default_Fringe

F > 230.0

Target List B

Apply



dd List toroup

In the last portion of this step, you will intersect Lists A and B againto create List C. This will provide you with a list of elements thatsatisfy all 3 of the conditions. You will then put the contents of List Cinto thecommon_quads group.

Click on theintersect icon.

Finally click onGroup in theMain Form.

Tools/List/Boolean...

Add To Group...

Group Name common_quads

Apply

Cancel

Group/Post...

Select Groups to Post common_quads

Apply

AG

A B

AB


Create and Render Groups

Create andRenderGroups

GroupDisplayMethod

In the Load/Boundary Conditions form rerender the temperaturecontours and Your model should appear as follows:

On the Load/Boundary Conditions form, click on the ResetGraphics button.

12. Create two groups by properties containingprop_1 andprop_2 respectively. In this step, you will be introducedto Group display mode concept. You will practice how tochange the display attributes of a group of entities thatrepresents a collection of different entity types (i.e. quadand bar elements). A major usage of this feature isdemonstrated through displaying the same set of entitiesplaced in two different groups in different render styles.

Now to add the contents to the group you must create a list.

Group/Create...

New Group Name prop1_group

Group Contents: Add Entity Selection

Apply


Model: FEM

Object: Element



Next on theList A form select:

Repeat this process. Label the next groupprop2_group and selectprop_2 from theExisting Property Set.Be sure to clearList A beforeyou selectApply on theList Create form.

Change the view toIsometric View 1.

Now render each group with different render styles.

Now that MSC/PATRAN is in group display mode, you can modifyeach group’s display properties individually.

Method: Attribute

Attribute Property Set

Existing Property Sets prop_1

Apply

Add To Group...

Group Name prop1_group

Apply

Cancel


Entity Coloring and Labeling Group

Target Group prop1_group

Render Style Hidden Line

Apply

Target Group prop2_group

Render Style Wireframe

Shade Color: Yellow

Apply


Group Display Method

.

Display each group separately usingGroup/Post... Note how thesame set of entities can be displayed in different render styles. Thisfeature proves to be extremely useful in the results post-processingAn example would be to display different results on the same set offinite elements, such as stress and temperature.

This figure shows both groups posted at once.

File/Quit



LESSON 16

Post Processing of Displacement Results

Objectives:

■ Examine the deformation of the MSC/NASTRAN modelto evaluate the validity of the assumptions made in thecreation of the mesh density and selection of elementtype.

■ Use the “Basic” and “Advanced” results post-processingforms.


LESSON 16 Post Processing of Displacement Results

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Model Description:In this exercise you will examine the analysis results of a clevis model,similar to the one you created during the previous labs, by rendering avariety of deformed shape plots of the model. In particular, you willcreate Deformed, Fringe, and Vector plots of the displacement.


■ Create a new database and name itclevis.db .

■ Change theTolerance to Defaultand the Analysis Code toMSC/NASTRAN.

■ Import the new clevis model and results for this exercise breading the MSC/NASTRAN output2 fileclevis.op2 .

■ Create a deformed shape plot of theDisplacement resultvalues.

■ Turn off the undeformed plot of the clevis model. Changthe orientation of the deformed image of the clevis modelanIsometric view. Render the deformed plot using aHidden Line render style.

■ Return to theDefault view of the clevis model. Increase theDeformation Scale Factor to 0.25.

■ Produce a fringe plot of the displacement in the y-directio(uy). Render the plot with the element edges turned off.

■ Produce a vector plot of the y-component of thedisplacements superimposed on the fringe plot of the clemodel. Change the render style of the clevis model to wframe. Change the vectorScale Factor to 0.25 and use aModel Scale Length.

■ Turn off the result vectors and the spectrum color bar in thviewport.

Exercise Procedure:1. Create a new database and name itclevis.db .

File/New...

New Database Name clevis


Import the model and results

Import themodel and

results

Create aDeformedShape Plot

2. Change theToleranceto Default and theAnalysis CodetoMSC/NASTRAN.

3. Import the new clevis model and results for this exerciseby reading the output2 fileclevis.op2 .

There are two approaches for post processing results in MSC/PATRAN. One approach is to use the multi-purpose (e.g. fringe,deformation, and animate)Quick Plot form. The other is to useresponse type specific forms, e.g. deformation.

These advanced forms, are designed to allow the user more flexibilityon the manipulation and rendering of the model, however this requiresmore user input compared to the Quick Plot form.

4. Create a deformed shape plot of theDisplacementresultvalues.

OK


Tolerance Default


OK

Analysis

Action: Read Output2

Object: Both

Method: Translate

Select Results File...

Selected Results File clevis.op2

OK

Apply

Results

Action: Create

Object: Quick Plot

Select Result Case(s) Load_Case.1.SC1



.


5. Turn off the undeformed plot of the clevis model.

By default the deformed and undeformed plots are superimposedTurn off the undeformed plot usingCreate, Deformation, DisplayAttributes underResults.

To change theDisplay Attributes click on the Display Attributes iconin the results form.

Select Deformation Result Displacements, Translational

Apply

Action: Create

Object: Deformation

Select Result Case(s) Load_Case.1.SC1


Show Undeformed

Apply


Create a Fringe Plot

Create aFringe Plot

Change theviewto Iso 1 Viewby clicking on this icon in the toolbar.

6. Return to theFront view of the clevis model, and increasetheDeformation Scale Factor to 0.25.

Click on theFront View icon from the toolbar.


7. Produce a fringe plot of the displacement in they-direction, (uy). Render the plot with the element edgesturned off.

Scale Factor: 0.25

Apply

Object: Quick Plot

Select Result Cases Load_Case.1.SC1



urn offinitelementdges

The fringe plot of the displacements is shown below.

Next, turn off the display of Finite Element Edges

Select Fringe Result Displacements, Translational

Quantity Y-Component


Apply

Display/Shading ...

Edges Show Edges

Apply

Cancel

TFEE


Turn off Finite Element Edges

With the Element edges turned off your model should look like the oneshown below

Turn the element edge display back on before you start the next step

8. Produce a vector plot of the y-component of thedisplacements superimposed on the fringe plot of theclevis model. Change the render style of the clevis modelto wireframe. Change the vectorScale Factorto 0.25 anduse aConstant Scale Length.

The Displacements can also be displayed as a vector plot. In order touse this option, you must first change theForm TypeCreate, Marker,in theResults form.

Action: Create

Object: Marker

Method: Vector

Select Result Case(s)

Load_Case.1.SC1

Show as Component

XX YY ZZ

Apply



Display aVector Plot

Turn off the Fringe and Deformation plots you created in the previousstep by changing theAction to Post and theObject to Plots. Selectthe vector plot in the Existing Plot Types databox,

9. Adjust the vectors attributes and scale.

Vector Attributes such as color, size, and magnitude scaling can bealtered in the Results, Create, Marker, Vector form. Click theDisplayAttributes button, and then try changing the vector Scale Factor to0.25 using aConstant-Model Scaled Length.Change view toiso 1view.

10. Click on the Display Attributes.

Action: Post

Object: Plots

Existing Plot Types: VEC_default_Vector

Apply

Action: Create

Object: Marker

Method: Vector

Show as Component

Constant

Vector definition

Length: Model Scaled

Anchor Style:

Show vector label

Show on deformed

Apply


Turn off Vector Plot

Turn offVector Plot

The vector plot of the displacements is shown below.

Turn off the vector plot and post the deformed plot.

Do a simple 3D animation of the deformed shape.

Click on the Animation Options button.

Change theAnimate Method to Modal and the Animation Graphicsto 3D.

Action: Post

Object: Plots

Existing Plot Types: DEF_default_Deformation

Apply

Action: Create

Object: Quick Plot

Animate Deformation

Animation Method: Modal

X

Y

Z

1

T

RZ

-.0061

default_Vector :Max .0017 @Node 150Min -.0061 @Node 128



Select the Results Button

Try using the middle mouse button to rotate the model while it isanimating. HitStop Animation when done.

This ends the lesson.Close the database and quit Patran.

Animation Graphics 3D

Number of Frames 15

Apply

Select Result Case(s)

Load_Case.1.SC1


Animate

Apply

File/Quit


Turn off Vector Plot



LESSON 17

Post Processing of Stress ResultsWith Results

Objectives:

■ To post-process stress results from MSC/NASTRAN.

■ To use MSC/PATRAN to create fill and fringe plots todetermine if the analyzed part will meet a customer-defined criteria or whether the part needs to be re-designed and re-analyzed.


LESSON 17 Post Processing of Stress Results

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Model Description:In this exercise, you will examine the stress results of the clevis modelanalyzed using the MSC/NASTRAN code by rendering a variety offringe and element fill plots.


■ Open theclevis.db database created in the previousexercise and turn off the deformed shape.

■ Create a fringe plot of theVon-Mises stress in the clevis.

■ Create and assign a new numerical range to the viewpoUse the name,my_range , and the valuesStart= 22000andEnd=1000 to define the new range containing15subrange levels.

■ Change the results label format to an exponential forma

■ Render an element fill plot of the Von-Mises stresses.

■ Create a Fringe plot of the Maximum Principal Stress forelements 1 through 20 only.

■ Convert the stress tensor results to the scalarσxx, and createa fringe plot of the results with respect to the cylindricalcoordinate system you created when building the clevismodel. Plot the results on all elements.

■ Create a new viewport and name it,view . Create a newgroup containing only finite element entities and name itfem1 . Post the group fem1 in the viewport view. In thedefault_viewport create a fringe plot of theVon-Misesstresses. In the fem1 viewport create a new range (-20000to 20000) and then create a fringe plot of the1st Invariant .

Exercise Procedure:

1. Open theclevis.db database created in the previousexercise and turn off the deformed shape.



OK


Create a Von-Mises Stress Scalar Plot

Create aVon-MisesStressScalar Plot

Select the reset Icon from the System icons menu.

2. Create a fringe plot of theVon-Mises stress in the clevis.

In this step, we will show you how to make Fringe Plots of Von Misesstresses using theQuick Plot and the Fringe forms.

Needless to say, for this simple Fringe Plot, theQuick Plot formrequires minimal input as compared to theFringe forms. But, shouldthe user desire to get more specialized results, theFringe form willprove to be very useful.

Now, let us proceed using theQuick Plot form type.

Turn on the Edge Display

◆ Results

Action: Create

Object: Quick Plot

Select Result Cases: Load_Case.1.SC1

Select Fringe Result: Stress, Tensor

Quantity: Von Mises

Apply

Display/Shading

Show Edges

Apply



reate andpply a Newesultsange

Now, let’s see if the results are different using the Fringe form to plotthe Von Mises stress.

The two plots are identical, as they should be; you are plotting thesame results.

3. Create and assign a new numerical range to the viewport.Use the name,my_range , and the valuesStart= 22000and End=1000 to define the new range containing15subrange levels.

Object: Fringe

Select Result Case(s): Load_Case.1.SC1

Select Fringe Result: Stress Tensor

Quantity: Von Mises

Apply

CARR


Create and Apply a New Results Range

-

By default, MSC⁄PATRAN assigns Result ranges based on the Min/Max values of the result dependent variable currently selected. In thisstep you will create a new range, which varies from 1000 to 22000,and apply this range to the fringe plot posted in the current viewport.

Click on the Display Attributes button.

Then in the Ranges form, make sure the Data Method is set to SemiAuto and set the starting point as 22000 and the end as 1000.

Choose my_range, Post Range to Viewport and click on OK in theSetRange form.

◆ Results

Action: Create

Object: Fringe

Range...

Define Range

Create...

New Range Name: my_range

OK

Data Method: ◆ Semi-Auto

Start: 22000

End: 1000

Calculate

Apply

Assign Target Range to Viewport

Cancel

Set Range: my_range

Post Range to Viewport

OK



ts-seg

r


In theResults form.

Your fringe plot should look like the one shown in the figure below.

4. Render an element fill plot of the Von-Mises stresses.

Fringe plots are based on averaging the stress results of the elemenconnected to a particular node. The averaging operation tends to lowpass filter the results, dampening out large variations of stresses acrosthe elements. Ideally, as the element mesh density becomes finer, thstress jump across the elements will decrease and the averaginoperation will not be so critical. Nevertheless, in general for coarsemeshes one will obtain better accuracy with element fill plots.

In MSC⁄PATRAN, one can individually color-code the elements withrespect to a result attribute known at the center of the element. It hasbeen shown in the finite element literature that the stresses at the cente

Label Style...

Label Format: Exponential

OK

Apply

CEP


Filter Display

s

FilterDisplay

of the element are most accurate provided a 2X2 Gauss integration iused for the numerical integration. In this step, you will create an“Element Fill” plot based on a Von-Mises scalar results.

Now click on the Plot Options icon.

Your Viewport should appear as follows.

5. Create a fringe plot of the maximum principle stress forelements 1 through 20 only.

Action: Create

Object: Fringe

Averaging Definition:

Domain: None

Extrapolation: Average

Apply



MSC⁄PATRAN allows the user to filter the displayed results based onelement ID’s, results range, property type, etc. In this step, you willplot the maximum principal stress for elements 1:20.

Click the Select Results Button

Click on the Target Entities icon

Click on the Plot Options Button

Action: Create

Object: Fringe

Select Result Case(s): Load_Case.1.SC1

Select Fringe Result: Stress Tensor,

Quantity: Max Principal

Target Entity:

Elements

Select Elements: Elm 1:20

Averaging Definition:

Domain All Entities

Apply


Transform Result Coordinate Frame

TransformResultCoordinateFrame

6. Convert the stress tensor results to the scalarσxx, andcreate a fringe plot of the scalar with respect to thecylindrical coordinate system you created when buildingthe clevis model. Plot the results on all elements.

Click on the Select Results Button

Click on the Target Entities button

Action: Create

Object: Fringe

Quantity: X Component

Target Entity: Current Viewport



ate andt Twoerentge Plots

Click on the Plot Options button

Remember to turn on theShow Edge in Display/Shading... form.

7. Create a new viewport, and name it,view . Create a newgroup containing only finite element entities and name it,fem1 . Post the group fem1 in the viewport view. In thedefault_viewport create a fringe plot of theVon-Misesstresses. In the fem1 viewport create a new range (-20000to 20000) and then create a fringe plot of the1stInvariant .

In this final step you will create fringe plots of the Von-Mises andPrincipal stresses in the clevis model. You will post each result type ina different viewport. Both viewports will be posted to the displayscreen. They will contain identical copies of the finite element modelbut different groups and each viewport will be assigned a uniquerange.

Coordinate Transformation: CID

Select Coordinate Frame: Coord 1

Apply

CrePosDiffFrin


Create and Post Two Different Fringe Plots

The first thing to do is to create a Von Mises fringe plot in the existingviewport.


Now, create a new viewport calledview.

Now, create a new group callfem1, containing only FEM.

Now, create a new range calledrange1, spanning from 20,000 to-20,000.

Quantity: Von Mises

Apply

Viewport/Create...

New Viewport Name: view

Apply

Cancel

Group/Create...

New Group Name: fem1

Make Current

Unpost All OtherGroups

Group Contents: Add All FEM

Apply

Cancel

Display/Ranges...

Create...

New Range Name: range1

OK

Data Method: ◆ Semi-Auto




Finally, create a plot of the 1st invariant.

Click on the Display Attributes button.

Start: 20000

End: -20000

Calculate

Apply


Cancel

Quantity: ◆ 1st Invariant

Apply

Range...

Set Range: range1

OK


Create and Post Two Different Fringe Plots

Your display screen should show the following viewports and fringeplots.

File/Quit



LESSON 18

Post-Processing TransientResponse With Results

Objectives:

■ Animate Transient Structural response.

■ Create x-y plots of structural displacement versus time.


LESSON 18 Post-Processing Transient Response

time.

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Model Description:

In this exercise the transient response of a simple plate structure will be displayed overAlso, x-y plots of nodal displacement as a function of time will be created.


■ Create a new database namedplate.db and read in theMSC/NASTRAN model and results file plate_vibration.opin the Analysis form.

■ Select result cases, deformation result type, and resultcomponent in Results, Create, Deformation, Select Resu

■ Specify target entities in Results, Create, Deformation,Target Entities, Target Entity (Current Viewport).

■ Specify deformed color, line style, scale factor(0.25) undResults, Create, Deformation, Display Attributes.

■ Set animation parameter values in Results, Create,Deformation, Animation Options. Experiment with thenumber of frames used to represent the transient motionthe plate structure.

■ Create x-y plot of the nodal degree-of-freedom versus timin Results, Create, Graph, Yvs X, Select Results, TargetEntities.

Exercise Procedure:

1. Create a new database and name itplate .

The viewport (PATRAN’s graphics window) will appear along with aNew Model Preference form. TheNew Model Preference sets allthe code specific forms and options inside MSC/PATRAN.

File/New...

New Database Name: plate

OK


In theNew Model Preference form set theAnalysis Code toMSC/NASTRAN.

2. Import the plate model and results.

Change the view and display by using the following toolbar icon:

Tolerance: ◆ Default



OK

◆ Analysis

Action: Read Output2

Object: Both

Method: Translate


Selected Results File: plate_vibration.op2

OK

Apply

Iso 1 View



Your model should look like the one shown below. Note that thestructure is a simple plate.

3. Select result cases, deformation result type, and resultcomponent in Results, Create, Deformation, SelectResults.

Click the Select Results Button

Click on the Select Result Case(s) button, select subcases.

Set the form, Select Result Case(s) as follows:

◆ Results

Action: Create

Object: Deformation

Filter Method: Global Variable

Values: Range


Note: Do not Click on Apply!

4. Specify target entities in Results, Create, Deformation,Target Entities, Target Entity (Current Viewport)

Click on the Target Entities button

5. Specify deformed color, line style, scale factor(0.25)under Results, Create, Deformation, Display Attributes.

Click on the Display Attributes button

6. Set animation parameter values in Results, Create,Deformation, Animation Options. Experiment with thenumber of frames used to represent the transient motion ofthe plate structure.

Min: 0

Max: 0.04

Filter

Apply

Close

Show As: Component

XX YY ZZ

Animate

Target Entity: Current Viewport

Deformed: choose a color

Line Style: choose a line style

Scale Factor: 0.25



Click on the Animation Options.

In the Animation Control Form change the Animation Sequence

Now try changing the number of frames:

Stop the Animation and reset the graphics.

Click on the Reset Graphics Icon.

7. Create an XY plot of nodal degree of freedom versus time.

Animate By: Global Variable

Select Global Variable: Time

Animation Graphics: ◆ 3D

Number of Frames: 20

Apply

Cycle

Stop Animation

Number of Frames: 10

Apply

Stop Animation

Action: Create

Object: Graph

Method: Y vs X


Click on the Select Results button.

Click on the Target Entities button.

Select the Nodes that are going to be mapped in the xy plot

The XY plot should look like the following:

When done, close the database and quit PATRAN.

Quantity: Z Component

X: Global Variable

Variable: Time

Target Entity: Nodes

Select Nodes: select 2 or 3 nodes

Apply

File/Quit

0. .0070 .0140 .0210 .0280 .0350 .0420

-.2700

-.1800

-.0900

0.

.0900

.1800

.2700

Time

Displacements,

Translational

LEGENDNode 14: Displacements, Translational, ZZNode 42: Displacements, Translational, ZZNode 49: Displacements, Translational, ZZ






LESSON 19

Objectives:

■ Create various Insight tools.

■ Insight Tools Superposition.

Post Processing with Insight


LESSON 19 Post Processing with Insight

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Model Description:In this Exercise you will retrieve a clevis model which was analyzedusing MSC/NASTRAN. You will create various Insight tools todisplay the results of the analysis.


■ Open the database, clevis.db .

■ Create an Insight Isosurface tool of Von Mises stress. Thtool should be defined to have 4 isosurfaces. Define theisosurface attributes to incorporate solid edge display andbe clipped such that the model is rendered shaded belowrange and wire frame above the range.

■ Modify the Isosurface tool making the isosurfaces 90%transparent.

■ Unpost the isosurface and create a Contour tool of the VMises stress.

■ Dynamically change the minimum, maximum, and numbof levels of the current range.

■ Create a new range callednew_range with 12 subranges.Define its start and end to be 1000 and 8000 respectiveModify the viewport’s displayed range to Range1.

■ Unpost the Contour tool and create a new Isosurface toodefined at x-axis coordinate locations. Define the tool tohave 5 isosurfaces located between -5.95 and -1 inclusiThe isosurface color should be White and the model shoube clipped and displayed as free edges above and belowdefined isosurface range.

■ Create a Fringe tool of Von Mises stress and post it on thsecond isosurface tool.

PATRAN301ExerciseWorkbook -Release7.519-3

Exercise Procedure:1. Open the database, clevis.db .

2. Create an Insight Isosurface tool of Von Mises stress. Thetool should be defined to have 4 isosurfaces. Define theisosurface attributes to incorporate solid edge display andto be clipped such that the model is rendered shaded belowthe range and wireframe above the range.

Change the model to an isometric_view.

Click on theInsight radio button in theMain Form.

You should see the MSC/PATRAN viewport close and a moment lateran Insight viewport will open.

File/Open...


OK

Insight



reate ansosurfaceool

The first Insight tool you will create is an Isosurface of constant VonMises stress.

Next, create 4 isosurfaces that fall approximately within the range,3,000 to 13,000.

Select render styles such that your model’s edges appear asShadedfor values less than the selected range and asWireframe for the valueslarger than the selected range.

Action: Create

Tool: Isosurface

Results Selection...

Isosurface Result 3.1-Stress Tensor

Isovalue Setup...

Isovalue 3000

Ending Value 13000

Number of Isos 4

OK

Results Options...

Transform Method Von Mises

OK

Isosurface Attributes...

Clip at Isosurface

< Display: Shaded

> Display: Wireframe

OK

Apply

CIT


Modify an Isosurface Tool

Modify anIsosurfaceTool

Your model should look like the one shown in the figure below.

3. Modify the Isosurface tool making the isosurfaces 90%transparent.

Action: Modify

Tool: Isosurface

Existing Isosurfaces Isos_1


Transparency 0.90

OK

Apply



npost ansosurfaceool

reate annsightontourool

Your isosurfaces should now look like the one shown below.

4. Unpost the isosurface and create a Contour tool of the VonMises stress.

5. Next, you will create an Insight contour tool.

Insight Control/Post/Unpost Tools...

Select None

Apply

Cancel

Action: Create

Tool: Contour


Contour Results Stress Tensor

OK

UIT

CICT


Using and Displaying Different Ranges

nt

Using andDisplayingDifferentRanges

This creates the contour tool,Contour_1. Your first contour toolshould look like the one shown in the figure below.

6. Dynamically change the minimum, maximum, andnumber of levels of the current range.

Now, try changing the slider bars which dynamically will change thedisplayed results range. Change theForm Actionsback to UponApply before continue.

By default, theActive Range Methodis set toAuto. The Auto rangeassigns the spectrum range based on the result range of the curretool. UnderInsight Control/Range Control…, you can change theminimum and maximum values of the range and the number of levelsin the range by moving theMin., Max., and Levelsslide bars. You canalso enter values into theMin., Max., and Levelsdataboxes. Make thefollowing changes to theRange Control form.

Apply

Insight Control/Range Control...

From Actions Immediate

Min. 8000

Max. 20000



e

reate aecond

sosurfaceool

Your Contour Tool should look like the one shown in the figure below.

When you click onViewport in theActive Range Method box(do thisnow), the range associated with the viewport is posted. In this case, thstandard range is the active range in the viewport.

7. Unpost the Contour tool and create a new Isosurface tooldefined at x-axis coordinate locations. Define the tool tohave 5 isosurfaces located between -5.95 and -1 inclusive.The isosurface color should be White and the modelshould be clipped and displayed as free edges above andbelow the defined isosurface range.

Levels 10

Apply

Cancel


Select Tools to Post UnhighlightContourTool

Apply

CSIT


Create a Second Isosurface Tool

You are going to create anIsosurface tool defined at coordinatelocations and then create and target aFringe tool on theIsosurfacetool.

Cancel

Action: Create

Tool: Isosurface

Isosurface Value Coord

Coordinate Selection...

Existing Coordinate FrameAxes

R- CoordinateFrame(0)

Coordinate Axis X-Axis

Number of Isos 5

Starting Value -5.95

Ending Value -1.0

OK


Color: White

Clip at Isosurface

< Display: Free Edge

> Display: Free Edge

OK

Apply



reate aringe Toolosted on anosurface

Your second isosurface tool should look like the one shown below.

8. Create a Fringe tool of Von Mises stress and post it on thesecond isosurface tool.

Action: Create

Tool: Fringe


Fringe Results Stress Tensor

OK

Target Isosurfaces

Target Isosurfaces Isos_2

Apply

CFPIs


Create a Fringe Tool Posted on an Isosurface

Your Fringe tool should look similar to the one shown below.

File/Quit


LESSON 20

Transient and ModalAnimation

Objectives:

■ Introduce the user to insight animation tools.

■ Perform standard and quick modal animation.

■ Perform transient animation.



LESSON 20 Transient and Modal Animation with Insight

e

h

he

Model Description:In this exercise you will examine the analysis results of a beam modelby creating deformed shape plots. You will perform a simple modalanimation as well as transient animation with respect to ten calculatedmode shapes of a tower.


■ Create a new database and name itMod_insight .

■ SetNew Model Preference toleranceto Default and set theanalysis code to MSC/NASTRAN.

■ Import the Neutral fileanimation.out .

■ UseDisplay/Entity Color/Label/Render to turn off allentity labels.

■ UseView/Named View Options to select theisometricview.

■ Read in the results from an MSC/NASTRAN normal modanalysis. The results can be found inNormal_modes.op2 file.

■ In Insight, create a deformation tool of the first modalfrequency. UsePreferences/Insight to select a wireframedisplay of the model.

■ Enable this deformation tool for sinusoidal animation wit10 frames.

■ Unpost the tool usingInsight Control/Post/Unpost Tools.Create a quick modal animation tool for the fifth mode.

■ Unpost the second deformation tool.

■ Create a transient animation of all modes with respect to tglobal variable frequency.

■ Unpost the tool.


Open a NewDatabase

Import aNeutral file

Exercise Procedure:

1. Create a new database. Set the new model preferences bychoosing the geometric tolerance and the analysis codeand type.

Open a new database and call itMod_insight .

In the New Model Preferences form set the geometrictolerance to default, which is .005 units. Set the analysis toMSC/NASTRAN-structural.

2. The finite element model along with the geometry will beimported from a PATRAN 2 neutral file,animation.out .

A summary that includes information such as the date theneutral file was originated and a path are displayed in amessage window. To continue respond with affirmative.

File/New...

New Database Name: Mod_insight

OK

Tolerance: Default



OK

File/Import...

Object: Model

Source: Neutral

Import File: animation.out

Apply

Question fromapplicationNEUTOLD

Yes



hangeisplay

ad insults File

3. Modify the display of the model by orienting the model inan isometric view.

Change the view to isometric by selecting the Iso 1 view.

The model should now look like the one below.

4. A normal modes analysis has been performed on the towerusing MSC/NASTRAN solution 103. The results fromthis analysis is available in an OP2 file.

Read in the normal modes fromNormal_modes.op2 .

◆Analysis

Action:

Object:

Method:


Selected Results File: Normal_modes.op2

OK

CD

Y

Z X

Y

Z

ReRe

Read Output2

Result Entities

Translate


CreateDeformationTool

DisplayPreferences

5. Create an insight deformation tool. The deformation toolwill be later used to perform the modal animation. Thisstep is part of the standard approach to performinganimation of results, essentially, modal animation.

Create a deformation tool of the first frequency.

6. Change the appearance of the model by changing itsrender style to wireframe. This step is rather a matter oftaste.

Apply

◆ Insight

Action:

Tool:


Current Load Case(s): 4.1-DEFAULT, Mode 1: Frequency =938.732

Update Results

Deformation Result: 2.1-Eigenvectors,Translational

OK

Apply

Preferences/Insight

Display Method:

Apply

Cancel

Create

Deformation

Wireframe



ableimation

The model should now look like the one below

7. In order to be able to animate insight tools, the tools mustbe prepared for this purpose. This is done by setting theanimation attributes such that the animation is enabled.

It is more common to set the animation attributes during the toolcreation stage in the results selection form. However, for the sakeof clarity, it has been done in a separate step for this exercise.

Now enable the animation for the tool previously created. Toselect the deformation toolDF-Deform_1you need to highlightits name in theNon-Animation Toolslist box. The sinusoidanimation performs the animation based on the calculated modeshape multiplied by a sine function that varies between 1 and -1.

Insight Control/Animation Control...

Setup...

Animation mode: Animate Tools - 3D

Non-Animation Tool(s):

Animation Attributes: Enable Animation

Animation Type: Sinusoid

OK

EnAn

DF-Deform_1


UnpostAnimation

The animation is done based on carrying the simulationthrough 10 frames.

The difference between the animation methods is thatbounce will do the animation in a complete cycle (firstframe through the last, then last back to first.) The cyclemethod will do the animation in one direction only. Trythem both to feel the difference.

Note that the system’s response depends on the platformand the networking arrangement. After pressing the pauseswitch, it may take a while for the system to respond. In theAnimation Control form select

8. Stop the animation and prepare for the next step.

In theAnimation Control form clear the animation.

Next, we will unpost the current tool.

In the Post/Unpost Tools form:

Frames:

Animate

Pause/Stop Animation

Animation Method: Cycle

Animation Speed: Set the Slide bar to 50%



Clear

Question from ApplicationINSIGHT:

Yes

OK


Select None

Apply

10



odalimation

9. A quick modal animation can be performed using a utilitydesigned for this purpose.

In the previous step we did the modal animation using thestandard procedure which involved creating a tool, setting up theanimation details and performing the animation. Here, a modalanimation tool will be created immediately.

In theResults Selection form, select the fifth mode.

MSC/PATRAN will then display the animation.

The 2D animation mode displays the animation only in theplane it was created in. In contrast, the 3D animation modeallows the rotation of the model, using the middle mousebutton, to view the animation from different view point.

Cancel

Insight Control/Modal Animation...


Current Load Case(s) 4.5-DEFAULT, Mode 5: Frequency =4153.65

Update Results

Deformation Result 2.1-Eigenvectors, Translational

OK

Animate mode: ◆ 3D

Animate

MAn


Unpost Tool

TransientAnimationSetup

10. Clear the animation and unpost the animation tool fromdisplay.

PressCancel in the Modal Animation form. Also, you mayunpost the animation tool just created.

In the Post/Unpost Tools form:

11. Next, we will perform transient animation with respect tothe calculated natural frequencies of the system.

Transient animation can be performed with respect toglobal variables defined in MSC/PATRAN. Time,frequency and load cases are examples of these globalvariables.

When selecting the modes in the current load casesdatabox, one needs to highlight all modes that will be partof the animation. The global variable at which theanimation is done with respect to is the frequency.

Select None

Apply

Cancel

Action: Create



ntrolimation

On theResults Selection form:.

In theAnimation Attributes form:

In the Results Selection form:

In the Insight Imaging form:

12. Start the transient animation.

Animation setups such as mode, number of frames and methodcan be set at this stage. After performing the instruction below,try to experiment with the setting to gain familiarity with thisfeature.

On theAnimation Setup form:

Tool:


Current Load Case(s): Select all 10 Modes

Update Results

Deformation Result: 2.1 Eigenvectors, Translational

Animation Attributes

Enable Animation

Animation Type: Global Variable

Global Variable:

OK

OK

Apply

Insight Control/Animation Control...

Setup...

Frames:

Animate

Deformation

Frequency

CoAn

10


UnpostAnimation

CloseDatabase

13. Stop the animation by un-posting the tool.

Refer to step 8 for details on how to clear the display andunpost the animation tool.

14. Terminate the session.

Stop insight by clicking on the insight radio button on the mainmenu.

Close database and quit MSC/PATRAN to complete thisexercise.

File/Quit



LESSON 21

Post-Processing ofTime-Dependent Results

X

Y

Z

49.26

18.70

49.26

47.23

45.19

43.15

41.11

39.07

37.04

35.00

32.96

30.92

28.89

26.85

24.81

22.77

20.73

18.70 default_Fringe :Max 49.26 @Node 172Min 18.70 @Node 1759

Objectives:

■ Examine the results of a transient thermal analysis.

■ Create Fringe and X-Y Plots.


LESSON 21 Post-Processing of Time-Dependent Results

rings

/

the

r.

Model Description:

In this exercise you will examine the analysis results of the microcircuit model by rendea variety of plots of the model. You will perform a transient animation. The model waanalyzed using MSC/THERMAL.


■ Create a new database namedmicrocircuit.db .

■ Change theToleranceto Default and the Analysis CodetoMSC/THERMAL .

■ Import the neutral filemicrocircuit.out . Change themodel view to an isometric view, set the render style toHidden Line, and turn off all the entity labels.

■ Read into the Microcircuit database the following five MSCTHERMAL result files,nr1.nrf.01, nr2.nrf.01,nr3.nrf.01, nr4.nrf.01 andnr5.nrf.01 .

■ Create Fringe Plots of the Temperature values for all theimported result files.

■ Create the Spectrum range,range_1 , where the range’smaximum and minimum values are62and18, respectively.Create the Fringe plots of the Temperature values usingRange_1 result range.

■ Create an XY-Plot of Temperature versus Time for threeNode point locations.

■ Modify the XY-Plot by changing the Legend size andlocation so the curve titles will lie inside the Legend bordeChange the Legend Title toTemperature versus LoadCase Index .

Exercise Procedure:

1. Create a new database and name itmicrocircuit .

File/New...

New Database Name: microcircuit



In theNew Model Preference form set theAnalysis Code toMSC/THERMAL.

2. Import the neutral filemicrocircuit.out . Changethe model view to an isometric view, set the render style toHidden Line, and turn off all the entity labels.

First, import the neutral file.

A confirmation window will appear. MSC/PATRAN echoes the titleline of the selected file and queries if this is the correct file. ClickYes.

A message will appear asking if neutral file should be committed toPATRAN3 database. ClickYes.

Change the view and display by using the following toolbar icons:

OK


Analysis Code: MSC/THERMAL

Analysis Type: Thermal

OK

File/Import...

Object: Model

Source: Neutral

Neutral Files: microcircuit.out

Apply

Yes

Yes

Iso 1 View Hidden Line




3. Read into the microcircuit database the following fiveMSC/THERMAL result files:nr1.nrf.01, nr2.nrf.01,nr3.nrf.01, nr4.nrf.01andnr5.nrf.01 .

◆ Analysis

Action: Read Result

Object: Result Entities


Filter: ./*.nrf.*

Filter

Available Files: nr1.nrf.01

X

Y

Z X

Y

Z


ore

Perform this operation for the remaining four remaining results files:nr2.nrf.01, nr3.nrf.01,nr4.nrf.01 andnr5.nrf.01 .

Note: You will only have to select the new result file and not thetemplate file since MSC/PATRAN will use the previous template.

4. Create Fringe Plots of the Temperature values for all theimported result files.

Results of a transient analysis are stored as separate result cases feach time step. For example, if a transient run contains 1000 steps thMSC⁄PATRAN database will contain 1000 result cases.

OK

Select Rslt Template File...

Files: pthermal_1_nodal.res_tmpl

OK

Apply

/dallas/users/gamel/pf/forms/.

Select File

Directories

OK Filter Cancel

Available Files

/dallas/users/gamel/pf/forms/./dallas/users/gamel/pf/forms/.

Filter

/dallas/users/gamel/pf/forms/*.nrf.*

Selected Results File

nr2.nrf.01nr3.nrf.01nr4.nrf.01nr5.nrf.01

nr1.nrf.01

/dallas/users/gamel/pf/forms/nr1.nrf.01



You will create a Fringe plot of the Temperature values for each of thetime steps.

5. Click on the Animation Options.

6. Click on the Select Results.

When done viewing animation, stop animation and deselect theanimation button.

◆ Results

Action: Create

Object: Fringe

Select Result Case(s)... Select All Result Cases

Select Fringe Result... Temperature

Animation Method: Global Variable

Select Global Variable: Load Case Index

Number of Frames: 5

Interpolation: None

Animate

Apply

Animate


Slow animation if necessary. Stop animation when ready. Check offthe animation button to disable animation. The model should looksimilar to the one shown in the figure below.

7. Click on the Display Attributes button.

8. Create the Spectrum range,range_1 , where the range’smaximum and minimum values are62 and 18,respectively. Create Fringe plots of the Temperaturevalues once again usingrange_1 .

Range...

Define Range

Create...

New Range Name: range_1

OK

Start: 62

End: 18

X

Y

Z

25.01

61.13

61.13

58.72

56.32

53.91

51.50

49.09

46.68

44.28

41.87

39.46

37.05

34.64

32.24

29.83

27.42




y

9. Create an XY-Plot of temperature versus time for threenode point locations.

MSC/PATRAN allows you to plot transient results in the form ofXYplots. In these plots the X-axis is either time or frequency, and theY-axis is a dependent variable such as temperature. Create one bdoing the following:

10. Click on the Target Entities button.

Calculate

Apply


Cancel

Set Range: range_1

Post Range to Viewport

OK

Action: Create

Object: Graph

Method: Y vs X

Select Result Case(s) ... select all cases

Y: Result

Select Y Result: Temperature

X: Global Variable

Variable: Load Case Index

Target Entity: Nodes

Node IDs: see picture below


’
Select the three nodes shown in the figure below. The selected nodesID’s are 319, 199 and 1716.
Apply

Select theseNodes

X

Y

Z

49.26

18.70

62.00

59.07

56.13

53.20

50.27

47.33

44.40

41.47

38.53

35.60

32.67

29.73

26.80

23.87

20.93




Your XY-Plots should look like the ones shown below.

The curves become a part of your database.

11. Change the x-axis scale so the numbers shown is the LoadCase Number.

◆ XY Plot

Action: Modify

Axis: Axis

Scale...

Number of Primary Tick Marks: 6

Apply

Cancel

0. .8500 1.700 2.550 3.400 4.250 5.100

0.

6.000

12.00

18.00

24.00

30.00

36.00

Temperature,

LegendNode 319: Temperature

Node 1376: Temperature



12. Modify the XY-Plot by changing the legend size andlocation so the curve titles will lie inside the legend border.Change the legend title toTemperature versus LoadCase Index .

The new XY-Plot is shown below

The XY Window and all its attributes are stored in the database.

◆ XY Plot

Action: Modify

Object: Legend...

X Location (%): 47

Y Location (%): 13

Text: Temperature versus LoadCase Index

Apply

Cancel

0. 1.000 2.000 3.000 4.000 5.000

0.

6.500

13.00

19.50

26.00

32.50

39.00




Temperature vs Load Case Index



13. Unpost the XY Window.

The XY Window should disappear from the screen. In future shouldyou wish to re-display this XY Window, you would simply re-post it.No need to read in template and XY data files, everything is stored.

When done, close the database.

Action: Post

Object: XY Window...

Post/Unpost XY Windows: deselect window by <ctrl>clicking onResults Graph

Apply

File/Quit




LESSON 21

Importing a PATRAN 2.5Model into P3

Objectives:

■ Read a PATRAN 2.5 neutral file into P3.

■ Import PATRAN 2.5 result files into your P3 database.

■ Work with multiple load cases.


LESSON 21 Importing a PATRAN 2.5 Model into P3

I

ts.

f

of:

Model Description:In this Exercise we will read in a neutral file containing a model of abellows expansion joint. The neutral file contains Phase I and Phase Iinformation, as well as GFEG and CFEG tables, two namedcomponents: PH1 and PH2, a pressure load, and 3 displacement seAfter verifying input of the model and viewing the various loadingconditions, we will import PATRAN 2.5 formatted results files.


■ Create a new database with analysis code preference oABAQUS and name itbellows.db .

■ Read in the neutral filebellows.out .

■ Post only the group namedPH2 and make it current.

■ Create Load Cases to correspond to analysis conditions

Symmetry conditions (Displacement set 1000) plus apressure load (Pressure set 100),

Enforced displacement in the global y-direction(Displacement set 2000), and

Enforced displacement in the axial direction(Displacement set 3000).

■ Plot markers to verify loads and boundary conditions.

■ Inspect element and material properties.

■ Import PATRAN 2.5 displacement result filesbellows_stp1i1.dis.1 ,bellows_stp2i1.dis.1 ,bellows_stp3i1.dis.1 .

■ View the imported results.

Exercise Procedure:

1. Create a new database. Name itbellows.


Typep3 in your xterm. TheMain WindowandCommand Windowwillappear.


In the New Model Preference form set theAnalysis CodetoABAQUS.

2. Read in the neutral file bellows.out.

Prior to reading in the neutral file, we’ll define the display attributeswe want. Use the following toolbar icons:

Recall that in PATRAN 2.5 element properties were code specific andthe 2.5 neutral file records for element properties were not directlymapped to any particular property name. Therefore we will check allproperties created for our property sets as part of this exercise.

File/New...

New Database Name: bellows

OK


Analysis Code: MSC/ABAQUS


OK

File/Import...

File Name: bellows.out

Apply

Iso 1 View Display lines



s

d

Your model should appear as shown below.

3. Post only the group namedPH2 and make it current.

To check which groups have been created, do the following:

The groups in your model are: default_group, and named componentPH1 and PH2.

4. Create three load cases: one for symmetry, one forenforced y-displacement, and one for enforced axialdisplacement.

The first load case corresponds to all displacements of set 1000 anpressures of set 100.

Group/Post...

Select Groups to Post: PH2

Apply

Cancel

◆ Load Cases


Description: Symmetry conditions in the circumferentialdirection, symmetry conditions in axialdirection on free edge of shell elements,translational axial constraint on free face ofsolid elements, internal pressure of 55 psi

You will select theLoad BC’s to add to the spreadsheetuntil all of theDISPL.1000 andPRESS.100 appear as on the form bellow.

Action: Create

Load Case Name: step_1

Description: enter the text shown below

Assign/Prioritize Load/BCs



Note: You can use click and drag to highlight the LBC’s, but be verycareful not to select any of the LBC’s more than once. Eachtime you select it will increase the scale factor by the magnitudein the Selection Multiplier. If you accidentally select a LBCmore than once simply change the LBC Scaling Mode toOverwrite and reselect. When your Assign/Prioritize Load/BC’s form looks like the one on the previous page you mayproceed.

To view the Load/BC’s you just prioritized go toLoad/BC’s on themain form.

Ok

Apply

◆ Load/BC’s


Current Load Case: step_1

Assigned Load/BC Sets: hold down shift to select onlythe displacements

Select Groups PH2

Apply


e

Your model should now appear as shown below:

The second load case corresponds to all displacements of set 2000. Bsure to deselect all the LBC’s you picked in step 1.

Description: Enforced displacement of 0.5 inches in theglobal y-direction applied to every point onsolid elements

Action: Create




Remove All Rows



You will select theLoad BC’s to add to the spreadsheetuntil all of theDISPL.2000 appear as on the form bellow.

To view the any combination of the loads you have applied repeat thesame step as you did forstep_1.

The third load case corresponds to all displacements of set 3000.

Ok

Apply

Action: Create


Description: Enforced displacement of 0.5 inches in theaxial direction on the free face of solidelements symmetry conditions in thecircumferential direction, symmetryconditions in axial direction on free edge ofshell elements

You will select theLoad BC’s to add to the spreadsheetuntil all of theDISPL.3000 appear as on the form bellow.




Remove All Rows



5. Inspect the element and material properties

First check the material definitions in the model.

Inspect the properties that appear. Then check the second material.

The displayed properties give information similar to PATRAN 2.5’sPMAT,#,SHOW. In the next step you will color-code the elementsbased on their associated materials.

Now check the element property definitions in the model.

Ok

Apply

◆ Materials

Action: Show

Existing Materials MATRL.1

Show Properties...

Action: Show

Existing Materials MATRL.2

Show Properties...

◆ Properties

Action: Show

Select Property: Material Name

Display Method: Scalar Plot

Select Groups: PH2

Apply


Your model should appear as shown below:

To reset the graphics before you perform the next step, click on thefollowing main form icon:

There are beam elements in this model. To verify their orientationperform the following steps:

Action: Show

Select Property: Definition of XY Plane

Display Method: Vector Plot

Select Groups: PH2

Apply

Reset Graphics



Your model should now appear as shown below:

To reset the graphics before you perform the next step, click on thefollowing main form icon:

This procedure is like a RUN,YBEAM in PATRAN 2.5. To performthe equivalent of a PROP,#,SHOW, which shows the actual value ofthe point used to define the beam’s XY-plane, complete thefollowing steps:

In theModify Propertiesfrom scroll down toDefinition of XY Plane.You can now see that the beam XY-plane is defined by the planepassing through the beam longitudinal axis (default) and the vectoremanating from the beam origin in the vector direction <1,0,0>.

Highlight each remaining property set and inspect its correspondingproperties.

Action: Modify

Select Prop. Set to Modify: P_SET.100

Reset Graphics


To close theElement Properties from, click the following:

6. Import the PATRAN 2.5 displacement result files:bellows_stp1i1.dis.1,bellows_stp2i1.dis.1,bellows_stp3i1.dis.1

A Template for PATRAN 2.5 Import Results form will bedisplayed.

Templates are necessary because PATRAN 3 refers to result-typesby name whereas PATRAN 2.5 simply understandscolumnnumbers. The templates are the assignment map for the result-typename to the data in each column. Templates are selected to providethe mapping for the various analysis codes (in this exerciseABAQUS).

◆ Properties

File/Import...

Object Results

Format: PATRAN2.dis.*



d

Selectabaqus_dis.res_tmpl, and click on theOK button.

On the Import form select the displacement result file,bellows_stp1i1.dis.1

Now that you have imported the first results file, import the second aswell using theFile/Import procedure used above.

To import results for the third and final load case, you could repeat theabove procedure or you could use a technique that is frequently usewith PATRAN 2.5. In PATRAN 2.5 you could recall previouscommands, edit and resubmit them. By performing the following stepsyou can also do this in P3.

The Main Form contains both ahistory window and acommandline. Previously submitted commands can be accessed by clicking onthem in the history window. This copies the command to the commandline, where it can be edited and submitted.

OK

PATRAN 2.5 .dis Files: bellows_stp1i1.dis.1

Apply

Template for PATRAN 2.5 Import Results

/patran/patran3/res_templates/../patran/patran3/res_templates/.Directories

/patran/patran3/res_templates/*.res_tmpl

Filter

Template File

- OK - Filter Cancel

abaqus_els.res_tmplabaqus_els_noshell.res_tmplabaqus_nod.res_tmplabaqus_nod_noshell.res_tmplabaqus_vel.res_tmpl

abaqus_acc.res_tmplFiles

abaqus_dis.res_tmpl

/patran/patran3/res_templates/abaqus_dis.res_tmpl


In the history window portion of theMain Form, click on thecommand used to import resultsresold_import_results. The linemoves down into the command line portion of the window.

Change the “2” in bellows_stp2i1.dis.1 to a “3”

Hit carriage return.

You have now completed reading in displacement results for all threeof our load cases. Next you will view them.

7. View the imported Results.

Select any result case, pick any deformation result, and clickApply.

View as many results as you wish. When done, close the database.

This ends the exercise.

◆ Results

Action: Create

Object: Quick Plot

Apply

File/Close

uil_app_results.set_update_display()

uil_app_results.set_update_display()

resold_import_results(“/usr/people/pat301/pat301_exercises/bellows_stp3i1.dis.1”,”D”,1E-

resold_import_results(“/usr/people/pat301/pat301_exercises/bellows_stp2i1.dis.1”,”D”,1E-

Edit the filename to bebellows_stp3i1.dis.1

Click on this line in thehistory window to move acopy to the command line


Computer-Based Modeling for Design and Analysis with MSC.PATRAN.pdf

Documents

n access mscpatran

mscpatran relea

operation of mscpatran

mscpatran ghosts

whening mscpatran

main form

prepared session file

new model preferences