Computer Architecture Programming Languages and Operating ...ucerd.com/my_uploads/course/ITC/computer_arch_os.pdf · Computer Architecture Programming Languages and Operating System

Computer Architecture Programming Languages and Operating System

Tassadaq HussainRiphah International University

Islamabad PakistanMicrosoft Barcelona Supercomputing Center

Universitat Politécnica de CatalunyaBarcelona, Spain

Short Intro

PhD BarcelonaTech Barcelona 2014

Masters ISEP Paris 2009

B.Sc. (Electrical Engineering), RIU Islamabad 2005

A Generic System

Basic Requirements

Hardware Architecture Software Application Resource Management

5

Hardware Architecture Processors Buses Memories

6

Functional units of a computer

I/O Processor

Output

MemoryInput

Control

Arithmetic & Logic

Instr1Instr2Instr3Data1Data2

Input unit accepts information:•Human operators,•Electromechanical devices•Other computers

Output unit sends results of processing:•To a monitor display,•To a printer

Arithmetic and logic unit(ALU):•Performs the desired operations on the inputinformation as determined by instructions in the memory

Control unit coordinates various actions•Input,•Output•Processing

Stores information:•Instructions,•Data

Data Memvoid main ()

{}

Processor

Main Memory

Prog Mem

Local Bus

External Bus

DedicatedHardware GPIOs

Analog World

8

Basic introduction of Microprocessor

Function Inputs A Input B Output

0 A B A+B

1 A B A-B

9

Processor: Performance Improvement

Instruction Level ParallelismTask Level ParallelismData Level Parallelism

10

Speed and Performance

Fetch Decode

Execute Fetch

Decode E

xecute

11

Processor Architectures

Single Instruction Single Data (SISD) Single Instruction Multiple Data (SIMD) Multiple Instruction Single Data (MISD) Multiple Instruction Multiple Data (MIMD)

12

Performance Improvement

Bit Level Parallelism Parallelism at Multi Function Level Thread Level Parallelism

13

Uni-core, Multi-core CPUs, Clusters, and Grid Computing

Interconnection Network

14

Grid Computing

15

Memories

System on Chip Computer Architecture

A system on a chip or system on chip (SoC) is an integrated circuit (IC) that integrates all components of a computer or other electronic system into a single chip. It may contain digital, analog, mixed-signal, and often radio-frequency

functions—all on a single chip substrate.

The hardware system architecture of an embedded SoC (simplified)

Basic System on Chip Architecture

General architecture of today's embedded core-based system-on-a-chip

Programming Languages

Provides a set of grammatical rules (function calls) for instructing a computer to perform specific tasks.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_programming_languages

Operating System

An operating system (OS) manages computer hardware and software resources. It includes:

1) Task manager2) Memory manager3) Device manager4) File manager5) Network manager

Operating System: Blocks

Hardware Architecture

A general hardware-software codesign methodology

Forces on Computer Architecture

ComputerArchitecture

Technology ProgrammingLanguages

OperatingSystems

History

ApplicationsIdea/Problem

Introduction to Programming#include "stdio.h"

int main(){printf("welcome to RIU");return 0;

}

Single Board Open source System

Evaluation Marks C/C++ Compiler installation (2) Programming, write problems discussed in

classroom (5) Write a new application and learn more (3)

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