Computer Application Anxiety, Self-Efficacy and Open Source Learning Management System Acceptance Norshidah Mohamed, PhD http :// www.ibs.utm.my Nor Shahriza Abdul Karim, PhD International Business School Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Kuala Lumpur, MALAYSIA 1 st International Conference on Digital Services, Internet and Applications (DSIA '12) Singapore 11 – 13 May 2012
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Computer Application Anxiety, Self-Efficacy and Open Source Learning Management System Acceptance
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Computer Application Anxiety, Self-Efficacy and Open Source Learning Management System Acceptance
Norshidah Mohamed, PhDhttp://www.ibs.utm.myNor Shahriza Abdul Karim, PhDInternational Business SchoolUniversiti Teknologi MalaysiaKuala Lumpur, MALAYSIA
1st International Conference on Digital Services, Internet and Applications (DSIA '12)
• Introduction• Problem formulation• Solution• Conclusion
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INTRODUCTION
• The Internet • Learning takes place anywhere and anytime• Before, systems require years to be
implemented• Now, with open source software new systems
can be implemented in a day• Some examples of Open Source Learning
Management Systems: Moodle, Sakai Project and Claroline
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INTRODUCTION .. Cont’
• Benefits of open source software implementation from educational policy makers’ perspective: ominimal spending on time / efforts in
system development and implementationofacilitating ease in interactions between
students and instructors oreducing costs for paper-based materials
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PROBLEM FORMULATION
• Open source software presents quick benefits to educators and educational policy makers•May pose challenges on acceptance to
students as users
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PROBLEM FORMULATION .. Cont’
• Research question: Do computer application anxiety and self-efficacy correlate to system acceptance?
• Research objective: To explore the relationship between computer application anxiety, self-efficacy and acceptance of open source learning management system.
SOLUTION
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RESEARCH MODEL
Computerapplication
anxiety
Perceivedusefulness
Perceivedease of use
Intention to use
SYSTEM ACCEPTANCE
Selfefficacy
H1a
H1b
H1c
H2a
H2b
H2c
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THEORETICAL BASIS
• Computer anxiety (Heinnsen et al. 1987)• Social cognitive theory (Bandura 1986;
1989; 1995)• Technology acceptance model (TAM)
(Davis, 1989; Davis et al. 1989)
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DEFINITIONS USED IN THE STUDYConstructs Definitions
Intention to use A person’s decision on a specific behavioral outcome (Fishbein & Ajzen, 1975; Ajzen & Fishbein, 1980)
Perceived usefulness The degree a person believes that using a particular system would enhance his or her learning performance (adapted from Davis, 1989)
Perceived ease of use The degree to which a person believes that using a particular system would be free of effort (Davis, 1989)
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DEFINITIONS USED IN THE STUDY .. Cont’Constructs Definitions
Self-efficacy An individual’s beliefs about the ability to perform a specific behavior (Compeau and Higgin, 1995)
Computer application anxiety
An individual’s phobia of dealing with computer application (adapted from Heinnsen et al. 1987)
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CONTEXT
• Research participants – postgraduate business students at a public institution of higher learning in Malaysia• Instrument – Survey questionnaire • Claroline an open source learning
management system was chosen for pilot implementation for a particular course in an eight-week semester (short semester)• Voluntary participation in Claroline and
survey research
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POPULATION & SAMPLE
• Estimated number for population: 400• Sample for the study: 42
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MEASURESConstructs
Sources
Intention to usePerceived usefulnessPerceived ease of useSelf-efficacy
Ajzen & Fishbein (1980)Davis (1989)Davis (1989)Compeau and Higgin (1995)
Computer anxiety Heinssen et al. (1987)
Five-point Likert scale for computer application anxiety, self-efficacy, perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use and intention to use measures where 1 refers to “strongly disagree” and 5 refers to “strongly agree”.
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RESULTS – PROFILE OF RESPONDENTSProfile of respondents Frequency %
Intention to use 4 0.854Perceived usefulness 4 0.811Perceived ease of use 6 0.881Self-efficacy 5 0.848Computer anxiety 4 0.884
All measures are reliable since Cronbach’s alpha (α) is > 0.70
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RESULTS – CORRELATION ANALYSIS ITU PU PEOU SE CAITU 1
PU 0.318* 1
PEOU 0.524** 0.458** 1
SE 0.440** 0.317* 0.605** 1
CA -0.231 -0.163 -0.253 -0.488** 1
** correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2 tailed)* correlation is significant at the 0.05 level (2 tailed)ITU: Intention to usePU: Perceived usefulnessPEOU: Perceived ease of useSE: Self-efficacyCA: Computer anxiety
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SUMMARY – HYPOTHESES RESULTSHypotheses Results
H1a: Computer application anxiety is significantly and negatively correlated to perceived usefulness of open source learning management system.
Not supported
H1b: Computer application anxiety is significantly and negatively correlated to perceived ease of use of open source learning management system.