Compressed Air Energy Storage (CAES) 7 th Energy Storage World Forum, London April 2014 ENERGY STORAGE HEAD TO HEAD Comparing Electrochemical v Other Energy Storage Technologies – Which One Offers Optimum Return On Investment And When? David J. Timoney University College Dublin, Ireland [email protected]3 rd April 2014 1
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Compressed Air Energy
Storage (CAES)
7th Energy Storage World Forum, London April 2014
ENERGY STORAGE HEAD TO HEAD
Comparing Electrochemical v Other Energy Storage Technologies – Which One Offers Optimum Return On Investment And When?
Advanced Adiabatic Compressed Air Energy Storage for the Integration of Wind Energy, Chris Bullough, Christoph Gatzen, Christoph Jakiel, Martin Koller, Andreas Nowi, and Stefan Zunft, Proceedings of the European Wind Energy Conference, EWEC 2004, 22-25 November 2004, London UK
Adiabatic CAESWaste heat from air compression is recovered in “Thermal Energy
Stores” (TES), to save or eliminate fuel.
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Design Objectives:
• To minimise excessive ‘throwing away’ of valuable thermal energy during charging.
• To eliminate (or reduce) the need to burn fuel during discharging.
• To attain higher efficiencies.
Adiabatic CAES
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Thermal Energy Store (TES)Modelling of Heat Storage & Release
TES Concept
Computed variation in TES temperature with time and
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“Round Trip” Efficiency for CAES is Not Simple
Energy Inputs to Plant
1) Electric Power (e.g. surplus wind) input used to compress air during “charging” (€ cost to operator).
2) Natural Gas input needed to re-heat the turbine air (€ cost to operator).
Energy Outputs from Plant1) Electric Power generated by turbine when
“discharging” air (€ income to operator).2) Waste heat from compressor cooling during “charging”
(€0 value).3) Waste Heat from hot gas leaving turbine (€0 value).
Thermal Energy StoreFurther complications for efficiency analysis (time-history).
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Three Designs – Typical Efficiencies & € ratio
1. Simplest Plant, No Recuperator, No Thermal StorageCompressor (cooled) Power Input: 58 MWTurbine Power Output; 330 MWEfficiency (energy ratio): 45%Typical Operating Income ÷ Costs: 1.13
2. With Recuperator, No Thermal Energy StorageCompressor (Cooled) Power Input: 58 MWTurbine Power Output; 330 MWEfficiency (energy ratio): 54%Typical Operating Income ÷ Costs: 1.26
3. With Recuperator & Thermal Energy StorageCompressor (Adiabatic) Power Input: 75 MWTurbine Power Output; 326 MWEfficiency (energy ratio): 64%Typical Operating Income ÷ Costs: 1.25