Compounded pig feed – Specification | Tanzania Standard

TBS/AFDC 09 (5200) P3

DRAFT TANZANIA STANDARD

Compounded pig feed – Specification

TANZANIA BUREAU OF STANDARDS

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Compounded pig feed – Specification TBS/AFDC 09 (5200) P3 0 FOREWORD

There is a steady increase of pig raising in the country due to increased demand for pork. Nearly all pigs are raised indoors. In view of this, it is essential to feed different classes of pig on balanced diet which will supply all the essential nutrients. In order to ensure that compounded pig feeds manufactured or imported into the country are safe and meet the nutritional requirements of different age segment of pigs, the preparation of this standard was deemed necessary. In the preparation of this Tanzania standard assistance was drawn from EAS 55:2012 Compounded pig feeds – Specification published by the East African Community. In reporting, the results of a test or analysis made in accordance with this standard, if the final value observed or calculated, is to be rounded off, it shall be done in accordance with TZS 4 (see clause 2).

1.0 SCOPE

This Tanzania standard specifies requirements, methods of sampling and test for compounded pig feeds. It covers; pig creep feed, pig growers feed, pig finishing feed, pig breeders feed and sow and weaner feeds.

2.0 REFERENCES For the purpose of this Tanzania standard, the following references shall apply. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies: TZS 4 – Rounding off numerical values

TZS 34-1 – Animal feeds and feeding stuffs sampling and test methods – General

TZS 34-2 – Animal feeds and feeding stuffs – minerals and trace elements.

TZS 76 – General method for determination of Arsenic silver diethyldithiocarmate photometric method. TZS 109 – Food Processing units – code of hygiene – General. TZS 268 – General atomic absorption spectrophotometric method for determination of lead in food stuffs TZS 799 – Food stuffs – Determination of Aflatoxin B1 and the total content of Aflatoxin B1, B2, G1 and G2 in cereals, nuts and derived products. TZS 821 – Animal feeds and feeding stuffs – Preparation of test samples. ISO 5985 – Animal feeding stuffs — Determination of ash insoluble in hydrochloric acid

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ISO 6867 – Animal feeding stuffs -- Determination of vitamin E content -- Method using high-

performance liquid chromatography

ISO 14565 – Animal feeding stuffs -- Determination of vitamin A content -- Method using high-

performance liquid chromatography

AOAC 944.12 – Folic acid (pteroyl glutamic acid) AOAC 945.74 – Pantothenic Acid in Vitamin Preparations AOAC 961.14 – Niacin and Niacinamide in Drugs, Foods, and Feed AOAC 968.17 – Butylated hydroxy anisole and butylated hydroxytoluene in cereals. Gas chromatographic method AOAC 970.65 – Riboflavin (Vitamin B2) in Foods and Vitamin Premixes AOAC 996.16 – Selenium in Feeds and Premixes.

3.0 TERMS AND DEFINITIONS

For the purpose of this standard, the following terms and definitions shall apply: 3.1 piglet young pig up to eight (8) weeks of age. 3.2 gilt young female breeding pig, which have not farrowed. 3.3 sow female pig, which have farrowed at least once. 3.4 boar male breeding pigs. 3.5 creep feed pig ration suitable for piglets up to 8 weeks of age and weighing up to 20 kg live weight. 3.6 sow and weaner feed pig feed suitable for feeding lactating sows and piglets. 3.7 pig finishing ration pig ration suitable for fattening pigs weighing over 55 kg live weight

3.8 breeders feed pig feed suitable for feeding breeding pig (pregnant and dry sows, boars). 3.9 cereal balancer concentrated mixture of protein, minerals and vitamins used as a supplement to milled cereal products for feeding livestock.

3.10 compound feed mixture of products of plants or animal origin in their natural state, fresh or preserved, or products derived from the industrial processing thereof, or organic or inorganic substances, whether or not containing additives, for oral feeding in the form of a complete feed.

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3.11 feed/feedstuff

portion of food offered to an animal, usually of a size, materials and combination determined by man. 4.0 REQUIREMENTS 4.1 General requirements 4.1.1 Raw materials

- The ingredients or raw materials used in the manufacture of compounded pig feeds are given in Appendix A. Other ingredients or mixtures may be used provided that they have been ascertained by inspection and or/ testing that they are suitable for use in cattle feeds.

- All ingredients or raw materials shall be of high quality and shall be of sound condition and not decomposed or deteriorated.

- Ingredients or raw materials of animal origin shall be sterilized before use. - Vitamin preparations added to feed shall be in stabilized form. - Where standards have been declared for ingredients or raw materials, such ingredients

or raw materials shall conform to specific standards.

4.1.2 Compounded pig feed shall be;

- either in the form of a meal mash, cubes or pellets.

- free from harmful constituents such as metallic objects, adulterants, fungi, pathogenic

bacteria or insect infestation and from fermented, musty, rancid or any other

objectionable odours.

- Free from physical contaminants such as seed weeds, decomposed feeds, charcoal,

cereals awns, hulls, sand, soil and insects and their larva.

- palatable and have a digestibility coefficient of not less than 65 %.

4.2 Specific requirements The compounded pig feed shall comply with the requirements specified in Table 1. Table 1: Nutrients requirements

S/N0 Parameter Creep feed Grower feed

Finishing feed

Breeder feed

Sow and weaner

Method of test

Min Max Min Max Min Max Min. Max Min Ma

x

1) Moisture, %

(m/m) - 12 - 12 - 12 - 12

- 12 TZS 34-1

2) Metabolisable

energy, Kcal/kg 3200 - 3200 - 2800

- 2700 - 340

0 - TZS 34-1

3) Crude protein, % (m/m)

18 - 17 - 15 - 13 - 16 - TZS 34-1

4) Crude fat, %

(m/m) 2 10 - 8 8 - 8

2 5 TZS 34-1

5) Crude fibre, %

(m/m) - 6 - 5 - 8 - 7 - 8 TZS 34-1

6) Total ash, %

(m/m) - 8 - 8 - 8 - 8 - 8 TZS 34-1

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S/N0 Parameter Creep feed Grower feed

Finishing

feed

Breeder

feed

Sow and

weaner

Method

of test

Min Max Min Max Min Max Min. Max Min Ma

x

7) Acid insoluble ash, % (m/m)

- 4 - 1 - 1 - 1 - 4 ISO 5985

8) Total sodium , % (m/m)

0.30 0.50 0.30 0.50 0.50 0.60 0.50 0.60 - - TZS 34-2

9) Total calcium, % (m/m)

0.60 0.80 0.60 0.80 0.60 0.80 0.50 0.80 0.7 - TZS 34-2

10) Total

phosphorus 1), % (m/m)

0.70 0.90 0.70 0.90 0.75 0.95 0.80 1.00 0.5 - TZS 34-2

11) Selenium, mg/kg 0.20 5 0.20 5 0.20 5 0.20 -

- - AOAC

996.16

12) Manganese, mg/kg

20 - 20 - 20 - 20 - 20 - TZS 34-2

13) Iodine, mg/kg 1.00 - 0.50 - 0.50 - 1.00 - 0.2 - TZS 34-2

14) Zinc, mg/kg 50 - 100 - 100 - 100 - 100 - TZS 34-2

15) Iron, mg/kg 100 120 80 200 125 - 80 - 100 - TZS 34-2

16) Copper, mg/kg 200 400 14 80 20 180 20 - - - TZS 34-2

17) Cobalt, mg/kg 5 - 0.3 0.6 0.3 0.6 0.3 0.6 - - TZS 34-2

18) Riboflavin,

mg/kg 15 180 5 - 5 - 5 -

- - AOAC

970.65

19) Pantothenic acid, mg/kg

10 - 10 - 10 - 10 - - - AOAC

945.74

20) Niacin, mg/kg 15 - 15 - 15 - 15 -

- - AOAC

961.14

21) Biotin, mg/kg 0.50 - 0.50 - 0.50 - 0.05 - - - AOAC

22) Folic acid, mg/kg - 0.15 - 0.15 0.15 1 -

- - AOAC

944.12

23) Vitamin B12, mg/kg

0.01 0.02 0.01 0.15 0.01 0.02 0.01

5 -

- - AOAC

952.20

24) Vitamin A, IU/kg 10000 - 10000 -

8000

- 1200

0 -

- - ISO 14565

25) Vitamin D3, IU/kg 2000 2500 2000 2500

160

0 2500 2400 -

- - AOAC

26) Vitamin E, IU/kg 10 5 10 30 5 - 20 - - - ISO 6867

27) Vitamin K, mg/kg 2 2 2 1 3

AOAC

974.30

28) Lysine, % 1.4 0.65 0.65 0.60 0.8 TZS 34-1

29) Methionine+,

Cystine, % (m/m)

0.7 0.30 0.30 0.30 0.45

TZS 34-1

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S/N0 Parameter Creep feed Grower feed

Finishing

feed

Breeder

feed

Sow and

weaner

Method

of test

Min Max Min Max Min Max Min. Max Min Ma

x

30) Tryptophan, % (m/m)

1.20 1.25 1.25 1.25 TZS 34-1

31) Antioxidant (BHT)3), mg/kg 125 150 125 150 125 150 125 150

AOAC 968.17

1) Not more than 70 % of the total phosphorus content may be derived from plant origin,

2) Not more than 50 % of the cystine and methionine requirement may be in the form of cystine.

3) The quantity of antioxidant specified refers to butyrated hydroxy toluene (BHT). Alternative anti-oxidants may be used in equivalent

quantities recommended by the manufacturer of the antioxidant.

4.3 Permitted additives - Additives in the following categories may be used in the compounded pig feeds:

antioxidants; colourants; emulsifiers; stabilisers; thickeners and gelling agents; binders; anti-caking agents and coagulants; aromatic and appetizing substances and preservatives specified in Table 2.

- Compounded pig feed shall contain no added additives other than an additive of a name

or description specified hereunder. Table 2: List of permitted additives and levels of use

S/No. Name or description Maximum content (mg/kg)

Colours

i) Patent Blue V Limited by GMP ii) Acid brilliant green BS

Antioxidants

ii) L-Ascorbic acid Limited by GMP

iii) Sodium L-ascorbate

iv) Calcium di (L-ascorbate)

v) 5,6-Diacetyl-L-ascorbic acid

vi) 6-Palmitoyl-L-ascorbic acid

vii) Tocopherol-rich extracts of a natural origin

viii) Synthetic alpha-tocopherol

ix) Synthetic gamma-tocopherol

x) Synthetic delta-tocopherol

xi) Propyl gallate 100, singly or in combination

xii) Octyl gallate

xiii) Dodecyl gallate

xiv) Butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA)

150

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Emulsifiers, stabilisers, thickeners and gelling agents

1) Poly (ethylene glycol) 6000 300

2) Polyoxypropylene-polyoxyethelene polymer (M.W 6 800 - 9 000)

50

3) Propane -1-2-diol 12 000; 36 000

Binders, anticaking agents and coagulants

1) Lignosulphonates; Limited by GMP

2) Colloidal silica;

3) Silicic acid,

4) precipitate and dried;

5) Sodium aluminosilicate,

6) Sodium, potassium and calcium stearate;

7) Kaolin and Kaslinitic clays free of asbestos- natural accruing mixtures of minerals containing at least 65% complex hydrated aluminium silicates whose main constituent in Kasolinite;

8) Bentonite and other montmerillonitee clays;

9) Vermiculite-hydrated silicate of magnesium,

10) aluminium and iron; Limited by GMP

11) Citric acid;

12) Kieselguhr (diatomaceous earth, purified);

13) Calcium silicate (synthetic);

14) Natural mixtures of steatite and chlorite free of asbestos.

Preservatives

1) sorbic acid, sodium sorbate, potassium sorbate, calcium sorbate;

Limited by GMP

2) folic acid;

3) ammonium formate, sodium formate, calcium formate;

4) acetic acid, potassium acetate, sodium diacetate;

5) latic acid, sodium lactate, potassium lactate, ammonium lactate, calcium lactate;

6) propionic acid, sodium propionate, potassium

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propionate;

7) L-tartaric acid;

8) ctric acid, sodium citrates, calcium citrates;

9) orthophosphoric acid;

10) fumaric acid;

11) DL-Malic acid; and Limited by GMP

12) hydrochloric acid or sulphuric acid for use in silage only.

13) Formaldehyde may be used in pig feeds up to six months at a maximum level of 600mg/kg/

Aromatic and appetizing substances

1) Saccharin Limited by GMP

2) All natural products and corresponding synthetic products

Sucrose esters or fatty acids

1) mixture of sucrose esters of monocyl and diacylglycerols (sucroglycerides, polyglycerides);

Limited by GMP

2) polyglycerol esters of non-polymerised edible fatty acids;

3) propylene glycol esters of fatty acids (propane-1,2-diol esters of fatty acids);

4) stearoyl-2-lactylic acid; sodium stearoyl-1,2-lacylate; calcium stearoyl-1,2-lactylate;

5) stearoyl-1-tartrate; glycerol poly (ethylene glycol) ricinolcate; dextrans; sorbitan monostearate;

6) sorbitan tristearte; sorbitan monolaurate; sorbitan mono-eleate; sorbitan monopalmitate;

7) partial polyglycerol esters of polycondensed fatty acids of castor oil (polyglycerol polyricinoleate) polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monolaurate;

8) polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan

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monopalmitate, polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monostearate

9) polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan tricleate, polyoxyethylene (8) sorbitan stearate; and

10) polyoxyethylene (40) stearate.

5.0 CONTAMINANTS

5.1 The products covered by this Standard shall comply with the maximum limits for heavy metals specified in Table 3. Table 3: Heavy metals

S/No. Heavy metal

Maximum limits (mg/kg) Method of test (see clause 2)

1) Mercury (Hg) 8 ICP/AAS

2) Lead (Pb) 15 TZS 268

3) Arsenic (As) 10 TZS 76

4) Cadmium (Cd) 10 ICP/AAS

5.2 Pesticides residues

The compounded pig feed shall comply to the maximum limits of pesticide residues as in Table 4 and to the maximum residue limits for pesticides established by the Codex committees for pesticides residues for this commodity. Table 4: Pesticides residues

S/No. Pesticides Limits

1) Aldrin, mg/kg, max 0.02

2) Carbaryl, mg/kg, max 0.05

3) Carbathiin, mg/kg, max 0.02

4) Dieldrin, mg/kg, max 0.02

5) Malathion, mg/kg, max 0.02

6) Toxaphene, mg/kg, max 0.1

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5.3 Aflatoxins

Compounded pig feed shall be free from any toxic material or foreign material like ochratoxins,

zearalenone. The total aflatoxin content limit shall be of recommended levels specified in Table

5.

Table 5: Total aflatoxin limits S/No. Animal Feed Limits

(µg/kg, max)

Method of test

(see clause 2)

1) Swine Cotton seed

meal

300

TZS 799

2) Finishing swine of 100

kg or greater.

Corn and peanut

products

200

3) Breeding swine Corn and peanut

products

200

4) For animal uses not

specified above or

when the intended use

is not known.

Animal feeds and

ingredients

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6.0 HYGIENE

The product shall be prepared under strict hygienic conditions according to TZS 109 (see clause 2) 7.0 SAMPLING AND TESTS 7.1 Sampling Sampling of the product covered under this Standard shall be done according to TZS 34-1 and and test samples shall be prepared in accordance to TZS 821 (see clause 2). 7.2 Tests Testing of this product shall be done according to test methods prescribed in Table 1, 3 and 5(see clause 2). 8.0 PACKAGING, MARKING AND LABELLING

8.1 Packaging 8.1.1 Compounded pig feed for sale shall be packed in containers which are of sufficient strength and sufficiently sealed so as to withstand handling without tearing, bursting or falling open during normal handling and transportation. The container shall be clean and not previously used.

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8.1.2 Each container of compounded pig feed shall be clean and free from visible indications of contamination, infection and insect infestation.

8.2 Labelling 8.1.1 Compounded pig feed containers shall be securely closed and marked with the following information:

a) Name of product (pig compounded feed); b) Category of animals for which it is intended; c) Name and physical address of manufacturer; d) Net Weight of the product; e) Batch number; f) Name and physical address of the manufacturer; g) Date of manufacture h) Expiry date i) Nutrient content j) Instructions for use and storage k) List of ingredients

8.2.2 The language on the label shall be “Kiswahili” or Kiswahili and English. A second language may be used depending on the designated market. 8.3 The container may also be marked with TBS Certification Mark. NOTE – The TBS Standards Mark of Quality may be used by the manufacturers only under

licence from TBS. Particulars of conditions under which the licences are granted may be obtained from TBS.

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Annex A

(normative)

INGREDIENTS FOR PIG FEEDS In the compounding of pig feeds, various types of ingredients are used. This Annex lists some of the common ingredients which may be used in the manufacture of pig feeds: A.1 Grain products

- Maize - Wheat - Oat - Barley - Rice - Sorghum

A.2 Grain by products

- Rice bran - Rice bran (defatted) - Rice polishing’s - Wheat feed (a mixture of wheat bran and wheat pollard) - Maize bran - Wheat bran - Wheat germ - Maize germ meal - Pollard

A.3 Animal products

- Bone meal - Blood meal - Meat and bone meal - Meat meal - Offal meals (treated) - Dried skimmed milk - Dry whey - Milk powder - Cheese meal - Poultry by-products (excluding manure) - Hydrolyzed feather meal - Fishmeal - Fish processing wastes - Whole milk

A.4 Oil seed cakes and meals

- Soybean cake or meal

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- Coconut cake or meal (Copra cake) - Ground nut cake or meal - Palm kernel cake - Sesame cake or meal - Cotton seed cake or meal - Cashew nut cake or meal - Kapok cake or meal - Sunflower seed cake or meal

A.5 Fats and oils A.6 Tubers and related materials

- Potatoes (Solanum tuberosum) - Sweet potato - Cassava chips or dry cassava roots

A.7 Grasses and legumes

- Lucerne or Alfalfa meal - Crotalaria spp (marejea) - Stylosanthes gracils - Pineapple bran

A.8 Waste materials and industrial by – products (Excluding grain by products)

- Brewer’s yeast and dried grains - Sugarcane molasses - Raw sugar - Palm pressed fibre - Cassava waste meal - Brewery residues or wastes

A.9 Minerals, vitamins and supplements

- Common salt - Calcium phosphate (di, mono, tri) phosphate – fluorine content not to exceed 0.2

%. - Calcium lactate - Manganese sulphate - Phosphoric acid - Urea - Limestone - Vitamin and mineral premixes.