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A computer is a programmable machinedesigned to sequentially and automaticallycarry out a sequence of arithmetic or logicaloperations.
Components of Computer System:
a. Motherboard - a very basic unit in any computer system.- the computer component to which all
other internal computer components areattached.
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- The hard drive can store important systemfiles like the operating system, program files
and other data.e. Video Card- video card allows a computer to displayimages on the computer monitor.
f. PSU- power supply unit or PSU supplies allcomputer components with power.- it converts the high voltages from an ACpower outlet to lower voltages that are safefor internal computer components.
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g. Disk Drives- Disk Drives can be a floppy drive, CD drive,DVD drive or other possible file storagedevices that are used in a computer.
h. Monitor - The part of a computer that allows you to
see what the computer is processing.i. Keyboard- A keyboard allows a computer user to enter
text commands into a computer system. j. Mouse
- A mouse allows a computer user to use apoint and click interface to enter commands.
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- the practical art of selecting and interconnectinghardware components to create computers thatmeet functional, performance and cost goals andthe formal modeling of those systems.
3 main categories :a. Instruction set architecture or ISA.
- is the code that a central processor reads andacts upon.
- It is the machine language (or assemblylanguage), including the instruction set, wordsize, memory address modes, processorregisters, and address and data formats.
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b. Microarchitecture
- also known as Computer organization describes the data paths, data processingelements and data storage elements, anddescribes how they should implement theISA.[
c.System Design -includes all of the other hardwarecomponents within a computing system.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_architecturehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_architecture -
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These include:
Data paths, such as computer buses andswitches
Memory controllers and hierarchies
Data processing other than the CPU, such asdirect memory access (DMA)
Miscellaneous issues such as virtualization ormultiprocessing.
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- is the brain of the computer(also known ascentral processing unit.
- It performs all executing instructions andprocessing of data.
- It varies in speed & capacity of memoryregisters, and data bus.
ALU(arithmetic logic unit)- is a digital circuit that performs arithmeticand logical operations.- The ALU is a fundamental building block of the central processing unit of a computer.
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a hierarchical representation of therelationship between the access speedand capacity of various types of memory.
Comparison :High speed memory is expensive and low in
capacity.
Low speed memory is inexpensive and large incapacity.
