Complete data logger. i will survive!

ICT In Biology(TBC 3013)

DATA LOGGER

Group members:

Yee Hon Kit D20091034822

Yee Chin Tien D20091034824

Ngang Huey Chi D20091034861

Sharifah roqaiyah D20091034851

I WILL SURVIVE!

Anaerobic respiration:

Fermentation

Biological Principle:

In the absence of oxygen, yeast will undergo anaerobic respiration. Yeast converts glucose into ethanol and carbon dioxide. So, the carbon dioxide given out reflect the rate of anaerobic respiration.

Glucose was fermented because this sugar can pass rapidly into the cell and enter directly into metabolic pathways

ENGAGECan she keep diving under the water after the diving

tank that stored compressed gas such as oxygen have

depleted?

Some organism such as bacteria can survive in the absence of oxygen, why?

Anaerobic respiration occurs in oxygen-poor marsh muds.

http://i.ehow.com/images/a06/ji/q6/purpose-anaerobic-respiration-800X800.jpg

EMPOWER

Procedure:1. 4 grams of yeast was measured by the electronic

balance. 2. Glucose solution was prepared in a beaker.

Different concentration of glucose solution was prepared as follows:

5%, 10% and 15%3. The glucose solution of 5% was boiled under the Bunsen

flame to evaporate any dissolve oxygen in the solution.4. This glucose solution was cooled down by the ice to

prevent the heat produced killed the yeast during the fermentation.

5. The carbon dioxide sensor was connected with the Data Logger.

6. Glucose solution was then mixed with the yeast in the reagent bottle under the water bath with temperature 30 oC. Water bath was prepared to maintain the temperature as heat produced will affect the reaction during anaerobic respiration.

7. A layer of oil was added on the top of the solution to prevent gas trapped in the solution.

8. The carbon dioxide sensor sealed the reagent bottle of the mixed solution

9. The reagent bottle was put under the water bath for 10 minutes.

10. The amount of carbon dioxide was recorded at each 5 seconds interval.

11. Steps 4 to 11 are repeated but the concentration of glucose solution is changed to 10% and15% respectively.

ResultsTime(s) CO2 I/O-1(ppm) CO2 I/O-2(ppm) CO2 I/O-3(ppm)

0 738.462 590.769 758.154

10 718.769 600.615 758.154

20 738.462 580.923 748.308

30 738.462 600.615 768

40 708.923 590.769 748.308

50 728.615 610.462 768

60 708.923 590.769 768

70 738.462 610.462 768

80 718.769 600.615 777.846

90 748.308 600.615 777.846

100 738.462 620.308 797.538

110 738.462 610.462 768

120 758.154 620.308 807.385

130 748.308 610.462 797.538

140 768 640 777.846

150 738.462 630.154 807.385

Time(s) CO2 I/O-1(ppm) CO2 I/O-2(ppm) CO2 I/O-3(ppm)

160 777.846 630.154 787.692

170 758.154 649.846 807.385

180 777.846 630.154 787.692

190 777.846 649.846 807.385

200 768 640 807.385

210 787.692 649.846 807.385

220 768 649.846 836.923

230 797.538 640 836.923

240 777.846 669.538 896

250 797.538 649.846 905.846

260 777.846 669.538 935.385

270 807.385 640 974.769

280 817.231 679.385 984.615

290 807.385 669.538 1014.154

300 827.077 669.538 1014.154


310 807.385 689.231 1043.692

320 836.923 679.385 1053.538

330 817.231 689.231 1063.385

340 846.769 689.231 1083.077

350 836.923 699.077 1083.077

360 827.077 708.923 1112.615

370 856.615 689.231 1102.769

380 836.923 728.615 1132.308

390 856.615 708.923 1161.846

400 846.769 748.308 1152

410 876.308 728.615 1191.385

420 856.615 748.308 1191.385

430 866.462 768 1220.923

440 886.154 758.154 1220.923

450 866.462 787.692 1250.462


460 896 787.692 1289.846

470 876.308 807.385 1289.846

480 896 807.385 1309.538

490 876.308 827.077 1309.538

500 905.846 836.923 1358.769

510 896 817.231 1368.615

520 896 846.769 1358.769

530 925.538 827.077 1408

540 905.846 846.769 1417.846

550 925.538 836.923 1457.231

560 915.692 846.769 1447.385

570 935.385 866.462 1476.923

580 925.538 846.769 1516.308

590 955.077 876.308 1536

600 945.231 856.615 1585.231


610 945.231 876.308 1595.077

620 974.769 866.462 1624.615

630 964.923 876.308 1634.462

640 994.462 886.154 1654.154

650 974.769 876.308 1693.538

660 1024 896 1693.538

670 1004.308 866.462 1742.769

680 1014.154 905.846 1762.462

690 1033.846 896 1801.846

700 1024 905.846 1831.385

710 1053.538 915.692 1841.231

720 1043.692 905.846 1910.154

730 1073.231 935.385 1920

740 1043.692 915.692 1979.077

750 1083.077 945.231 1979.077


760 1073.231 925.538 1998.769

770 1083.077 945.231 2048

780 1112.615 955.077 2048

790 1102.769 945.231 2107.077

800 1142.154 974.769 2126.769

810 1132.308 955.077 2176

820 1161.846 974.769 2205.538

830 1142.154 974.769 2254.769

840 1181.538 994.462 2313.846

850 1191.385 1014.154 2323.692

860 1191.385 1004.308 2382.769

870 1220.923 1024 2392.615

880 1211.077 1024 2432

890 1240.615 1063.385 2471.385

900 1240.615 1053.538 2481.231


910 1270.154 1083.077 2520.615

920 1260.308 1083.077 2530.462

930 1270.154 1083.077 2599.385

940 1309.538 1102.769 2609.231

950 1299.692 1092.923 2668.308

960 1348.923 1112.615 2737.231

970 1329.231 1092.923 2766.769

980 1358.769 1112.615 2825.846

990 1348.923 1132.308 2825.846

1000 1398.154 1112.615 2894.769

1010 1388.308 1122.462 2904.615

1020 1398.154 1112.615 2934.154

1030 1437.538 1142.154 3003.077

1040 1427.692 1132.308 3042.462

1050 1467.077 1142.154 3101.538


1060 1447.385 1161.846 3131.077

1070 1486.769 1142.154 3200

1080 1467.077 1161.846 3249.231

1090 1486.769 1152 3268.923

1100 1516.308 1181.538 3318.154

1110 1506.462 1161.846 3347.692

1120 1536 1171.692 3396.923

1130 1526.154 1191.385 3436.308

1140 1555.692 1181.538 3475.692

1150 1545.846 1191.385 3554.462

1160 1575.385 1181.538 3574.154

1170 1565.538 1211.077 3662.769

1180 1575.385 1191.385 3712

1190 1604.923 1220.923 3780.923

1200 1595.077 1230.769 3830.154


1360 1772.308 1408 4736

1370 1801.846 1388.308 4775.385

1380 1801.846 1417.846 4883.692

1390 1831.385 1398.154 4962.462

1400 1831.385 1398.154 5021.538

1410 1860.923 1417.846 5060.923

1420 1880.615 1408 5041.231

1430 1880.615 1437.538 5060.923

1440 1920 1417.846 5041.231

1450 1900.308 1447.385 5060.923

1460 1939.692 1427.692 5060.923

1470 1939.692 1427.692 5041.231

1480 1969.231 1447.385 5060.923

1490 1959.385 1437.538 5041.231

1500 1988.923 1457.231 5060.923


1210 1634.462 1230.769 3869.538

1220 1614.769 1260.308 3928.615

1230 1634.462 1250.462 3948.308

1240 1624.615 1270.154 4017.231

1250 1654.154 1270.154 4056.615

1260 1673.846 1289.846 4135.385

1270 1654.154 1319.385 4214.154

1280 1693.538 1319.385 4263.385

1290 1683.692 1358.769 4361.846

1300 1713.231 1339.077 4401.231

1310 1703.385 1378.462 4460.308

1320 1732.923 1368.615 4489.846

1330 1732.923 1378.462 4548.923

1340 1752.615 1388.308 4617.846

1350 1782.154 1378.462 4657.231


1660 2274.462 1821.538 5041.231

1670 2294.154 1841.231 5060.923

1680 2304 1880.615 5041.231

1690 2343.385 1959.385 5060.923

1700 2343.385 2028.308 5051.077

1710 2382.769 2087.385 5041.231

1720 2392.615 2097.231 5060.923

1730 2441.846 2156.308 5041.231

1740 2441.846 2166.154 5060.923

1750 2481.231 2205.538 5041.231

1760 2520.615 2284.308 5060.923

1770 2550.154 2333.538 5060.923

1780 2619.077 2422.154 5051.077

1790 2638.769 2481.231 5060.923

1800 2707.692 2530.462 5041.231


1510 2008.615 1457.231 5041.231

1520 2008.615 1486.769 5041.231

1530 2048 1476.923 5060.923

1540 2038.154 1496.615 5041.231

1550 2077.538 1536 5060.923

1560 2067.692 1536 5041.231

1570 2097.231 1595.077 5060.923

1580 2107.077 1624.615 5060.923

1590 2116.923 1683.692 5041.231

1600 2146.462 1703.385 5060.923

1610 2136.615 1713.231 5041.231

1620 2185.846 1742.769 5060.923

1630 2185.846 1752.615 5041.231

1640 2225.231 1782.154 5051.077

1650 2235.077 1792 5060.923


1810 2727.385 2550.154 5070.769

1820 2806.154 2589.538 5051.077

1830 2855.385 2658.462 5051.077

1840 2924.308 2727.385 5060.923

1850 3003.077 2845.538 5041.231

1860 3042.462 2924.308 5060.923

Time(s)0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800

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Graph of Amount of CO2 Produced Versus Time

Concentration of glucose

Initial Final Rate of Respiration(ppm/min)

5% 758.154 5960.923 212.73

10% 590.769 2924.308 122.45

15% 738.462 3042.462 96.72

From the graph and table, it is shown that the fermentation of 5% of glucose produced the highest amount of CO2 and highest rate of fermentation. While fermentation of both 10% and 15% of glucose have produced almost same amount of CO2 in the same period of time, both also have steady rate of respiration.

Questions1. Look at your table ,why does the carbon

dioxide level change? 2. Which fermentation of glucose produced

higher amount of carbon dioxide gas? Why? 3. What does the graph tell you about the

change in carbon dioxide level during fermentation.

4. What is the end product of fermentation? State the equation of yeast fermentation.

Answer1. The change of carbon dioxide level indicated that the yeast fermentation of

glucose have begun. Or anaerobic respiration has initiated by yeast.2. In the same period of time, fermentation of yeast in glucose 5% have

produced higher amount of carbon dioxide. This can be explain as in high concentration of glucose such as 10% and 15%, the increase in glucose concentration led to in the increase in fermentation time. Besides, when the glucose content increased, the glucose uptake rate decreased, this will affect the rate of fermentation. Thus, as longer time is required for fermentation of yeast to occur, it have reduced the amount of CO2 produced for both 10% and 15% of glucose fermentation.

3. Fermentation of different concentration of glucose will have different rate of fermentation and different amount of end product in fixed time.

4. Ethanol, carbon dioxide and energy. C6H12O6 --------------> 2C2H5OH + 2CO2 + 2ATP

Discussion1. The fermentation of glucose, which occurs primarily

when the glucose concentration is high or when oxygen is not available.

2. The cells have a low energy yield of only about 2 ATP per mole of glucose metabolized. The stoichiometry of this reaction is C6H12O6 --------------> 2C2H5OH + 2CO2 + 2ATPwhere represents chemical energy utilized in the growth processes.

3. The influence of different glucose concentration on metabolic activities of yeast was evaluated by the overall amount of C02 and rate of reaction.

4. In high concentration of glucose such as 10% and 15%, the increase in glucose concentration led to in the increase in fermentation time.

5. Besides, when the glucose content increased, the glucose uptake rate decreased, this will affect the rate of fermentation.

6. Thus, as longer time is required for fermentation of yeast to occur, it have reduced the amount of CO2 produced for both 10% and 15% of glucose fermentation.

7. Conversely, for the same reason which mentioned above, fermentation of 5% glucose have produced the higher amount of CO2 and with the highest rate of fermentation.

ENHANCE

Give another example aside from the given picture of fermented food and

discuss the making of this fermented food.

Unique Feature of This Activity1. Amounts of carbon dioxide produced can be detected

and measured accurately (measured in every 10 seconds). 2. It is impossible to measure the amount of carbon dioxide

accurately using conventional method.3. Less work need to be done by the students. The

experiment can be carried out for a longer period of time and the results will be recorded automatically during that period of time.

4. The pattern of amount of CO2 production changes can be observe along with the experiment.