Competencies Five parts of Information System System Software and Application Software

NANJING UNIVERSITY OF INFORMATION SICENCE & TECHNOLOGYNANJING UNIVERSITY OF INFORMATION SICENCE & TECHNOLOGY

CompetenciesCompetencies Five parts of Information SystemFive parts of Information System System Software and Application SoftwareSystem Software and Application Software Three Kinds of System SoftwareThree Kinds of System Software Basic and Specialized Application SoftwareBasic and Specialized Application Software Four Types of ComputersFour Types of Computers Four Types of MicrocomputersFour Types of Microcomputers Different types of Computer HardwareDifferent types of Computer Hardware Data and FilesData and Files Computer Connectivity, Wireless Revolution and InternetComputer Connectivity, Wireless Revolution and Internet

Chapter 1 Information Technology, The Internet and You


Key TermsKey Terms• Application SoftwareApplication Software

• Basic ApplicationBasic Application

• Communication DeviceCommunication Device

• Compact Disc(CD)Compact Disc(CD)

• Computer CompetencyComputer Competency

• ConnectivityConnectivity

• DataData

• Database fileDatabase file

• Desktop ComputerDesktop Computer

• Device DriverDevice Driver

• Digital Versatile Disc(DVD)Digital Versatile Disc(DVD)

• Digital Video Disc(DVD)Digital Video Disc(DVD)

• Document FileDocument File

• End UserEnd User

• Floppy DiskFloppy Disk

• HardwareHardware

• High DefinitionHigh Definition

• InformationInformation

• Information SystemInformation System

• Information Technology(IT)Information Technology(IT)

• Input DeviceInput Device

• InternetInternet

• KeyboardKeyboard

• Mainframe ComputerMainframe Computer

• MemoryMemory

• MicrocomputerMicrocomputer


Key TermsKey Terms• MicroprocessorMicroprocessor

• Midrange ComputerMidrange Computer

• MinicomputerMinicomputer

• ModemModem

• MonitorMonitor

• MouseMouse

• NetworkNetwork

• Notebook ComputerNotebook Computer

• Operating SystemOperating System

• Optical DiscOptical Disc

• Output DeviceOutput Device

• Palm ComputerPalm Computer

• PeoplePeople

• Personal Digital Assistant(PDA)Personal Digital Assistant(PDA)

• Presentation FilePresentation File

• Primary StoragePrimary Storage

• PrinterPrinter

• ProceduresProcedures

• ProgramProgram

• Random Access Memory(RAM)Random Access Memory(RAM)

• Secondary StorageSecondary Storage

• SoftwareSoftware

• Specialized ApplicationSpecialized Application

• SupercomputerSupercomputer

• System SoftwareSystem Software

• System UnitSystem Unit

• Tablet PCTablet PC

• Wireless RevolutionWireless Revolution

• Worksheet FileWorksheet File


Information SystemInformation System Five Parts:Five Parts:

• People: People: End UsersEnd Users

• Procedures: Procedures:

Rules or Guidelines documented in manuals written by computer Rules or Guidelines documented in manuals written by computer

specialistsspecialists

• Software: Software: Program consists of step-by-step instructionsProgram consists of step-by-step instructions

• Hardware: Hardware: Equipments controlled by softwareEquipments controlled by software

• Data: Data: unprocessed or raw factsunprocessed or raw facts

An additional part:An additional part:

• Connectivity: Connectivity: allow computers to connect each other and share informationallow computers to connect each other and share information Information Technology(IT):Information Technology(IT):


PeoplePeople The most import part of an information systemThe most import part of an information system

This book help you to become competent with computersThis book help you to become competent with computers

Making IT work for you (Examples in Figure 1-3)Making IT work for you (Examples in Figure 1-3)

Tips (Examples in Figure 1-4)Tips (Examples in Figure 1-4)

Careers in ITCareers in IT

Computing essentials web siteComputing essentials web site


Software(Program)Software(Program) Step-by-step instructionsStep-by-step instructions

System software and Application SoftwareSystem software and Application Software

System Software: the one used by the computerSystem Software: the one used by the computer

Application Software: The one used by the end usersApplication Software: The one used by the end users

System softwareSystem software

““Background software” that helps the computer to manage its own internal Background software” that helps the computer to manage its own internal

resourcesresources

Three kinds of System Software:Three kinds of System Software:

Operating SystemsOperating Systems: The most important system software which can : The most important system software which can

coordinate computer resources, provide interface between users and coordinate computer resources, provide interface between users and

computers. Such as Windows XP, Vista, Mac OS, Linux etc.computers. Such as Windows XP, Vista, Mac OS, Linux etc.



HardwareHardware Four types of ComputersFour types of Computers

SupercomputerSupercomputer

Mainframe computerMainframe computer

Minicomputer (Midrange computer)Minicomputer (Midrange computer)

MicrocomputerMicrocomputer

Four types of microcomputersFour types of microcomputers

Desktop computerDesktop computer

Notebook computer (laptop computer)Notebook computer (laptop computer)

Tablet PCTablet PC

Handled computer(Palm computer):Handled computer(Palm computer):

Personal digital assistant(PDA)Personal digital assistant(PDA)


Hardware of MicrocomputersHardware of Microcomputers

System Unit System Unit

• microprocessor (CPU)microprocessor (CPU)

• memory (Primary storage, Random Access Memory: RAM)memory (Primary storage, Random Access Memory: RAM)

Input/output devicesInput/output devices

• Input devices: Input devices: Keyboard, mouse, lighting pen, scannerKeyboard, mouse, lighting pen, scanner

• output devicesoutput devices: monitor, printer, speaker: monitor, printer, speaker

Secondary storagesSecondary storages

• FloppyFloppy

• Hard diskHard disk

• Optical disks: Optical disks: CD, VCD, DVD, High-definition discCD, VCD, DVD, High-definition disc


CommunicationCommunication

communication devices:communication devices:

• modemmodem

• adapter cardadapter card

• switcherswitcher

• hubhub

• routerrouter

Communication media:Communication media:

• Telephone lineTelephone line

• Twisted pairTwisted pair

• Coaxial cableCoaxial cable

• Radio, Microwave, infrared lightRadio, Microwave, infrared light


DataData

Raw, unprocessed facts, including text, numbers, images and soundsRaw, unprocessed facts, including text, numbers, images and sounds

Four common types of files:Four common types of files:

• Document file: created by word processorsDocument file: created by word processors

• Worksheet file: created by spreadsheetsWorksheet file: created by spreadsheets

• Presentation file: created by presentation graphics programsPresentation file: created by presentation graphics programs

• Database file: created by database management systemsDatabase file: created by database management systems

Connectivity, Wireless Revolution and InternetConnectivity, Wireless Revolution and Internet

• Connectivity: Connectivity:

• Wireless revolutionWireless revolution

• Network: communication systems connecting two or more computersNetwork: communication systems connecting two or more computers

Internet: Internet:


Visual SummaryVisual Summary

Competencies Five parts of Information System System Software and Application Software

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