Comparison of Power output by Airfoil shaped 3-Blade and 4-Blade Vertical Axis Wind Turbine for the local wind conditions MADHUSUDAN.M.A 1 , Lecturer, A.P.S. College of Engineering, Bangalore MANJUNATH. B 2 Lecturer, A.P.S. College of Engineering, Bangalore Abstract: With depletion of fossil fuels, there is increased dependency on non-conventional energy sources for generation of electricity. Conversion of wind energy to electricity is one among them. While large wind farms are already in existence to produce several megawatts of power, small roof-top wind energy convertors are gaining popularity for individual customers. This paper contains a study of two small vertical axis wind turbine for generation of electricity. The selected NACA 6409 airfoil as the wind turbine blades showed that the optimized angle of attack for the airfoil (blade) was 8 0 for the design maximum wind speed of 15 m/s. Assuming the wind turbine location at Bangalore, at an elevation of 15 m from the ground level was assumed to achieve the minimum cut in wind speed of 5 m/s required. By using double multiple stream-tube model through SCILAB code, the solidity, Tip Speed Ratio and number of blades were optimized through an iterative process to compare the power coefficients, and the power developed by the wind turbines were estimated. The results culminated in a configuration which had 3-blades with a solidity of 0.45 and Tip Speed Ratio of 6. Key Words: Airfoil, Angle of attack, coefficient of lift, coefficient of drag, Solidity, Tip Speed Ratio, VAWT, SCILAB code. Introduction: Wind power is an alternative to fossil fuels, is inexhaustible, widely distributed, clean, renewable, and produces no green house gas emissions during operation. Exploitation of wind energy is not new and dates back to 200 B.C when Persians used “wind wheels” for grinding food grains. Wind mills first appeared in Europe during the middle ages and by the 14 th Century, Dutch wind mills were used to drain excess water from the river basins [1]*. The effort of over a millennium of windmill development culminated in “wind turbines” for generating electrical power. The first electricity- generating wind turbine was a battery charging machine installed in 1887 by James Blyth of Scotland. A few years later, American inventor Charles Brush built the first automatically operated wind turbine for electricity production. *Number within the parenthesis indicates serial number of reference listed at the end of the report. Today, however, new wind machines are beginning to appear on the landscape, as windy rural areas tap a unique opportunity to benefit from wind power. Modern wind turbine technology now makes it possible to generate cost-effective, clean, renewable electricity on a scale ranging from a single wind turbine for an individual landowner up to large, utility-scale "wind farms." Declining costs and improving technology are quickly making electricity generated from wind energy competitive with all types of non-renewable fuels, like new coal-fired regeneration. Worldwide there are now over two hundred thousand wind turbines operating with installed capacity of 2,82,482 MW as of end 2012. The major capacity sharing is by the European Union (1,00,000 MW); United States (50,000 MW) and China (50,000 MW). India has an installed wind power capacity of January 2013 and account for 6.5% of world total wind power capacity. Wind power accounts for 8.5% of India’s total installed power capacity, and it generates 1.6% of the country’s power. With the advent of t echnology, interest in small wind turbines (300 to 10000 W) is increasing for roof top application either independently or in combination with solar photovoltaic power generators. 1. Wind Power Development in India: The development of wind power in India began in the 1990s, and has significantly increased in the last few years. Although a relative newcomer to the wind industry, India has the fifth largest installed wind power capacity in the world according to recent survey. According to “Global Wind repor t 2012-13”, wind power generation in India is 18421 MW, which accounts for 6.5 % of total wind power developed in the world. Wind power accounts for 8.5 % of India’s total installed power capacity, and it generates 1.6 % of the country’s power [2]. As per recent survey the installed capacity of wind power in India was 18421 MW, states which are the main source of wind power in India are as listed in Table 1.1. Ministry of New and Renewable Energy (MNRE) has announced a revised estimation of the potential wind resource in India from 49,130 MW assessed at 50m Hub heights to 102,788 MW assessed at 80m Hub height. The wind resource at higher Hub heights that are now prevailing is possibly even more.
12
Embed
Comparison of Power output by Airfoil shaped 3-Blade and 4 ...pesitsouth.pes.edu/rise/papers/mech/ME048.pdf · The selected NACA 6409 airfoil as the wind turbine blades showed that
This document is posted to help you gain knowledge. Please leave a comment to let me know what you think about it! Share it to your friends and learn new things together.
Transcript
Comparison of Power output by Airfoil shaped 3-Blade and 4-Blade
Vertical Axis Wind Turbine for the local wind conditions
MADHUSUDAN.M.A1,
Lecturer, A.P.S. College of Engineering, Bangalore
MANJUNATH. B2
Lecturer, A.P.S. College of Engineering, Bangalore
Abstract: With depletion of fossil fuels, there is increased dependency on non-conventional energy
sources for generation of electricity. Conversion of
wind energy to electricity is one among them. While
large wind farms are already in existence to produce
several megawatts of power, small roof-top wind
energy convertors are gaining popularity for individual
customers. This paper contains a study of two small
vertical axis wind turbine for generation of electricity.
The selected NACA 6409 airfoil as the wind turbine
blades showed that the optimized angle of attack for
the airfoil (blade) was 80 for the design maximum wind
speed of 15 m/s. Assuming the wind turbine location at Bangalore, at an elevation of 15 m from the ground
level was assumed to achieve the minimum cut in wind
speed of 5 m/s required. By using double multiple
stream-tube model through SCILAB code, the solidity,
Tip Speed Ratio and number of blades were optimized
through an iterative process to compare the power
coefficients, and the power developed by the wind
turbines were estimated. The results culminated in a
configuration which had 3-blades with a solidity of
0.45 and Tip Speed Ratio of 6.
Key Words: Airfoil, Angle of attack, coefficient of lift, coefficient of drag, Solidity, Tip Speed Ratio,
VAWT, SCILAB code.
Introduction: Wind power is an alternative to fossil
fuels, is inexhaustible, widely distributed, clean,
renewable, and produces no green house gas emissions
during operation. Exploitation of wind energy is not
new and dates back to 200 B.C when Persians used
“wind wheels” for grinding food grains. Wind mills
first appeared in Europe during the middle ages and by
the 14th Century, Dutch wind mills were used to drain
excess water from the river basins [1]*.
The effort of over a millennium of windmill development culminated in “wind turbines” for
generating electrical power. The first electricity-
generating wind turbine was a battery charging
machine installed in 1887 by James Blyth of Scotland.
A few years later, American inventor Charles Brush
built the first automatically operated wind turbine for
electricity production.
*Number within the parenthesis indicates serial
number of reference listed at the end of the report.
Today, however, new wind machines are beginning to
appear on the landscape, as windy rural areas tap a
unique opportunity to benefit from wind power.
Modern wind turbine technology now makes it possible
to generate cost-effective, clean, renewable electricity
on a scale ranging from a single wind turbine for an
individual landowner up to large, utility-scale "wind
farms." Declining costs and improving technology are
quickly making electricity generated from wind energy
competitive with all types of non-renewable fuels, like
new coal-fired regeneration.
Worldwide there are now over two hundred thousand
wind turbines operating with installed capacity of
2,82,482 MW as of end 2012. The major capacity
sharing is by the European Union (1,00,000 MW);
United States (50,000 MW) and China (50,000 MW).
India has an installed wind power capacity of January
2013 and account for 6.5% of world total wind power
capacity. Wind power accounts for 8.5% of India’s
total installed power capacity, and it generates 1.6% of
the country’s power. With the advent of technology,
interest in small wind turbines (300 to 10000 W) is increasing for roof top application either independently
or in combination with solar photovoltaic power
generators.
1. Wind Power Development in India:
The development of wind power in India began in the
1990s, and has significantly increased in the last few
years. Although a relative newcomer to the wind
industry, India has the fifth largest installed wind
power capacity in the world according to recent
survey. According to “Global Wind report 2012-13”,
wind power generation in India is 18421 MW, which
accounts for 6.5 % of total wind power developed in the world. Wind power accounts for 8.5 % of India’s
total installed power capacity, and it generates 1.6 % of
the country’s power [2].
As per recent survey the installed capacity of wind
power in India was 18421 MW, states which are the
main source of wind power in India are as listed in
Table 1.1.
Ministry of New and Renewable Energy (MNRE) has
announced a revised estimation of the potential wind
resource in India from 49,130 MW assessed at 50m
Hub heights to 102,788 MW assessed at 80m Hub height. The wind resource at higher Hub heights that