“The Effectiveness of Neem Tree (Azadirachta Indica) Leave Extract in the Mortality Rate of Cockroach” An Investigatory Project Presented to The Faculty of Don Felix Serra National High School San Joaquin, Iloilo In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements in Research II Angelie Santolaja And
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“The Effectiveness of Neem Tree (Azadirachta Indica) Leave
Extract in the Mortality Rate of Cockroach”
An Investigatory Project Presented to
The Faculty of Don Felix Serra National High School
San Joaquin, Iloilo
In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements in
Research II
Angelie Santolaja
And
Mary Rose Siva
SSC - IV
ABSTRACT
This study was conducted to determine the
insecticidal effect of the Neem tree (Azaradichta indica)leaf
extract against cockroaches. The study was conducted at Don Felix
Serra National High School from November 15, 2008 to January 15,
2009. Cultured cockroahes were used as the subjects of the study.
They were treated with different levels of concentration of Neem
tree leaf extract to find out if this substance has any
insecticidal effect on them. Three trials for each level of
concentration were made to determine the consistency of the
effect of the Neem tree leaf extract at different levels of
concentrations. It was found out that Neem tree leaf extract was
effective in killing cockroaches at all levels of concentration
It was concluded that Neem tree leaf has a very high insecticidal
effect against cockroaches.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
The researchers would like to express their sincere and deepest
gratitude to all who generously offered their valuable assistance
and supervision at the beginning and the end of the writing and
making of this research study.
To our Almighty God for the enlightenment, for giving the
authors the good health and disposition they badly need to
accomplish this requirement.
To Dr. Aurora N. Saquibal, school principal, for approving
the conduct of this study;
To Mrs. Mae Setubal, research paper adviser, for sharing her
time, untiring support, guidance, encouragement and patience in
the completion of this study;
To the computer teachers of DFSNHS for allowing us to use
the computer in researching and editing this paper.
To the family of the authors, for their financial and moral
support for the realization of the study
In addition, to those people who the investigators fail to
mention who contributed a lot for the completion of this study.
Again, a million thanks to all!
Angelie and Mary Rose
TABLE OF CONTENTS
PAGE
Abstract i-ii
Acknowledgement ii-iii
CHAPTER I
Background of the Study 1-2
Statement of the Problem 3
Hypotheses 6
Significance of the Study
5-6
Definition of Terms 7
Scope and Delimitations 4
Conceptual Framework 2
CHAPTER II – RELATED LITERATURE 8-25
CHAPTER III – METHODOLOGY
Research Materials and Equipments
Procedure/Experimental Design
Gathering Data
Treatment of Data
CHAPTER IV – RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Findings
Analysis of Data
CHAPTER V – SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
Summary
Conclusion
Recommendation
APPENDIXES
A
B
C
D
Schematic Diagram
Pictures
Introduction
Background of the study
In recent years, the study of herbal plants has become a
great interest among scientist and researchers. The variety of
products that may be obtained, along with its uses is one major
factor that leads to its unique importance in today’s modern
living. On the other hand, the use of insecticides has become
common. Its discovery has shifted medical technologists focus
from a broad point to a less fine direction considering the
possibilities that herbal plants may give.
In the vast island of the Philippines, herbal plants are
widely found because of the favorable climate. Different parts of
these plants are being used such as the roots, bark and leaves as
a substantial remedy for their illnesses as well as for other
things.
Neem tree contains certain components and properties that
can poison and paralyzed insects. Neem tree leaves for instance
can irritate mosquitoes.
Disease causing insects are present practicably anywhere and
everywhere and best of all in places where grime and dirt makes
it residence. Although tiny as they maybe, one should consider
their potential in blaring havoc to its victim.
1
The first means of preventing the spread of diseases brought
about by these pests is through proper home management and
sanitation. From this point, it is important that people should
learn to sanitize. In this connection the researchers wants to
find out the pesticidal activity of Neem tree leaves extract to
cockroach.
Conceptual Framework
Independent Moderator Dependent Variable
Variable
amount
of
extract
Mortality rate
Neem tree
Leave
Extract amount
Of
water
2
Statement of the Problem
This research study aims to find out the effectiveness of
Neem tree leave extract in the mortality rate of cockroach.
Specific Objective
This study has the following specific objectives:
1. To find out if Neem tree leave is effective as cockroach
killer.
2. To determine the concentration that would be most
effective in killing cockroach.
100% solution
50% solution and 50% water
75% solution and 25% water
3. To find out a significant difference in the effect of the
different concentrations of the Neem tree leave extract as
cockroach killer based on the mortality rate of the
cockroaches.
3
Scope and Delimitation
The solution to be used in the experiments is not
commercially prepared ones. It was simply prepared in the
compound of the researcher’s school. Thus, it could be guaranteed
that the said sample could not compete in terms of desirable
properties with the commercially prepared ones. Moreover, the
leaves used are not constantly fine, young and in some case
contains deformed or damaged parts. This may have interfered with
the results expected.
The study was restricted for cockroach use only and not
including other house pests as it may not be effective. The
variables in this study were limited to 100 grams of leaves. The
respondents were 18 cockroaches respectively.
This study will be conducted at Don Felix Serra National
High School, Real St. Purok 1 San Joaquin, Iloilo. The study was
started October 28 2008 and will last on February 2009.
4
Significance of the Study
Many people find ways in order to control the growth or
spreading of pests that may harm family’s health. Different use
of alternative such as insecticide and pesticide has been used to
control pests. Neem tree leaves compared to chemical in stores is
an alternative and environment friendly pest busters. Moreover
Pollution in land, water and air is lessened because the
concentrations are all biological materials. Hence these are some
of the beneficiaries of the said study;
Housewives – they can save money and restrain from spending
too much for the use of insecticides because these alternative
insecticide cost nothing and is very abundant in the locality.
Farmers – It would give them idea about other plants in the
community which could halter or control the growth of insects
which could destroy their crops. It would mold them to be
observant and resourceful.
Agriculturist – it would give them the inspiration to
discover and investigate other species of plants to be used in
the development of new products for the purpose of bringing
harmony in both home and agricultural industry.
5
Other Researcher – it would give them new ideas and
furthermore it would pursue them to add or improve the study and
advances it to the next level prior to the increasing demands of
the society.
Lastly, government officials may be able to use and improve
this product for distribution and or production for further
economic income of the country and thus saving funds spent for
importing such products.
Hypotheses
The following hypotheses were assumed in the study:
1. There is no significant difference in the mortality rate of
cockroaches between the commercial insecticide and the
different concentrations in each extracts.
2. There is no significant difference in the time interval
between the commercial insecticide and the different
concentrations in each extracts for which the cockroaches
died.
6
Definition of terms
Extract – juice from a plant
As used in the study, extract is the juice obtained
from the leaves of neem tree and mahogany leaves.
Leaves – a part of a plant
As used in the study, leaves are where the extract is
obtained.
Cockroach – nocturnal beetle-like insect
As used in the study, cockroach is the respondents to
be used in the experiment.
Mortality – the condition of being sure to die sometime
As used in the study, mortality is the number or
frequency of deaths in a given period of time relative to the
population of the cockroaches in every trial.
Neem - Is a tree in the mahogany family Meliaceae. It is one of
two species in the genus Azadirachta, and growing in tropical and
semi-tropical region.
As used in the study, neem refers to a plant where its