Sant et al. IEJDTR, 2017; 6(1): 386-389 386 ISSN: 2454-311X COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF ANTI-MICROBIAL EFFICACY OF CURCUMA ORAL GEL AND CHLORHEXIDINE GEL ON THE PERIODONTAL PATHOGENS: AN IN-VITRO STUDY ANKIT SANT 1 , DEEPAK DAVE 2 , PHORAM PATEL 1 , HARSHIL ZAVERI 1 1 Post Graduate student, Department of Periodontology, K. M. Shah Dental College, Vadodara, 2 Professor and HOD, Department of Periodontology, K. M. Shah Dental College, Vadodara, Gujarat, India. Corresponding Author: Dr Ankit Vilas Sant, Department of Periodontology. M. Shah Dental College, Vadodara, Gujarat, India. Email: [email protected], Contact: +917600490588 ABSTRACT Aim: To comparatively evaluate the antimicrobial efficacy of 1% Curcuma Oral Gel with 2% Chlorhexidine Gluconate gel on gram negative periodontal pathogens: Porphyromonas Gingivalis (P. Gingivalis), Prevotella Intermedia (P. Intermedia), Fusobacterium Nucleatum (F. Nucleatum) and Aggregatibacter Actinomycetemcomitans (A. Actinomycetemcomitans) in in-vitro conditions. Materials and Method: Nutrient agar plates were inoculated by rubbing sterile cotton swabs dipped into bacterial suspensions of P. gingivalis, P. intermedia, F. nucleatum and A. actinomycetemcomitans over the entire surface of the plate. Three such sets were prepared. After inoculation, 10 mm diameter five wells were cut into the surface of each agar plate. 1% Curcuma Oral gel and 2% Chlorhexidine gel were added into wells in 4 different plates containing above mentioned 4 different bacteria and distilled water was used. Plates were incubated and the diameter of zone of inhibition was measured. The mean score of zones of inhibition were calculated and statistical analysis was done. Results: 2% Chlorhexidine gel had edge over 1% Curcuma gel in inhibiting the growth of micro-organisms. 1% Curcuma gel was more effective against P.intermedia compared to P.gingivalis, F.nucleatum and A.actinomycetemcomitans. 2% Chlorhexidine gel was more effective against A.actinomycetemcomitans and F.nucleatum compared to P.gingivalis and P.intermedia. Conclusion: 1% Curcuma oral gel can create a new horizon in the field of chemical agents that can be used as an adjunct to mechanical periodontal therapy and can serve as a cheaper alternative compared to 2% Chlorhexidine gel. Keywords: Chlorhexidine gel, Periodontal Pathogens, Turmeric gel INTRODUCTION Periodontal disease eventually leads to tooth loss, if left untreated. It is among the most widespread oral bacterial disease. 1,2 Although bacteria belonging to more than 630 different taxa exist in the oral cavity, only 10– 15 bacterial species are recognised as potential periodontal pathogens. 3 Of them, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Prevotella intermedia and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans are recognised as the major pathogens for initiation and progression of destruction of tooth supporting structures. The levels of P. gingivalis, P. intermedia and other anaerobic bacteria are seen to increase in adult onset periodontitis. While P. gingivalis and A. actinomycetemcomitans are strongly associated with localised aggressive periodontitis, P. intermedia is predominantly associated with the development of necrotising ulcerative gingivitis. 4 Longitudinal and retrospective studies have demonstrated an increased risk of periodontal breakdown in A. actinomycetemcomitans and P. gingivalis positive sites and better post-treatment results in their absence. 5 India has a rich history of using plants for medicinal purposes. Turmeric (haldi), a rhizome of Curcuma longa, is a common antiseptic used in traditional system of Indian medicine. It may be a more acceptable and viable option for the common man. It has proven properties like anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antimicrobial, hepatoprotective, immunostimulant, antiseptic, antimutagenic, and it also accelerates wound healing. 6 Curcumin, the main yellow bioactive component of turmeric, has been shown to have a wide spectrum of biological actions. 7 Literature reports have shown that curcumin has anti-inflammatory and antibacterial activities, suggesting its potential to be used as a subgingival agent. 7 Safety evaluation studies have indicated that both turmeric and curcumin are well tolerated at a very high dose without any toxic effects. 7 To the best of our knowledge, there are currently no studies assessing the efficacy of turmeric gel with the various periodontal pathogens, using the disc diffusion method. Hence, the present study will comprehensively report the antimicrobial potential of turmeric gel on these key periodontal pathogens. It will also assess and compare the in vitro efficacy of turmeric gel with the gold standard 2% chlorhexidine gel.
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Sant et al. IEJDTR, 2017; 6(1): 386-389 386
ISSN: 2454-311X
COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF ANTI-MICROBIAL EFFICACY OF CURCUMA ORAL GEL
AND CHLORHEXIDINE GEL ON THE PERIODONTAL PATHOGENS: AN IN-VITRO STUDY