Community Diagnosis FPT_chapter 4

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Chapter IV

PRESENTATION, INTERPRETATION AND ANALYSIS OF DATA

This chapter presents the data gathered during the survey made. It

also shows the interpretation and the analysis of the data and its

implications to the health of the people living in the community.

A. General Community Profile

General community profile tackles the community in general.

Specifically, it includes the history, the different organizations formed, their

leadership styles, programs and services offered. It also comprises the

peoples perceptions regarding these agencies. This also gives

background knowledge on how the community evolved, who contains it,

what are their ways of living, and who are the people responsible for its

development.

Community History

General Santos City has 26 barangays. One of these is Barangay

Olympog. Its name originated from a Blaan word Colympog which

means cogon. Formerly, it was known to be a sitio of Barangay Conel. On

1990, the city council passed Resolution No. 03, series of 1990 separating

Sitio Olympog from its mother Barangay Conel, primarily to cope up with

the planning and implementing of government programs, projects, and

other activities that have vital importance to its populace. This was


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supported by a majority of votes cast during a plebiscite conducted by the

Commission on Election, last February 24, 1990, favoring its separation.

It is composed of ten puroks. These are Purok 1, Purok 2, Purok 3,

Purok Sampao, Purok Biscayda, Purok Balsinang, Purok San Vicente,

Purok Tucanop, Purok Kidam, and Purok Balakayo.

Purok Balakayo was originally inhabited by the native Blaan

people. The Blaans were known to be as private people. When a group

of settlers coming from Cebu and other places went to Balakayo on the

1960s, most of the Blaans kept their distance and went uphill leaving the

place to the Visayan people. It was Datu Kalib Santiago who owned most

of Balakayo. When more people came to the place, he sold some parts of

the land with an affordable price.

There are different accounts on how the place of Purok Balakayo

got its name. The current Purok Chairman, one of the first Visayan

settlers, said that the word balakayo originated from malakayo, a Blaan

term that means a place without water. Another first settler said that

balakayo means woods or forest since the place before was abundant of

trees.

On the 1970s, the first chapel was built and was made of light

materials. During this year, the MILF (Moro Islamic Liberation Front) went

to the place and attacked those who were against them. Some of the

cornfields were burned and some people were hurt.

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On 1980, Purok Balakayo was able to have an easier access to

water. The water coming from the spring which was kilometers away from

the center of the purok was already being delivered through a pipe

system with the help of the late Mayor Antonino Acharon. On the next

year, he also initiated in building the elementary school.

On 1985, the NPA (New Peoples Army) came into the place and

killed and hurt people who were against them as well as those who would

not give them anything. Houses were ransacked leading the people of

Balakayo to vacate the place for their own safety. For quite a long time,

the people of Balakayo lived at other places. When the NPA vacated the

place after many years, the people came back and restored what was left

while some did not came back due to fear that it would happen again.

On 2002, the purok was able to have its electricity. The money

which was used for the access of electricity was the peoples prize for

winning as the cleanest purok in the city.

Community Leadership and Organization

Purok Balakayo, as part of Barangay Olympog is run by leaders

elected by the community people. The barangay is run by a barangay

captain who is currently held by Honorable Abeto A. Gulle with his set of

barangay kagawads. They have the authority to make decisions for the

good of the community. The barangay also has a secretary within their

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Hon. Abeto A. GulleBarangay Captain

Guadalope V. CagasBarangay Secretary

Ester D. Carde oBarangay TreasurerFigure 3.

Organizational Chart of Barangay Olympog Officials

John L. GuymonBarangay Kagawad

Sergio A. OclaritBarangay Kagawad

Herlito R. RodriguezBarangay Kagawad

Marjun P. Carde oSK Chairman

Apolonio D. AmoraBarangay Kagawad

Ruben B. Umas-asBarangay Kagawad

Estelito Q. Carde oBarangay Kagawad

Rogelio G. MeigoBarangay Kagawad

Hon. Abeto A. GulleBarangay Captain

Guadalope V. Cagas

Barangay Secretary

Ester D. Carde oBarangay Treasurer


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Apolonio D. AmoraBaran a Ka awad

Ruben B. Umas-asBaran a Ka awad

Estelito Q. Carde oBaran a Ka awad

Rogelio G. MeigoBaran a Ka awad

Hon. Ricardo N. DaydayCommittee on Beautification

Hon. Mesael D. GamoCommittee on Infrastructure

Hon. Nicanor SicadCommittee on Agriculture

Hon. Gaspar L. Gac-angCommittee on Education

Hon. Edgar C. BarconCommittee on Sport

Hon. Concordio H. MaratasCom. on Peace and Order

Hon. Rogelio PaglinawanPurok Chairman

Celia C. OrosPurok Secretary

Charity C. Sicad

Purok Treasurer

Garry M. CagasSK Chairman

Figure 4.Organizational Chart of Purok Balakayo Officials


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Table 1Frequency Distribution of Purok Balakayo Residents

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in terms of Community Organization

Community Organization Frequency Percentage

FRAME 23 31.51

GKK 8 10.96

SK 6 8.22Purok Officials 6 8.22

Women and Life 11 15.07

None 19 26.02

Total 73 100

The different community organizations present in the community

are presented in Table 1. One resident does not necessarily mean he/she

has only one organization. Some people participate in two or more.

Majority of these people are participants of the FRAME, Family Resource

Allocation and Management Enhancement which constitutes 31.51% of

the total households involved in different organizations.

The FRAME was espoused by the local government of General

Santos City in order to alleviate poverty. This said project was adopted by

Mayor Darlene Antonino-Custodio from BSRP, Bayanihan Savings

Replication Project which is community-based savings microfinance

and enterprise development program that helps low-income families

handle their financial capabilities and manage their livelihood

(www.journal.com).

FRAME finance committee chairman Marcelino E. Dospueblos said

the project was first implemented in 2003 with P2,750 savings collected

from the P10 weekly contribution of the members and added, Now the

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project has P30-million funds coming from the contribution of 32,000

members from the citys 26 barangays.

There are 26.02 of total households who do not engage in any

community organizations. 15.07% belongs to the women and life

organization. Those who join the religious organization of GKK constitute

a percentage of 10.96. The Sangguniang Kabataan and Purok Officials

both consist 8.22% of the total households.

Putting an organization in the community is a big factor which will

contribute to its development. This seeks to empower individuals and

groups of people by providing these groups with the skills they need to

affect change in their own communities. The groups involved are working

with common agenda to help build relationships with key people and

organizations, as well as to identify common concerns. The people

who lead generate opportunities for the community to learn new skills and

to enable people to act together.


in terms of Type of Organization

Type of Organization Frequency Percentage

Religious 8 10.96

Political 35 47.95

Women and Life 11 15.07None 19 26.02

Total 73 100

Table 2 shows the type or classification where one organization

belongs. The political type of organization comprises 47.95% of the total

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household members who actively participate in different organizations.

26.02% do not have any type of organization. 15.07% belongs to the

women and life organization, and 10.96% are members of a religious

organization.

All Societies recognize political leadership roles of some sort.

These are roles in which individuals generally have authority related to

broad areas of concern for their society. Purok Officials and members of

Sangguniang Kabataan are allowed to make decisions concerning the

group as a whole. They are often expected to lead community

discussions and act as spokesmen in dealing with outsiders. They have

power to control or at least strongly influence the behavior of others within

the society by their powers of persuasion and use of legal system. They

usually play a central role in defining their society's goals and public

policy.

Government Organizations and its Programs and Services

The Family Resource Allocation and Management Enhancement

(FRAME) provides values formation, livelihood, and financial management

seminars, loan programs, and other economic activities aimed at

increasing the income of its members. Members within the community

conduct their meeting every Sunday. A representative from each

household is encouraged to gather and attend the meeting.

The purok is actively participating in the different programs

inititiated by the local government of General Santos City especially those

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which will greatly contribute and benefit their community. The officials also

include in their programs operations such as clean up drive and basketball

league.

Non-Government Organizations and its Programs and Services

The community people also recognize the existence of

organizations which are run by non-government leaders. The religious

organization such as GKK conducts tree planting and feeding programs. It

is led by Mr. Nicanor Sicad Jr. as the president. Every first Saturday of the

month, they gather at Lagao Parish. Ministry, social actions such as

outreach programs are included in their services.

Peoples Perception and Participation from Programs and Services

The people in the community are generally optimistic and

participative with regards to the different programs and services offered by

government and non-government organizations. The community people

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readily accept any kind of help from these organizations as long as it will

bring them good.

The government organizations are Family Resource Allocation and

Management Enhancement (FRAME), Purok Officials, and Sangguniang

Kabataan (SK). On the other hand, the non-government organizations are

Ginagmayng Kristohanong Katilingban (GKK), and Women and Life

Organization.

Table 3 presents that there are 127 registered voters in Purok

Balakayo which comprises 73.41% of the people who are of legal age and

46 who are not registered comprising 26.59%. Political participation,

especially in the form of voting, is essential to democracy. Full

participation on the part of every citizen is a democratic ideal. Political

participation most often produces political stability.


in terms of Registered Voter

Registered Voter Frequency Percentage

Yes 127 73.41

No 46 26.59

Total 173 100

Among those who are registered voters, there were 122 residents

who were able to vote during last elections as shown in Table 4 while only

5 residents were not able to vote. Generally, the residents at the purok are

willing and interested of participating in the elections because these make

them feel that they are part of the country and a nations people.

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Table 4Frequency Distribution of Purok Balakayo Residents in terms of

Registered Voters who Voted during Last Elections

Voted During Last Elections Frequency PercentageYes 122 96.06

No 5 3.94

Total 127 100

Nature of Leadership of each Organization

Each organization found in the community uses a systematic nature

of leadership by which a chosen leader or head is assigned in an

organization. It creates an orderly method of job assignment and referral

system. The power of the organization is most concentrated at the tier of

the oganizational framework headed by the president or chairman. The

usual leader-follower-situation approach is being implemented where in

the leader initiates and directs the followers.

Leadership Style and Process

The leadership style is a unique process of managing and running

an organization. Participative or democratic style is the most common

style of leadership present within the community.

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This style involves the leader including one or more employees in

the decision-aking process. However, the leader maintains the final

decision making authority. This style is of mutual benefit since it allows

them to become part of the team and allows better decision making.

Table 5 presents the problems and concerns identified by the

people in the community. The topmost concern of the community people

are their comfort rooms with 35 residents who identified it making up

28.23% of all the identified concerns. Next concern identified by 27

residents or 21.75% of the population of 124 residents is on their

livelihood. Water supply is the next concern of 15 residents or 12.10%. 8

residents did not perceive any problem. Electricity and Malnutrition were

both identified by 7 residents each. 6 residents were concerned of the

road surface. Both education and school supplies were also of concern of

5 residents. 4 residents also identified problems in medical supplies. 3

people identified problem in waste disposal. Hygiene and alcoholism were

of concern of 1 respondent each.


Problems/Concerns Present in the Community

Present Problems/Concerns in theCommunity

Frequency Percentage

Comfort Room 35 28.23

Education 5 4.03

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Electricity 7 5.65

Livelihood 27 21.75

Malnutrition 7 5.65

Hygiene 1 0.81

Alcoholism 1 0.81

Road Surface 6 4.84

Waste Disposal 3 2.42

School Supplies 5 4.03

Water Supply 15 12.10

None as perceived 8 6.45

Medicine Supplies 4 3.23

Total 124 100

It is important for the community people to identify problems

existing in their community in order for them to address it, determine

available resources as well as to set priorities, and take part in planning,

implementing, and evaluating the health actions.

These will become a basis for prioritization and implementation of

the plans and programs that will generally benefit the community as a

whole and empower the people in it in order for them to have a sense of

ownership.

B. Physical and Geographical Data

Land Area and Boundary

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Barangay Olympog is approximately approximately 5, 000 hectares

in land area. It is composed of five (5) puroks. One of its Puroks is Purok

Balakayo wherein it is located between Barangay Conel (West) and Purok

Sansapan (East). Sanchez Peak is located on its north and Purok Kidam

on the South. The total land area of Purok Balakayo is approximately

1,000 hectares according to Barangay Captain Abeto Gulle.

Settlement and Road Pattern

The settlements found in the community of Purok Balakayo are

mostly composed of ordinary types of housing materials such as nipa,

kalakat, bamboo and coco lumber while there are also some houses that

are made of scrap and of concrete. The road patterns of the community

are not well-developed. The road is not concrete but mostly composed of

rocks especially lime stones. The houses also do not have any particular

arrangement.

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Land Use

According to the government, the area of Purok Balakayo is an

ancestral domain of the Blaan tribes and stewardship is the primary

ownership type in the area. However, almost all of the members of the

tribe went to another place after many people came and lived to their land.

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The Blaan spiritual attachment to the land is well documented.

They gradually lost their customary land and country through

unscrupulous dealings. Others also negotiated separately with the Blaan,

buying off their land with an amount of money or for barter exchange such

as carabaos. They also had their traditional nomadic life which partly

explains why the Blaan tribe

were almost gone to this place

(http://cpcabrisbane.org).

The majority of the land area in Purok Balakayo is agricultural in

nature. The people in the area made use of the land in the livelihood such

as cultivation of farmlands and slash-and-burn farming (kaingin system).

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The majority of the residential homes are located at the center of

the place (Centro) but some were distant because of the convenience on

the livelihood reach and some are caretakers of the land. Other well-

known owners of some of the land have their own business such as

gamefowl breeding/rooster-raisers, Zipline Adventure Park and others.

Climate

Purok Balakayo experiences temperate climate with usual seasons

of rainy and sunny days.

Topography and Terrain

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Purok Balakayo is a combination of plain and mountainous areas.

It has grassy and elevated rough terrains.

Physical Resources

The physical resources of Purok Balakayo include many of the

famous landmarks owned by influential people. These count the Octagon

of Fiscal Jamora, Lautengcos rest house, numerous poultry, 5

th

Mountain

Adventure Park with Zipline and Cable car owned by Mr. Betonio, and the

highest peak in Gensan, the Sanchez peak. These spots are considered

to be a good contribution for the development of the communitys tourism

aspect which will lead to more opportunities and provision of jobs for the

people.

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Purok Balakayo has five (5) churches, an elementary school,

electric posts as sources of electricity, lamp posts for lighting, and five (5)

water sources.

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They also have sari-sari stores and vulcanizing shop. Community

people also enjoy with their other recreational areas such as Basketball

court, Billiard hall and Videoke areas.

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The People


in terms of Years of Residency in Purok Balakayo

No. of Years of Residency Frequenc

y

Percentage

0 - 1 years 11 16.67

1.1 - 3 years 12 18.18

3.1 - 5 years 5 7.57

more than 5 years 38 57.58

Total 66 100

Table 6 shows that most of the people who live in Purok Balakayo

are already residents for more than five years which comprises 57.58%.

There are 18.18% of the total households who are already residing for 1.1

up to 3 years. 16.67% of the households are new to the community who

live there already not more than a year and there are 7.57% who resides

there for 3.1 to 5 years.

The number of years of residency implies significance in terms how

people are able to adapt in the community. The longer people resides in a

community, the higher are their knowledge of that community and the

chances of being accustomed of that community.

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Transport in general, and accessibility of people, jobs and services

in particular, is assumed to have an important impact on the residential

choice behavior of households. After all, the amount of activities that can

be deployed by the household members, whether labor, leisure or socially

correlated is determined by the accessibility of a location. The location of

adequate housing, whether urban or rural, must permit access to

employment opportunities, health care, schools, child care and other

social facilities (http://ideas.repec.org).

Table 7Frequency Distribution of Purok Balakayo Residentsin terms of Reason for Residency

Reason For TransferFrequenc

y Percentage

Accessibility to resources 12 18.18

Close to Relatives 6 9.09

Land Ownership 7 10.61

Marriage 7 10.61

Tenant 2 3.02

Work/Employment 30 45.45

Resident Pastor 1 1.52

None: Resident of Balakayo 1 1.52

Total 66 100

People coming from other places have different reasons of residing

in Purok Balakayo as shown in Table 7. Majority of them resides because

of work and employment with 45.45% of the total households. 18.18% of

the households resided to access resources present in the community.

Land ownership and marriage are the reasons for residing by both having

10.61% of the households. 9.09% have the reason of residing to be close

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to their relatives place. 3.02% of the total households are tenants. 1.52%

belongs to both the resident pastor and a resident of Purok Balakayo.

Table 8 shows that majority of the people came from the

community itself, Purok Balakayo in Barangay Olympog with a percentage

of 18.18 among the total households as well as on its nearby community

in the west, Barangay Conel. 13.62% are residents who came from Cebu

city. 9.09% came from Davao city. There are 4.55% of each of the

residents coming from Malungon, Silway, and Sultan Kudarat. Glan, Purok

San Vicente, Purok Upper Labay, and Pagadian all have 3.02%

households each and theres a percent among each of the places of

Bacolod city, Lanao del Norte, Marbel, Purok Kidam, Purok Sampao,


in terms of Place of Origin

Place of Origin Frequency Percentage

Bacolod City 1 1.52Cebu City 9 13.62

Conel 12 18.18

Davao City 6 9.09

Glan 2 3.02

Lanao del Norte 1 1.52

Malungon 3 4.55

Marbel 1 1.52

Purok Balakayo, Barangay Olympog 12 18.18

Purok Kidam, Barangay Olympog 1 1.52

Purok Sampao, Barangay Olympog 1 1.52Purok San Vicente, Barangay Olympog 2 3.02

Purok Sansapan, Barangay Olympog 1 1.52

Purok Upper Labay, Barangay Olympog 2 3.02

San Roque, Silway 3 4.55

Sultan Kudarat 3 4.55

Polomolok 1 1.52

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Tacurong 1 1.52

Lagao 1 1.52

Pagadian 2 3.02

Cagayan Valley 1 1.52

Total 66 100

Purok Sansapan, Polomolok, Tacurong, Lagao, and Cagayan Valley.

This data implies that most of the people come from the nearby

communities which allow them to easily access on the community. The

people from Cebu city are considered to be one of the settlers in the

community.


in terms of Dialect

Dialect Frequency Percentage

Native B'laan 1 1.52

Ilonggo 2 3.02

Tagalog 1 1.52

Bisaya 60 90.92

Kaolo 2 3.02

Total 66 100

Table 9 presents that majority of the people uses Bisaya as the

dialect they use in communicating comprising a 90.92% of the total

households. Others use Ilonggo and Kaolo with both 3.02%. Native Blaan

and Tagalog are both used by 1.52% each of the total households.

It shows that Bisaya dialect is used by many families in order to

communicate which is a good indicator since people using common and

mutually accepted language or dialect will lead to understanding and

miscommunications will be avoided.

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Language is not only a vehicle for the expression of thoughts,

perceptions, sentiments, and values characteristic of a community; it also

represents a fundamental expression of social identity. Edward Sapir said:

"the mere fact of a common speech serves as a peculiar potent symbol of

the social solidarity of those who speak the language." In short, language

retention helps maintain feelings of cultural kinship (Sapir, 2000).


in terms of Ethnicity

Ethinicity Frequency Percentage

B'laan 1 1.52

Cebuano 60 90.92

Tagalog 1 1.52

Ilonggo 2 3.02

Kaolo 2 3.02

Total 66 100

Table 10 shows that 90.92% of the households occupying the

community are Cebuanos. Ilonggo and Kaolo both comprise 3.02%

whereas Blaan and Tagalog both comprise 1.52% of the households.

Ethnicity of people has a big impact on the community since

members identify each other a common heritage consisting of a common

language, common culture, and common religion. Since Purok Balakayo

mosly have Cebuanos as occupants, it is not difficult for them to adapt and

intermingle with each other. Culture is a set of beliefs, values, and

assumptions about life that are widely held among a group of people and

that are transmitted across generations (Leininger, 2002).

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Culture develops over time and is resistant to change. It takes

many years for individuals to become familiar enough with what a

community has used to do or practice.

C. General Household Data

This section presents the demographic data of the community. This

includes the household compositions, age, sex, civil status, religion, and

educational attainment. These indicators serve as an initial data of the

community people from which health problems can be identified.

Distribution of Profile according to Age

Table 11 shows the frequency distribution of the residents in Purok

Balakayo in terms of age. Age refers to the length of years of an

individual living while gender talks about a range of characteristics

distinguishing between male and female, particularly in the cases of men

and women and the masculine and feminine attributes assigned to them.

The different level of age with its corresponding gender has its own

following effect in the societys status like in the socioeconomic area.

Almost of the population consists 29.64% of young adults with

17.14% male and 12.50%. The least age distribution is 2.14% wherein it

is under young old consisting of 1.06% both in male and female. The

infancy stage has a 3.93% over-all percentage with 2.50 % in female and

1.43% in male. Toddlerhood has 2.86% in female and 1.79% in male for a

total of 4.65%. In preschool, 3.93% were female and 2.50% male for a

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6.43% as a total percentage. There is a total of 17.15% in the school age

having 7.86% female and 9.29% male. The adolescence is comprised

with 6.43% female and 11.43 male and has its over-all percentage of

17.86%. Lastly is the middle adult having 7.86% distributed in female

while 10.36% for the male side and a total of 18.22%.

Table 11Frequency Distribution of Residents of Purok Balakayo in terms of

Age in relation to Gender

Age Gender Frequenc

y

Percentage

Neonatal (birth - 28 days)Female 0 0.00

Male 0 0.00

Infancy (1 month - 1 yr.)Female 7 2.50

Male 4 1.43

Toddlerhood (1.1 yr. - 3 yrs.)Female 8 2.86

Male 5 1.79

Preschool (3.1 yrs. - 6 yrs.)Female 11 3.93

Male 7 2.50

School Age (6.1 yrs. - 12 yrs.)Female 22 7.86

Male 26 9.29

Adolesence (12.1 yrs. - 20 yrs.)Female 18 6.43

Male 32 11.43

Young Adult (20.1 yrs - 40 yrs.)Female 35 12.50

Male 48 17.14

Middle Adult (40.1 yrs. - 65yrs.)

Female 22 7.86

Male 29 10.36

Young - Old (65.1 yrs. - 74 yrs.)Female 3 1.06

Male 3 1.06

Middle - Old (75 yrs. - 84 yrs.)

Female 0 0.00

Male 0 0.00

Old - Old (85 yrs. & above)Female 0 0.00

Male 0 0.00

Total 280 100

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The highest distribution in the age group belongs to males and

females in young adult stage while the least belongs to group of young-old

stage. Majority of the population is mostly composed of the productive

age. This implies that the community people are mostly able to support

their families by establishing their own occupation and livelihood.

Dependent individuals like those in infancy and young-old stage are

minimal.

The variation in age and gender group has a major effect in the

national status. Most of the people work and reach their productive life in

the age bracket of young adulthood from 20 to 40 years old. For the

female population during the young adulthood stage both works at an

organization or resides at home and does household chores. In the male

area, physical labor is the most common type of having an income like

being a construction worker. The population also consists of children and

teenagers wherein their first priority is to go to school and have their

education.

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Distribution of Profile according to Gender

The Distribution of profile according to gender is shown in Table 12.

It shows that there are more males than females showing a result of 55%

over 45%. This result is affected by the nature of occupation present in the

community.

In relation to the occupation, majority of males are farmers and the

community is dependent on their agricultural products. They are also the

breadwinners of their families since majority of the females are

housewives.


In terms of Gender

Gender Frequency Percentage

Male 154 55.0

Female 126 45.0

Total 280 100

Distribution of Profile according to Number of Household Members

Table 13 shows that majority of the households have atleast 3 to 4

members comprising 45.45% of the total households. There are 24.24% of

the households with 1 to 2 members. 13.64% of the households have 5 to

6 members, 10.61% have 7 to 8 members, 3.02% have 9 to 10 members,

1.52% have 11-12 members, and another 1.52% of the households have

above 12 members.

Table 13

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Frequency Distribution of Purok Balakayo Residents in terms ofNumber of Household Members

No. of Household membersFrequenc

yPercentage

1 - 2 Members 16 24.243 - 4 Members 30 45.45

5 - 6 Members 9 13.64

7 - 8 Members 7 10.61

9 -10 Members 2 3.02

11 - 12 Members 1 1.52

Above 12 Members 1 1.52

Total 66 100

Family size can be a contributor to their social and economical

status. Financial conditional of family is profoundly related to the size of

the family. A living cost of large family is much higher than small family. A

large family has more expenses on the daily basic family needs whereas

expenses in small family are very low. A child in a small family receives

more support from their parents than in large family. In large family,

parents have many child to look after, thus they may experience difficulty

in giving their best support to everyone whereas in small family, parents

can give more support to children as they have only one or two children to

look after.Family size also affect the health, especially that of the mother and

child. Frequent pregnancies can cause illness to both mother and children.

It can disrupt the health of the women. It puts mothers and babies health

at risk.

Distribution of Profile according to Marital Status

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The marital status of an individual indicates the reproductive and

social status of a community. Developed countries are often observed with

married couples. The productive capacities of individuals are affected by

the marital status.

As shown in Table 14, the community are composed of children

from 0 to 12 years old females with 17.14% and males with 14.64%. The

population is also comprised of children from 13-17 years old females

with 5.36% and males with 6.07%.


In terms of Marital Status

Marital Status Gender Frequency Percentage

SingleFemale 8 2.86

Male 33 11.79

Legally MarriedFemale 44 15.71

Male 49 17.50

Widowed

Female 3 1.07

Male 0 0.00

Divorced/SeparatedFemale 0 0.00

Male 0 0.00

Common LawFemale 11 3.93

Male 11 3.93

Child (0-12 Years Old)Female 48 17.14

Male 41 14.64

Child (13-17 Years Old-Youth Age)Female 15 5.36

Male 17 6.07

Total 280 100

The table shows that majority of the population belongs to those

who are legally married with 15.71% females and 17.50% males and the

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least are composed of 1.07% widowed females. There were no widowed

males as well as no separated couples.

It is clearly shown in the table that there were more males who are

single than the females which may affect the living status of the

community people in terms of marriage as well as economic aspects.

Marriage has its impact on the community especially on the

productivity of a certain household and its contribution on the economy of

the community. According to George Gilder, the engine that made the

economy run is marriage and family. It is because when one gets married,

he becomes more responsible, he settles down, and he focuses on work

in order to provide and support the needs of the family members.

Distribution of Profile according to Religion

Religion is a collection of cultural systems, beliefs, and world views

that establishes symbols that relate humanity to spirituality and,

sometimes, to moral values. They tend to derive morality, ethics, religious

laws or a preferred lifestyle from their ideas about the human nature.

As Table 15 shows above, there are a 57.14% being in a Roman

Catholic religion, 22.14% for Alliance, 6.07% for Bagong Jerusalem, 5%

for Seventh Day Adventist, 3.93% for having no religion, 3.57% for

Assembly of God, 1.43% for Jehovahs Witness and 0.72% for Islam.

There are 7 different religions present at the community.

Table 15

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Frequency Distribution of Purok Balakayo Residents in terms ofReligion

ReligionFrequenc

y Percentage

Alliance 62 22.14Assembly of God 10 3.57

Bagong Jerusalem 17 6.07

Islam 2 0.72

Roman Catholic 160 57.14

Seventh Day Adventist 14 5.00

None 11 3.93

Jehovah's Witness 4 1.43

Total 280 100

As a community, there are lots of diversities involved and one of it

is the religion. Everyone has a right to choose their own religion and

beliefs. But even there is a difference in religion still being connected to

the community through this diversity helps the people to communicate

their differences and learn from one another.

Distribution of Profile according to Educational Attainment

Educational attainment is a term commonly used by statisticians to

refer to the highest degree of education an individual has completed.

Having education is the main element in having a brighter future since

almost of the jobs offered after high school or college requires a diploma

or any certificates to be accepted. Another reason would be acquiring

knowledge needed in answering situations for the upcoming future.


Educational Attainment (General)

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Educational Attainment (General) Frequency Percentage

Kindergarten/Preparatory 9 3.21

Non-formal Education 2 0.71

Elementary Level 94 33.57

Elementary Graduate 35 12.50

Highschool Level 54 19.29

Highschool Graduate 42 15.00

Vocational Graduate 5 1.79

College Level 2 0.71

College Graduate 3 1.07

Masteral Level 1 0.36

Children (0 - 3 years old) 28 10.00

None 5 1.79

Total 280 100

As shown in Table 16 which focuses on the general type of

educational attainment, there are 33.57% who are in their elementary level

while there is a 0.36% who had his masteral level. With this tabulation, it

shows that almost of the people living in the area had reached elementary

level compared to finishing college. For this primary reason, most of the

jobs taken are laboring, farming or being a housewife.

For the specific type of educational attainment, 15.36% had

reached their 4th year level in high school and the least are in the 1 st - 3 rd

year of college, post-grad with units and the day care having a 0.36%.


Educational Attainment (Specific)

Educational Attainment (Specific) Frequency Percentage

No Grade Completed 34 12.14

Day Care 1 0.36

Kindergarten/Preparatory 8 2.86

Grade I 18 6.43

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Grade II 13 4.64

Grade III 17 6.07

Grade IV 16 5.71

Grade V 23 8.21

Grade VI 42 15.00

1st Year HS 19 6.792nd Year HS 18 6.43

3rd Year HS 15 5.36

4th Year HS 43 15.36

Vocational Graduate 4 1.43

Vocational level 2 0.71

1st Year College 1 0.36

2nd Year College 1 0.36

3rd Year College 1 0.36

4th Year College or Higher 3 1.07

Post Grad w/ Units 1 0.36

Phd Graduate/ Master's Course 0 0.00Total 280 100

The reason for not completing the secondary and tertiary level is

due to the poor economic status according to most of the perceptions of

the people during the surveys.

D. Economic Data

Communities today face real challenges in this globalizing world.

Jobs and incomes are all tied to a community economy's effectiveness,

dynamism, and resiliency.

This section presents the economic data of the community.

Economic data is best represented by money or wealth as reflected in

employment income, home ownership, and other financial assets.

Socioeconomic status is a critical factor in determining access to health

care and the development of some chronic health problems

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Distribution of Profile According to Occupation

Occupation of the people influences the socioeconomic status of

their community. When productive individuals within the suitable age of

work force practices their occupations, significant sustenance of their

every day needs are able to be fulfilled and quality of life is also enhanced.

Salaries from their work are substantial indicators of the socioeconomic

state of the family and to the allocation to the various need of the family

are also taken consideration.

Table 18 shows the occupation of female residents of Puork

Balakayo 25.58 % are housewives, 23.23% are students, 16.28 % were

children aging from 0-5 years old, farmers and housekeepers got an equal

percentage of 10.08 %, 6.98 % are storekeepers, 3.10% are

businesswomen,1.55 % are caretakers, and teacher, factory worker,

barangay volunteer and househelper got an equal percentage of 0.78%.

It shows that most mothers serve their role as plain housewives in

their family. They were responsible in rearing and caring the children. A

housewife is not only responsible for the physical well-being of her family,

but she actively involved herself in the productivity of the estate like

producing vegetables form the garden and raising animals.


in terms of Occupation (Female)

Occupation (Female) Frequency Percentage

Housewife 33 25.58

None (0-5 yrs.old) 21 16.28

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Caretaker 2 1.55

Storekeeper 9 6.98

Farmer 13 10.08

Housekeeper 13 10.08

Business 4 3.10

Student 30 23.23

Teacher 1 0.78

Factory Worker 1 0.78

Barangay Volunteer 1 0.78

Househelper 1 0.78

Total 129 100

23. 23% of the female residents are composed of the students and

pupils. This means that this percentage is composed by nonworking age

groups. The wife's economic importance assured her a status which, in

practical terms, was close to being that of an equal partner with her

husband.

As compared to the females, there are more male occupants

present in the community. Table 19 presents the occupation of male

residents of Purok Balakayo. Being a farmer is the main occupation

representing 29.16% of the total population, 20.53 % are students, 15.89

% are caretakers, 11.26 % are children aging 0-5 years old, 7.95% are

unemployed and 15.21% is composed of other occupations.

Farming is a chief way of life in every country. People cannot live

without food, and nearly all their food comes from crops and animals

raised on farms.


in terms of Occupation (Male)

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Occupation (Male) Frequency Percentage

None 12 7.95

None (0-5 yrs. old) 17 11.26

Caretaker 24 15.89

Storekeeper 4 2.65

Farmer 44 29.16

Business 4 2.65

Maintenance 2 1.32

Carpenter 2 1.32

Student 31 20.53

Pastor 2 1.32

Motorcycle Driver 3 1.99

Tractor Driver 1 0.66

Teacher 1 0.66

Construction Worker 2 1.32Company Driver 1 0.66

Dicer 1 0.66

Total 151 100

Distribution of Profile according to Sources of Income

Family income affects the ability of a family to meet their needs.

Basic needs should always be first prioritized. Budget planners in the

family are mostly the mothers and budgeting should appropriately manage

to have financial stability.


in terms of Sources of Income

Source of IncomeFrequenc

yPercentage

Livestock and poultry raising 5 5.88

Crop farming and gardening 38 44.71

Business 9 10.59

Community, social and dental services 3 3.53

Transportation, storage and communication services 4 4.71

Construction 4 4.71

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Other Sources of IncomeFrequenc

yPercentage

Net Share of Crops, fruits and vegetablesproduced or livestock and poultry raised byother households

28 71.79

Rentals received from non-agriculturallands, buildings, spaces and otherproperties

1 2.56

Other sources not classified elsewhere 10 25.65

Total 39 100

Table 21 shows that the other sources of income among of the 39

households of Purok Balakayo had been mainly on Net share of crops,

fruits and vegetables produced or livestock and poultry raised by other

households. It comprised a total of 71.79%.

According to the community people, it is very necessary to have

sidelines or extra income in order to have money if harvest time is still not

around especially because majority of them depends on farming and

agriculture. This is also to help the women in the community who stays at

home to have their way of contributing in providing their families their

needs on a daily living basis as well as for them to feel their worth as

wives and mothers.

Distribution of Profile according to Estimated Monthly Income

Table 22

Frequency Distribution of Residents of Purok Balakayoin terms of Estimated Monthly Income

Estimated Monthly Income Frequency Percentage

P1 - P2,500 15 22.73

P2, 501 - P5, 000 21 31.83

P5, 001 - P7, 500 10 15.15

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P7, 501 - P10, 000 5 7.57

P10, 001 - P12, 500 5 7.57

P12, 501 - P15, 000 4 6.06

P15, 001 and above 6 9.09

Total 66 100

Table 22 shows the estimated monthly income of the residents of

Purok Balakayo. 31.83% or majority of residents had a range of two

thousand five hundred one- five thousand pesos a month, 22.73% had

income of one to two thousand five hundred pesos, 15.15% had five

thousand one to seven thousand five hundred pesos, 9.09% had fifteen

thousand one and above pesos, 7.58% on both income ranges of seven

thousand five hundred one to ten thousand pesos and ten thousand one

to twelve thousand five hundred pesos and 6.06% had twelve thousand

five hundred one to fifteen thousand pesos.

This result is is due to the nature of the jobs present in the

community. Since they are mostly involved in farming for which they

agreed upon to be the most convenient way of earning for their family

considering the place and the accessibility of the resources in the area as

well as in prolonging their income stability through this farming.

Distribution of Profile according to Housing Ownership

Table 23 presents the housing ownership of residents in Purok

Balakayo. 34 households were tenanted comprising of 51.52% on the

overall percentage. 36.36% of residents own their houses while 12.12%

only rents a house.

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Table 23Frequency Distribution of Residents of Purok Balakayo

in terms of Housing Ownership

Housing Ownership Frequency Percentage

Rented 8 12.12

Owned 24 36.36

Tenanted 34 51.52

Total 66 100

This setting is due to the prominent people who own large hectares

of land in the area and gives the community people the opportunities to

help in its maintenance as well as to serve as guardians of the place

through hiring them as tenant farmers or caretakers.

Distribution of Profile according to Type of Housing

Table 24 presents the type of house found in the community.

Results revealed that 86.36% of the residents had ordinary houses. 9.09%

had concrete houses while 4.55% had scrap houses.


in terms of Type of Housing

Type of Housing Frequency Percentage

Concrete 6 9.09

Ordinary 57 86.36

Scrap 3 4.55

Total 66 100

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A house may be made up of different construction materials and

many factors affect the use of these materials. These may be due to its

cost, preference of the individual in charge of the construction, as well as

the durability of the materials that will be chosen and used.

The results are confirmed by the community people which they

think is due to their initiative to utilize the resources already present in

their community to build their houses and mostly of these resources are

bamboo, coconut lumber, and nipa.

Families with greater income are able to afford and buy cement,

hollow blocks, and other concrete materials for their houses.

Distribution of Profile according to Land Ownership

Table 25 shows the land ownership of residents in the community.

46.97% of the residents were tenants of the lands, 33.33% owned them,

12.12% of the lands were not owned by the family but they served as

stewards and 7.58% only rented the land where they lived.


in terms of Land Ownership

Land Ownership Frequency Percentage

Owned 22 33.33

Rented 5 7.58

Tenanted 31 46.97

Stewards 8 12.12

Total 66 100

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This result is due to the more prominent persons buying large

hectares of land and open opportunities for other community people to

have work and to have a place to stay in as mentioned by them. Those

who already owned a land at the Purok are believed to be the first settlers

in the community and others had it passed over the generations within

their family.

Distribution of Profile according to Type of Land

Table 26 presents the type of land in the community where the

residents live. Data showed that 100% of the residents live on a rolling

type of land. This is due to the geographical location and set up of the

community since they are on mountainous terrains.


in terms of Type of Land

Type of Land Frequency Percentage

Plain 0 0

Rolling 66 100

Total 66 100

Distribution of Profile according to Appliances

An appliance is one of the indicators of the status of life of a family

in a community. The cost of living will greatly be affected and eventually

will increase as these appliances bring convenience to the family as well

as leisure.

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As shown in Table 27, most of the families have their televisions

comprising 27.62% of the residents. Following televisions, are radio

casettes which make up 22.86% of the population. There are residents

who do not have appliances in their homes and they account for 13.33%

which all have common reason absence of electricity. 9.52% each for

those with refrigerator as well as electric fans. There is a percentage of

4.76 for those with stero/component. 3.81% each for the residents with

karaoke and electric iron. 1.90% comprises the residents wiith

CD/VCD/DVD Player. Lastly, 0.95% each for those with LPG gas

stove/range, washing machine, and personal computer.

The people who have electricity utilize their appliances based on

their needs. Most of them have television and radio. These are both used

for news update as well as for leisure and fun.


in terms of Appliances

Household Appliances Frequency Percentage

Radio/ Radio Casette 24 22.86

Television 29 27.62

CD/VCD/DVD player 2 1.90

Stereo/Component 5 4.76

Karaoke 4 3.81

Refrigerator/Freezer 10 9.52

Electric fan 10 9.52

Electric Iron 4 3.81

LPG gas stove/range 1 0.95

Washing machine 1 0.95

Personal Computer 1 0.95

None 14 13.33

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Total 105 100

Distribution of Profile according to Household Gadgets

Aside from the number of appliances being an indicator of the

status of life of a family in a community, it could also be gadgets to which

will identify the status of ones family in the community.

As table 28 shows, there were 46 residents who have cellphones

making up a 68.66% of the total. 20 residents do not have any kind of

gadgets.


in terms of Gadgets

Household Gadgets Frequency Percentage

Cellphone 46 68.66

Printer 1 1.49

None 20 29.85

Total 67 100

However, there is 1 who have a printer in the community making it

1.49% of the population.These all make life easy and convenient.

Distribution of Profile according to Animal Raising

From livstock to poultry, there are many animals that benefit man in

a form of animal husbandry. The methods of raising animals varied in

different fields of animal husbandry until those effective and efficient

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Frequency Distribution of Residents of Purok Balakayoin terms of Animal Raising

Animal Raising Frequency Percentage

Carabao 9 9.67

Cow 9 9.67Pigs 6 6.45

Horses 2 2.15

Chicken 24 25.81

Chicken for egg laying 19 20.43

Rooster 3 3.23

Ducks 1 1.08

Goat 13 13.98

None 7 7.53

Total 93 100

Distribution of Profile according to Transportation Facilities

A means of transport is an important aspect in living, especially if

an individual needs to get around a far off distance. Transportation has

been improving over the years and its impact on the society is great. By

the help of transportation, prompt transfer of people, goods, and services

are faster and even more convenient.

Table 30 shows the frequency of transportation facilities used in the

community. 56.06% of the residents rented their own transportation facility

wherein they pay for them. 33.33% had their own transportation facility;

and 4.55% of the residents had a transportation facility that was lended to

them. There were four (4) households who had no owned, rented or

lended transportation facility. These comprised of 6.06% on the overall

percentage scores.

Table 30

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Frequency Distribution of Residents of Purok Balakayoin terms of Transportation Facilities

Transportation Facilities Frequency Percentage

Owned 22 33.33

Rented 37 56.06Lended 3 4.55

None 4 6.06

Total 66 100

Majority of the community people rent their transportation facilities.

This, according to them, is due to some financial constraints and their

manner of budgeting. They prioritize other needs than their transportation.

As for them, they need to allocate their budget more on food, education,

as well as on their organizations specifically FRAME.

Distribution of Profile according to Mode of Transport


in terms of Mode of Transport

Mode of TransportFrequenc

yPercentage

By foot 4 6.06

Bicycle 2 3.03

Habal-Habal 21 31.82

Motorcycle 38 57.57

Car 1 1.52

Total 66 100

The table shows the mode of transport used in the community.

Motorcycle was commonly used comprising of 57.57% on the overall

percentage scores. It was followed by Habal-habal (a term referring on a

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assistance of the motorcycle driver) with 31.82%; by foot with 6.06%;

bicycle with 3.03%; and car with 1.52%.

The community people confirmed that the fastest and most

convenient mode of transport is the utilization of motorcycles.

E. Medical Profile of the

Community

This section of the study deals about the entire medical profile of

the community in terms of how the people seek for their medical needs.

Distribution of Profile according to Immediate Source of Medical

Care (Institution)


in terms of Immediate Source of Medical Care (Institution)

Immediate Source of Medical Care(Institution)


BHC 41 50.00

Private Clinics 7 8.54

Hospital 20 24.39

None (Self-medication) 14 17.07Total 82 100

The table presents the source of medical care (Institution)

commonly chosen by the residents of the community. Based on the results

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gathered, 50.0% chose Barangay Health Center, 24.39% chose Hospital

and 8.54% chose Private Clinics. However, 17.07% of the residents used

not to go to any health institution instead prompted to self-medication.

This may imply that people in the community are oriented with the

services offered by BHS. On the other hand, this may also imply that most

of the community people have financial instability and are not capable of

consulting private practitioner because of the fee. The distance between

the community and the city proper is also a factor that had hindered them

in seeking medical attention in hospitals and private clinics.

Distribution of Profile according to Immediate Source of Medical

Care (Personnel)


in terms of Immediate Source of Medical Care (Personnel)

Immediate Source of MedicalCare (Person) Frequency Percentage

RHM 1 1.35

BHW 9 12.16

CHO Doctors 2 2.70

Hospital Doctors 22 29.73

Trained Hilot 1 1.35

Traditional Hilot 31 41.89

None (Self-medication) 8 10.81

Total 74 100

The table presents the source of medical care in terms of

personnel. Based on the results, residents commonly consult to traditional

hilots with 41.89%, hospital doctors with 29.73%, barangay health workers

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(BHW) with 12.16%, community health organization doctors (CHO

doctors) with 2.70%, and both rural health midwife (RHM) and trained hilot

with 1.35%. There were also residents who did not seek and consult to

any health personnel with 10.81%.

This implies that most of the community people are still engaging in

traditional way of managing illnesses. Health services and health

personnel should always be very available so that people can avail the

proper management to specific health problems.

Distribution of Profile according to Nutritional Status


in terms of Nutritional Status

AgeNutritional

StatusFrequency Percentage

Neonatal (birth - 28 days)

Below Normal 0 0

Normal 0 0

Above Normal 0 0

Infancy (1 months - 1 yr.)

Below Normal 2 4.76

Normal 4 9.52

Above Normal 0 0

Toddlerhood (1.1 yr. - 3 yrs.)

Below Normal 7 16.67

Normal 10 23.81

Above Normal 0 0

Preschool (3.1 yrs. - 6 yrs.)

Below Normal 11 26.19

Normal 8 19.05

Above Normal 0 0Total 42 100

The table presents the nutritional status of children aging 0-6 year

old. 26.83% from the preschool (3.1 yrs. - 6 yrs.) is below normal and

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19.51% is normal. In toddler stage, 21.95% is normal and 17.07% is below

normal. 9.76% from the infancy stage is normal and 4.88% is below

normal.

Majority of the children belonging to preschool age group are with

below normal body mass index. Malnutrition is the condition by an

improper balance between what an individual eats and what he requires to

maintain health. This can result from eating too little or may also imply an

incorrect balance of basic foodstuffs such as protein, fat, and

carbohdrates.

According to the community people, this may have been resulted

from eating too much junk foods and the lack of motivation for the children

to eat right especially when vegetables are being served. If not given

attention, this will likely affect the familys financial, emotional, physical,

and spiritual status and eventually may become one of the communitys

health deficits.

Distribution of Profile according to Pregnancy Status


in terms of Pregnancy Status

Pregnancy Status Frequency Percentage

Yes 1 1.85No 53 98.15

Total 54 100

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The table presents the pregnancy status of females on reproductive

age. 1 out of 54 females or 1.85% are pregnant while 53 or 98.15% were

not pregnant.

Pregnancy is a way of knowing the birth rate of ones population

and a factor for one community to endure and continue their way of life.

The community people agreed that in order to meet the needs of women,

there should be an access facility based care during pregnancy, childbirth,

and after the delivery. However, they also believe that this would be a long

term project. Strengthening them through community services would be of

big help to them especially to the nursing mothers.

Distribution of Profile according to Lactation


in terms of Lactation

Lactating Frequency Percentage

Yes 7 63.63

No 4 36.34

Total 11 100

The table shows that 63.63% of mothers with children below 1 year

old are breastfeeding their infants while the remaining 36.64% do bottle

feeding.

The mothers in the community had already acquired information

regarding the advantages of breastfeeding over formula feeding. They

believe that it is healthier if milk is given naturally to provide immunity to

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infections. They all agreed that this also promotes a maternal-infant

bonding. Moreover, this is the most convenient and inexpensive way of

providing what is best for their babies.

Distribution of Profile according to Deworming

Table 37 shows the deworming status of children aging 5-12 years

old age. 87.04% of the children are dewormed and 12.96% are not

dewormed.

Table 37

Frequency Distribution of Purok Balakayo Residentsin terms of Deworming

Deworming Data (5-12 years old) Frequency Percentage

Yes 47 87.04

No 7 12.96

Total 54 100

The results gathered implies that the community has improved

system of deworming children ages 5 to 12 years old. This was confirmed

by the residents since the elementary school present in their area provides

the children deworming services every 6 months.

School-age children typically have the highest intensity of worm

infection of any age group. In addition, the most cost-effective way to

deliver deworming procedure regularly to children is through schools

because schools offer a readily available, extensive and sustained

infrastructure with a skilled workforce that is in close contact with the

community. Regular deworming contributes to good health and nutrition

for children of school age, which in turn leads to increased attendance,

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reduced class repetition, and increased educational attainment

(www.who.int/wormcontrol).

Distribution of Profile according to Family Planning

According to World Health Organization, Family Planning allows

people to attain their desired number of children and determine the

spacing of pregnancies and it is achieved through use of contraceptive

methods.

Table 38 shows that majority of the respondents are acceptors of

family planning methods and are continuously practicing it and comprises

40.91% of the total percentage.


in terms of Family Planning

Family Planning Frequency Percentage

AcceptorContinuous 27 40.91

Not Continuous 6 9.09

Not Acceptor 33 50.00

Total 66 100

12.12% are acceptors but are not continuous user of family

planning methods. 46.97% are not acceptor of family planning methods.

According to the majority of the couples in the community, it is still up for

both partners to decide whether or not to consider family planning. As

most of them are acceptors of family planning, their primary reason falls

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within lifes crisis. Since majority agreed that nowadays, people tend to be

practical and reasonable.

Distribution of Profile according to Family Planning Methods

According to the acceptors of family planning, the method to be

used should be talked about and decided by the couple themselves.

With the assistance of health education, there are factors for them

to consider on the appropriate method to be used which includes age of

the woman, woman's reproductive stage, the effectiveness of a method,

their health status and their personal considerations.

Table 39 presents the family planning methods used by couples of

Purok Balakayo. Most of the couples used pills comprising 66.67% of the

total percentage, 21.21% uses IUD, and 12.12% uses Depo-provera. The

reason for most mothers to use pills is that they are inexpensive as well as

they are easy to avail and take.


in terms of Family Planning Methods

Family Planning Mehtod Use Frequency Percentage

IUD 7 21.21

Pills 22 66.67

Depo 4 12.12

Total 33 100

Distribution of Profile according to Supply of Water

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A safe, reliable, affordable, and easily accessible water supply is

essential for good health, but for several decades almost 1 billion people

in developing countries have lacked access to such a supply.

A poor water supply impacts health by causing acute infectious

diarrhea, repeat or chronic diarrhea episodes (Hunter, et. al, 2010).


in terms of Water Supply

Water Supply Frequency PercentageBought 49 74.24

Free 17 25.76

Total 66 100

Table 40 shows the water supply used by the residents of Purok

Balakayo. 74.24% of the total percentage bought their water while 25.76%

have free water supply.

The people of Purok Balakayo believe that proper maintenance and

storage of their water sources and supply is vital. They also agreed that it

can greatly affect their health by the maintenance of personal hygiene and

its use in their daily living.

Distribution of Profile according to Source of Drinking Water


in terms of Source of Drinking Water

Source of Drinking Water Supply Frequency Percentage

Bodies of Water 1 1.52

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Bottled/Purified/Distilled Water 4 6.05

Dug Well 1 1.52

Pipe System 60 90.91

Total 66 100

Table 41 presents the source of drinking water supply of the

households. Most of the household uses pipe system as their source of

drinking water comprising 90.91% of the total households, 6.05% uses

bottled water, and 1.52% from bodies of water and dug well.

Since majority of the people utilize the pipe system, use of boiling

process is necessary according to them. They knew for the fact that this

will make their water safe by its ability to remove undesirable

contaminants from the water.

Distribution of Profile according to Water Container Used


in terms of Water Container Used

Water Container UsedFrequenc

yPercentage

With Cover 61 92.42

Without Cover 5 7.58

Total 66 100

The table presents the water container used by the residents of

Purok Balakayo. 92.42% of the water containers used by the residents

have covers while 7.58% uses containers without covers.

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According to the community people, covered water containers are

important for keeping their water supplies free of bacteria and other

harmful entities.

For them, keeping it in a clean, sealed container is a simple way of

saving their family members lives from any sickness that may acquire

from using contaminated water.

Distribution of Profile according to Toilet Ownership

Table 43 presents the toilet ownership of the residents. It shows

that 36.36% of the household does not have toilet facility and uses/ shares

other toilet facility, 28.79% owns toilets, 21.21% owns a toilet and shares

it to other household, and 13.64% does not have any toilet facility.


in terms of Toilet Ownership

Toilet OwnershipFrequenc

yPercentage

Owned 19 28.79

Owned & Shared 14 21.21

None & Shared 24 36.36

None/Anywhere 9 13.64

Total 66 100

The people is aware of their condition as per toilet ownership.

However, they hold the same opinion that this type of project is costly and

they will be needing assistance.

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They know that household sanitation is first and foremost a

household responsibility and must be demand-responsive. They were able

to recognize the need for an action since they know for themselves that

shared ownership over a toilet facility is a threat to their own health.

Distribution of Profile according to Toilet Facilities

Table 44 presents the type of toilet facilities used by each

household. It shows that most of the household have water sealed type of

toilet which comprises 86.36%, 12.12% have unsanitary way of disposing

their wastes while 1.52% uses pit privy type of toilet facility.


in terms of Toilet Facilities

Type of Toilet Facilities Frequency Percentage

Water Sealed 57 86.36

Pit Privy 1 1.52

Unsanitary 8 12.12Total 66 100

Majority has the water-sealed type of toilet facility not only for the

reason that it increases user convenience but also in regards to its affect

to their health since the use of water eliminates odor and washes away

the contents of the pit.

According to the people, it is easier for them to use he pour-flush.

Sometimes, they utilize the so-called household waste water from their

dishes. It is readily available and inexpensive. It is also according to them

that water-sealed type removes their childrens fear of falling into the pit.

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Distribution of Profile according to Drainage System

Table 45 presents the type of drainage system of the households in

Purok Balakayo. 50% of the household have an open drainage system

and 46.97% does not have drainage system. Thoes with blind drainage

system were comprised of 3.03% of the total household.


in terms of Drainage System

Drainage System Frequency PercentageOpen 33 50

Blind 2 3.03

None 31 46.97

Total 66 100

Open ditches are common among rural areas. People creates a

long, narrow excavation in order for their household waste water to flow.

However, those with trees and weed growth along the ditch slow down the

water, causing excessive silting reducing the ditch capapcity. Thus, they

have to clear them from the channel. Stagnant waters could turn into

reservoir for the mosquitos to breed and reproduce threatening the health

of the people living near this ditches. In order to avoid this kind of

circumstance, the people collect their household waste water and use

them to water their plants instead.

Distribution of Profile according to Garbage Disposal


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in terms of Garbage Disposal

Garbage Disposal Frequency Percentage

Compost Pit 6 6.32

Anywhere 2 2.11

Burying 8 8.42

Burning 39 41.05

Dumping 10 10.53

Garbage Collector 30 31.57

Total 95 100

Table 46 shows the garbage disposal commonly practiced by the

residents of the community. Based on the results gathered, 41.05% of the

community practices burning, followed by the method of garbage

collecting with a percentage of 31.57, next is dumping of garbages which

comprises 10.53%, and 8.42% for burying. 6.32% disposes their garbage

at the compost pit and lastly, there were 2 households or 2.11% whose

garbage were disposed anywhere within the community premises.

Proper waste disposal is one way of preventing the community from

acquiring diseases. That is why, it is very significant that every household

should practice this. Based on the result, most of them are just burning

their garbage. This may imply hazard in terms of their health since they

will be inhaling the smoke produced by burning and also, it contributes to

the damaging of the ozone layer.

Distribution of Profile according to Garbage Container


in terms of Garbage Container

Garbage Container Frequency Percentage

With Cover 7 10.61

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Without Cover 59 89.39

Total 66 100

Table 47 shows the frequency distribution of Purok Balakayo

residents in terms of garbage container with or without cover. There were

59 households or 89.39% who does not use garbage container with cover.

On the other hand, there were 10.61% of the total households who uses

garbage containers with covers.

Based on the results gathered, majority of the family have

containers without cover and only few are using garbage containers with

cover. This may indicate that most of the families are not aware of the

relevance of proper waste disposal in preventing diseases and needs

proper health education regrding this matter.

Distribution of Profile according to Recycling


residents in terms of recycling. There were 59.09% or 39 households

answered yes while there were 40.91% answered no which it indicates

that most of them practice recycling.


in terms of Recycling

RecyclingFrequenc

yPercentage

Yes 39 59.09

No 27 40.91

Total 66 100

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This indicates that the people in the community are aware of the

importance of recycling in propagating a healthy environment. More than

50% of them are practicing this and it is a good indicator that this

percentage could increase with proper education.

Distribution of Profile according to Alcohol Drinking


in terms of Alcohol Drinking

Alcohol Drinking Frequency Percentage

Occasional Mild Drinker ( 1 glass once ortwice /month

13 4.64

Occasional Moderate ( 2 glass once ortwice /month

31 11.07

Occasional Heavy Drinker (> 2 glass onceor twice/ month)

20 7.14

Mild Drinker ( 1 glass/ day) 12 4.29

Moderate Drinker ( 2 glasses/ day) 1 0.36

Heavy Drinker (> 2 glasses/ day) 1 0.36

None 202 72.14

Total 280 100


Residents in terms of alcohol drinking. Based on the results gathered,

there are 72.14% none drinkers, 11.07% occasional moderate drinkers (

2 glass once or twice /month), 7.14% for occasional heavy drinkers (> 2

glass once or twice/ month), 4.64% occasional mild drinkers ( 1 glass

once or twice /month) and 0.36% for the mild drinker and moderate

drinker.

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Based on the results gathered, majority of them are none drinkers

which indicates that the people in the community are not used to drink

alcohol and they are aware of what are those disadvantages or effects of

alcohol to their health and they perceived that too much drinking alcohol is

bad for their health.

Distribution of Profile according to Cigarette Smoking


in terms of Cigarette Smoking

Smoking Frequency PercentageMild Smoking (1-3 cigarretes/ day) 32 11.42

Moderate Smoking (4-6 cigarretes/ day) 19 6.79

Heavy Smoking (> cigarretes/ day) 19 6.79

None 210 75

Total 280 100

The table shows the frequency distribution of Purok Balakayo

residents in terms of cigarette smoking. There are 75% who are none

smokers, followed by 11.42% for mild smokers (1-3 cigarettes/ day), 6.79

% for moderate and heavy smokers.

A big percentage of none smokers are there in the community

which indicates that majority of them are aware of the ill effects of smoking

that is why they are not engaging to it but the remaining 25% percent of

smokers is still an alarming number. This implies that proper education

regarding this matter should also be emphasized since even those none

smokers are predisposed to illnesses that smoking may give through

passive smoking.

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Distribution of Profile according to Common Illnesses

Table 51 presents the frequency distribution of Purok Balakayo

residents in terms of common illnesses. Based on the results gathered,

there are 36.84% for diarrhea and hypertension, 10.54% for amoebiasis

and 5.26% for goiter, cyst and complication during pregnancy or childbirth.


in terms of Common Illnesses

Common Illness (From January2011 onwards) Frequency Percentage

Diarrhea 7 36.84

Hypertension 7 36.84

Goiter 1 5.26

Cyst 1 5.26

Complications during pregnacy or childbirth 1 5.26

Amoebiasis 2 10.54

Total 19 100

This indicated that there were nineteen (19) persons being

identified to experience illnesses in the community starting from January

2011 until its third quarter of the same year. These illnesses could serve

as foundation and logic of interventions in public health and preventive

medicine. With proper education and management and referral system on

these illnesses, possible risks and complications as well as expensive

hospitalization may be prevented.

Distribution of Profile according to Common Manifestations

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Table 52 presents the frequency distribution residents in terms of

common manifestations. The most common manifestation experienced by

the community was fever with a percentage of 37.50%, followed by colds

with a percentage of 23.03%, 22.37% for the cough, next is the loose

bowel stools with 8.55%, 7.89% for the rashes and lastly for the abdominal

pain with a percentage of 0.66%.


in terms of Common Manifestations

Common Manifestations(From January 2011 onwards)


Fever 57 37.50

Cold 35 23.03

Loose bowel stools 13 8.55

Abdominal Pain 1 0.66

Cough 34 22.37

Rashes 12 7.89

Total 152 100

Based on the gathered data, most people in the community

experience fever, cold and cough. These common manifestations could be

an early indication of a possible or existing illness. With proper education

and intervention on these manifestations encountered, possible risks and

complications may be prevented and less expensive medical care and

further hospitalization may happen.

Distribution of Profile according to Causes of Death

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residents in terms of cause of death. Based on the result tallied, the most

common cause of death is premature delivery and abortion d/t

preeclampsia with a percentage of 21.43%, followed by the pneumonia

with a percentage of 14.29% and 7.14% for the fall, dehydration, liver

disease, heart attack, brain tumor and ulcer.


in terms of Causes of Death

Cause of Death in the Family Frequency Percentage

Pneumonia 2 14.29

Premature Delivery 3 21.43

Abortion d/t preeclampsia 3 21.43

Fall 1 7.14

Dehydration 1 7.14

Liver Disease 1 7.14

Heart Attack 1 7.14

Brain Tumor 1 7.14

Ulcer 1 7.14Total 14 100

Based on the gathered data, the leading causes of death in the

community were preventable if proper referral system, regular

medical/prenatal check-up and proper educations on health management

were given emphasis. Although there were only fourteen cases of death

being identified these could be possible indication on what health care

Community Diagnosis FPT_chapter 4

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