Community Assessment of Novi

Community Community Assessment of Assessment of

Novi, MINovi, MIMaryBeth Marie Shively

Three Areas From the Community Assessment

Wheel

01. Community Core 02. Education03. Health and Social Services

1. Community Core

0The core of the community is its people: history, values, characteristics and beliefs.

0Essential data: Describes the people and boundaries of your community.

1. Community CoreQuestions

0What are the vital statistics of the community?0How has the population changed?0What is the ethnic distribution?0What is the income distribution?0What is the age distribution in Novi, MI?0What is the geographic distribution in Novi, MI?0What is the obesity rate in Oakland County?

What are the vital statistics of the community?

0Vital statistics are quantitative data concerning a population, such as the number of births, marriages, and deaths.

What are the vital statistics of the community?

0For population 15 years and over in Novi city:0Never married: 25.1%0Now married: 61.4%0Separated: 0.6%0Widowed: 4.3%0Divorced: 8.6%

0Population, 20100 Novi 55,2240 Michigan 9,883,640

0Population, percent change, 2000 to 20100 Novi 16.5%0 Michigan 0.6%

0Population, 20000 Novi 47,386 0 Michigan 9,938,444

How has the population of the community changed?

0White alone - 39,228 (71.0%)0Asian alone - 8,756 (15.9%)0Black alone - 4,451 (8.1%)0Hispanic - 1,634 (3.0%)0Two or more races - 1,019

(1.8%)0American Indian alone - 96

(0.2%)0Other race alone - 38 (0.07%)

What is the ethnic distribution in Novi, MI?

What is the income distribution in Novi, MI?

In Novi

In MI

What is the income distribution in Novi, MI?

0 In 2010, Novi High School had:0 8% of students eligible for free or reduced price lunch

programs*

0 Michigan had:041% of eligible students for free or reduced price lunch

programs*

*Eligibility for the National School Lunch Program is based on family income levels.

What is the age distribution in Novi, MI?

0Persons under 5 years, percent, 20100Novi 5.8%0Michigan 6.0%

0Persons under 18 years, percent, 20100Novi 25.5%0Michigan 23.7%

0Persons 65 years and over, percent, 20100Novi 11.3%0Michigan 13.8%

What is the geographic distribution in Novi, MI?

0Persons per square mile, 20100 Novi 1,824.80 Michigan 174.8

0Land area in square miles, 20100Novi 30.260Michigan 56,538.90

What is the obesity rate in Oakland County?

0 Michigan's estimated 2007 total population is 10 million, with approximately 7.6 million adults. Of those adults, 36% are considered overweight and another 28% are considered obese, according to 2007 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System data. Problems are also seen in factors related to obesity and other chronic diseases.

0 One-in-five Michigan adults report no leisure time physical activity in the past month.

0 Only 21% of adults report eating fruits and vegetables at least five times a day.

0 The problem is not limited to adults alone. Over 16% of Michigan youth (9th–12th grades) are overweight, and another are 12% obese, according to 2007 Youth Risk Behavior Survey data.

2. Education

0The general educational status describes the adequacy of education for the needs of the community

0Essential data: Institutions, vocational skill needs.

2. Education Questions

0What are the education levels of adults of the community?

0What is the per pupil spending on education in Novi, MI?

0What is the teacher to student ratio in Novi, MI?0What is the test rating in Novi, MI?0What schools exist to Novi, MI?

What are the education levels of adults of the community?

0 49% of Novi residents age 25 and older have a bachelor's or advanced college degree

0 High school graduates, percent of persons age 25+, 2006-20100Novi 95.8%0Michigan 88.0%

0 Bachelor's degree or higher, percent of persons age 25+, 2006-20100Novi 55.7%0Michigan 25.0%

What is the per pupil spending on education in

Novi, MI?0The Novi spends $11,160 per pupil in current

expenditures

0The district spends 64% on instruction, 32% on support services, 3% on other elementary and secondary expenditures.

What is the teacher to student ratio?

0 In 2010, Novi High School had 17 students for every full-time equivalent teacher.

What is the test rating?

What schools exist to Novi, MI?

0The Novi school district comprises 9 schools that

serves 6,295 students in grades PK-12

What schools exist to Novi, MI?

0 Primary and secondary schools0Novi includes all or part of four public school districts

including: 0 Novi Community Schools0 Northville Public Schools0 South Lyon Community Schools0 Walled Lake Consolidated School District.

0Detroit Catholic Central High School0Franklin Road Christian School

0 Higher education0One of Walsh College's three campuses0The Art Institute of Michigan0 South University

3. Health and Social Services

0Resources in the community for health and social services

0Essential data: Consider the structure (what types of services), and the process (how accessible).

3. Health and Social Services Questions

0How many hospitals are in the city of Novi?0How many home care facilities are in Novi, MI?0Who in the community are the informal health care

"consultants", offering advice, education, and opinions?

0How many full-service restaurants are in Oakland County? How does this compare to the state of Michigan?

0How many grocery stores are in Oakland County?

How many hospitals are in the city of Novi?

0There is one hospital in Novi, MI. Providence Park Hospital opened on September, 5th 2008

How many home care facilities are in Novi, MI?

0There are seven home care facilities in Novi, MI0 Fox Run Home Health Agency0 Caring Nurses of Michigan, Inc.0 Briarwood Home Healthcare, Inc.0 Advanced Home Health Care, Inc.0 Erickson Retirement Communities Dba/foc Run Home

Health 0 Mercy Continuing Care0 The Would Care Team

Who in the community are the informal health care

"consultants", offering advice, education, and opinions?

0 Informal health workers are found in every health system, and the impact of their role increases as the strength of the formal sector weakens. Informal health workers who are not breaking any regulations can be significant players in some communities and deserve to be acknowledged, encouraged and supported.

Who in the community are the informal health care

"consultants", offering advice, education, and opinions?

0Political and other leaders in the community0Family members0Vendors acting as informal health workers 0Markets0Media

How many full-service restaurants are in Oakland

County? How does this compare to the state of

Michigan?

How many grocery stores are in Oakland County?

After a community assessment of Novi, MI was

made, a problem was identified

Several factors in the community assessment aid in

the prevalence of chronic disease

Indicators/statistical information to show how/why this is a problem

How many people are affected? 0The Diabetes Burden Report was developed by the DPCP

using the latest diabetes data in Michigan which shows that:0 Diabetes affects 25.8 million Americans (8.3% of the

population) and an estimated 1.65 million Michigan citizens.0 Pre-diabetes, a condition in which individuals have blood

glucose levels higher than normal but not high enough to be classified as diabetes, affects 79 million Americans, including 2 million citizens in Michigan.

0Diabetes prevalence in Michigan has consistently been higher than the nation as a whole. It is estimated

0701,000 Michigan adults have been diagnosed

with diabetes, and another 364,400 have undiagnosed diabetes.

0Over 1 million adults in Michigan have diabetes.

Wait…How many people are

affected? That is A LOT of people!!!

What contributes to or causes this problem?

0 Diabetes affects some groups of people more than others0Certain racial/ethnic groups0People of certain age0People of certain socioeconomic status0Physically inactive people0Overweight people0Those with familial predisposition to the disease

Table 1. Prevalence of Diagnosed Diabetes by Demographic Characteristics- Michigan, 2007-2009.

0 Diabetes affects some groups of people more than others:

0Certain racial/ethnic groups

0People of certain age0People of certain

socioeconomic status

Referring to Table 1. Prevalence of Diagnosed Diabetes by Demographic Characteristics- Michigan, 2007-2009.

Highest Prevalence by:

0Age: 65+(22.3% + 19.1%)0Gender: Male (9.8%)0Race/Ethnicity: Black,

non-Hispanic (13.3%)0Household Income:

<20,000 (15%)

Let’s rewind…

0White alone - 39,228 (71.0%)0Asian alone - 8,756 (15.9%)0Black alone - 4,451 (8.1%)0Hispanic - 1,634 (3.0%)0Two or more races - 1,019

(1.8%)0American Indian alone - 96

(0.2%)0Other race alone - 38 (0.07%)

What is the ethnic distribution in Novi, MI?

Narrowing down the factors by comparing Novi to the State of Michigan

Is ethnicity a factor?

In Michigan

In Novi

Narrowing down the factors by comparing Novi to the State of Michigan

Is age a factor?

0Persons 65 years and over, percent, 2010 011.3% in Novi013.8% in Michigan

In Michigan

In Novi

Narrowing down the factors by comparing Novi to the State of Michigan

Is household income a factor?

In Michigan

In Novi

Diabetes in Oakland County compared to Michigan

Oakland County is better than the state… so what is there to worry about??

Age, income and ethnicity are factors that increase risk of

diabetes. However, when comparing Novi, MI to the

state you will see that these factors are below the state.

The following methods can be used to get the public opinion about the prevalence of

diabetes and its associating risk factors in the community

0A mixture of both qualitative and quantitative data collection tools can be utilized:0 Observation method0 Census Data0 Follow-up Interviews

With this particular issue what data collection methods would you use to get public opinion about the problem and why? (Qualitative or Quantitative or a

mixture of both) Develop a data collection tool that contains at least 5 to 7 questions that you want/need to ask about this issue. Why are these questions

important?

0A mixture of both qualitative and quantitative data collection tools can be utilized:0 Observation method0 Census Data0 Follow-up Interviews

Observation Method

Strengths Weaknesses

Questions to be answered using the observation method0 What is the general lifestyle of people in the community?

0 Sedentary0 Active

0 What methods of transportation does the community use?0 Vehicles0 Public transport0 Walk0 Bicycle

0 What healthy living choices are available?0 Complete sidewalks?0 Fruits and vegetables at school lunches?0 Access to health care facilities?

Census Data

Strengths Weaknesses

Questions to be answered using census data

0How do you rank your socioeconomic status?0What is your occupation?0What is your work status in the past year?

Follow-up Interviews

Strengths Weaknesses

Questions to be answered using follow-up interviews0How do you feel about the communities view on

eliminating risk factors for diabetes?

0 If diagnosed with diabetes, have you been provided with patient education for:0Review foot care?0Exercise goals?0Dietary goals?

So, what else could it be? Or, in other words…

What are some barriers to solving this problem?

0 Is this a risk factor issue?0 Is this a priority issue and is it feasible to address? 0 Is there a lack of community interest?0 Is there a lack of resources?0 Is there a lack of information?

Let us recall…

0Obesity is a main risk factor for diabetes

One more time:What is the obesity rate in

Oakland County?0Of the adults in Michigan 36% are considered

overweight and another 28% are considered obese0One-in-five Michigan adults report no leisure time

physical activity in the past month.0Only 21% of adults report eating fruits and

vegetables at least five times a day

0Over 16% of Michigan youth (9th–12th grades) are overweight, and another are 12% obese

How are contributors to obesity affecting the youth in Oakland

County?

0Only 44% of the youth in these grade levels are meeting current physical activity recommendation levels.

0Only 17% eat fruits and vegetables five or more times a day

0Almost 30% drink at least one non-diet soda each day.

0Approximately one third watch three or more hours of television each day.

Is this a priority issue?

0Yes

YES

YES

YES

YES

YES

Why is this a priority issue and is it feasible to address?0 Communities have the power to create change, to push for

funding and sources to promote health and to demand that appropriate attention is given to the topics of their priority

0 During foodborne disease outbreaks, communities have the power to force a recall of a suspected food item… regardless of whether or not it caused the outbreak

0 If something is suspected to be a carcinogen, communities can demand testing and even removal of that carcinogen… even before its true effect is determined

0 …. It is definitely feasible

Is there a lack of community interest?

0Possibly0At first glance one may assume there is a lack of

community interest0But the problem may be in the leadership method

0 Poor leadership may hinder a communities ability to promote and create change

Is there a lack of resources and information?

0No. Resources are everywhere… but are they being utilized?

No? Ok, then describe any resources/assets in the

community that can help provide solutions

Resources/assets in the community that can help

provide solutions

Resources/assets in the community that can help

provide solutions0 Diabetes Partners in Action Coalition0 DPAC is a partnership of individuals and representatives of

organizations who work to reduce the impact of diabetes in Michigan.

0 DPAC Workgroups Include:0Advocacy and Public Policy0Communication and Public Awareness0Data, Research and Evaluation (DaRE)0Prevention0Training and Educations Programs

Resources/assets in the community that can help

provide solutions0Diabetes Self-Management Education Certification

Program0 To increase availability and improve the quality of diabetes self-

management education, the Michigan Department of Community Health, Certification Program has developed review criteria, based on national standards. The Certification Program staff provide consultation services related to the standards and certification process. Programs that meet criteria and are certified are eligible for Medicaid reimbursement.

Resources/assets in the community that can help

provide solutions0Diabetes Prevention Program

0Michigan's Diabetes Prevention Program began in 2005 as one of five state programs funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Division of Diabetes Translation (DDT). Through the Michigan Diabetes Prevention Program, public health programs have been created with community partners to address pre-diabetes and the primary prevention of type 2 diabetes.

Resources/assets in the community that can help

provide solutions0Michigan Partners on the PATH

0PATH (Personal Action Toward Health) is a chronic disease self-management program that helps participants build the skills they need for the day-to-day management of a chronic disease. PATH is a six-week workshop and covers topics including healthy eating, relaxation techniques, problem solving and communication skills.

Who is mostly affected by this problem?

What impact is it having on the community?

0 Diabetes costs the United States $174 billion annually and over $9 billion per year in Michigan.

0 If diabetes prevalence continues to grow at the same pace, the economic burden of diagnosed diabetes alone will double in size to $336 billion by 2034

0Obesity also affects the state's economy. In Michigan, the medical costs associated with adult obesity was $2.9 billion in 2003.

Yikes!

What stakeholders would care about addressing this issue? What resources do they offer to help

address the issue?

0Healthcare providers0 Insurance companies/payers0Public health officials0Michigan’s Nutrition, Physical Activity, and Obesity

Program (NPAO)

What stakeholders would care about addressing this issue?

0Healthcare providers0 Providers are incentivized by getting more money per-

member-per-month (PMPM) from payers if the health of their patients is above a certain measure

0 Healthcare providers have changed the way they practice from tertiary prevention (i.e. treating an already diagnosed disease) to first and secondary prevention, in which they try to reduce risk factors and health outcomes before they develop

What resources do healthcare providers offer to help address the

issue?

0Nutritional counseling0Referrals to appropriate weight control programs and

dieticians0Professional advice and education

What stakeholders would care about addressing this issue?

0 Insurance companies0 Insurance companies have now found benefit to keeping

patients healthy…. 0 Healthy patients means less administration costs and

more profit for the company0 Insurance companies want to avoid the cost of health

consequences that develop from risk factors

What resources do insurance companies/payers providers offer

to help address the issue?

0 Incentives for providers to keep patients healthy0Require follow-up and diagnostic testing for early

detection and early response of risk factors and disease

What stakeholders would care about addressing this issue?

0Public health officials0 To fulfill their mission statement

0Schneider (2011) defines the mission of public health as: “the fulfillment of society’s interest in assuring the conditions in which people can be healthy” and goes further to explain that public health is “organized community efforts aimed at the prevention of disease and the promotion of health.”

What resources do public health officials offer to help address the

issue?

0Advocacy for Medicaid coverage of childhood obesity0Healthy food access in underserved areas0Safe routes to school0Complete streets (streets designed for all users,

including bicyclists and pedestrians)

What stakeholders would care about addressing this issue?

0Michigan’s Nutrition, Physical Activity, and Obesity Program (NPAO)0 This project combines federal and state dollars to assess

community environments and implement changes to improve access to healthy foods and places for physical activity while changing individual behaviors and educating residents. 

What resources do Michigan’s Nutrition, Physical Activity, and Obesity Program

(NPAO) offer to help address the issue?

0 Improvements to community gardens.0Walking trail construction and/or enhancements;

park enhancements and promotion.0School changes (mobile salad bars, adding healthy

options to lunch choices, and replacing vending machine items with healthier options).

0 Increasing the fruit, vegetable, and low-fat dairy options at area gas stations and convenience stores.

Discussion

After completing your mini-report, discuss the surprising things you learn about your community?

Were there things you found disturbing? What were some positive aspects?

0 It is unfortunate that risk factors for such a debilitating disease are so prevalent. In some cases, familial genetics play a role in developing diabetes. However, in many other cases there are risk factors that could be eliminated through:0 Close follow-up0 Lifestyle changes0 Attitude changes0 Public policy0 Community coalition organizations to promote healthy

living

After completing your mini-report, discuss the surprising things you learn about your community?

Were there things you found disturbing? What were some positive aspects?

0 I was pleased to find that the community I live in has a lower prevalence for diabetes when compared to the state. This, however, should be taken with a grain of salt. Michigan has a very high rate of obesity, therefore, a better measurement for the health of my community would be to compare the health statistics with that of other states.

0 This statistic is very impressive/surprising and makes me proud to live in such a well-educated community:High school graduates, percent of persons age 25+, 2006-20100Novi 95.8%

Chronic Care Coordinator

0Diabetes Registry