Communicative competence presentation

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Communicative Competence

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Defining Communicative Competence

Hymes referred to

communicative competence as

that aspect of our competence

that enables us to convey and

interpret messages and to

negotiate meanings

interpersonally within specific

contexts.



In communicative competence, the first

two subcategories reflect the use of the

linguistic system itself; the last two define

the functional aspects of communication.

Grammatical Competence

Discourse

Sociolinguistic Competence

Strategic Competence



Language FunctionsThere are seven different functions of language.



Functional Syllabuses

National-functional syllabuses attended to

functions as organizing elements of a foreign

language curriculum.

The “functional” part of the national-functional

syllabus corresponded to what we have defined

above as language functions. Curricula were

organized around such functions as Identifying,

reporting, denying, declining an invitation, asking

permission, apologizing, etc.



Discourse Analysis

The analysis of the

relationship between

forms and functions of

language is commonly

called discourse

analysis.



Conversation Analysis

One aspect of the acquisition of

conversation competence is the

recognition and production of

conventions for accomplishing certain

functions.

Second language researchers

have studied such varied functions as

apologizing, complimenting,

disapproving and inviting.



Pragmatics

Pragmatic

constraints on language

comprehension and

production may be

loosely thought of as the

effect of context on

strings of linguistic

events.



(Phone rings, a ten-year-old child picks up

the phone)

Stefanie: Hello.

Voice: Hi, Stef, is your Mom there?

Stefanie: Just a minute. (cup the

phone, and yells) Mom! Phone!

Mom: (from upstairs) I’m in the tub!

Stefanie: (returning to the phone) She

can’t talk now. Wanna leave a

message?

Voice: oh, (pause) I’ll call back later.

Bye.



Language And Gender

Women appear to use language

that expresses more uncertainty

(hedges, tag questions, rising

intonation on declaratives, etc.)

than men, suggesting less

confidence in what they say. Men

have been reported to interrupt

more than women, and to use

stronger expletives, while the latter

use more polite forms.



Style And Registers

Martin Joos (1967) provided one of the most

common classifications of speech styles using the

criterion of formality:

An oratorical style

A deliberative style

A consultative style

Casual conversations

An intimate style



Nonverbal Communication

Language becomes distinctly human

through its nonverbal dimension, or what

Edward Hall (1959) called the “silent

language”.




Communicative competence presentation

Education