Communication Process. Communication …..is a process by which information is exchanged between individuals through a common system of symbols, signs,

Communication Process

Communication

…..is a process by which information is exchanged between individuals through a common system of symbols, signs, or behavior

The Communication Model

The Communication Model

• Sender – the one who transmits and encodes the message

The Communication Model

• Message – the Information that is exchanged between communicators

• Conveys meaning and feeling

The Communication Model

• Receiver – the person who intercepts the message and then decodes or interprets it.

The Communication Model

• Feedback – response to the message, can be verbal or nonverbal

The Communication Model

• Encoding – putting the message into words, pictures or gestures

The Communication Model

• Decoding – interpreting the sender’s message

The Communication Model

• Channel – the method, or medium, used to communicate information

The Communication Model

• Interference/Noise – anything that disrupts communication

There are 3 types of interference or noise.• Physical• Psychological• Semantic

The Communication Model

• Interference/Noise can be Internal or External• Interference can happen at any

point in the communication process.

The Communication Model

• Context – environment where communication takes place

• Occasion• People• Task• Place (+/ )‐• Time• Relationship between communicators

Climate (tone)

Barriers in the Communication Process

A barrier is any obstacle that blocks effective communication

Barriers in the Communication Process

• There are 5 barriers that affect all of our communications.

• Attitudinal• Cultural• Social• Educational• Environmental• Barriers, just like interference/noise, can be

internal or external.

Characteristics of a Competent Communicator

• Ethical• Integrity• Honesty• Aware of biases

• ResponsibleOn time, organized, listens, present for the other

• AccessibleAvailable, approachable, receptive, accepting of

questions

Types of Communication

Types of Communication

Intrapersonal CommunicationCommunication within yourself used to think about things, reason, and decide meaning

Includes self esteem‐

All communication begins at this level

Types of Communication

Interpersonal CommunicationCommunication between two people that allows you to engage in relationshipsAfter intrapersonal communication, you use this type of communication most often each day

Types of Communication

Small Group CommunicationFormal or informal communication between three or more people

Types of Communication

Public CommunicationOne person communicating to many

Includes a teacher lecturing to a class, a politician giving a campaign speech, a minister presenting a sermon

Types of Communication

Mass Communication

Distribution of messages to a large number of people by means of modern technologies

Examples of mass media include:*Radio *Magazines*Television *Newspapers*Film *Internet