1 COMMUNICATION BRIEF: KENYA NUTRITION SITUATION ARID AND SEMI-ARID AREAS LONG RAINS ASSESSMENT, JULY 2019 1.0. Key facts and messages • According to the integrated Phase Classification conducted in July 2019, nutrition situation has deteriorated in several counties (Figure 1). • The high malnutrition levels are mainly due to food insecurity with low milk production and consumption and increasing food prices observed in the most affected areas. This has resulted from the cumulative negative effect of the below average 2018 short rains and the late on set of the 2019 long rains. • High morbidity, limited access to health and nutrition services following scale down of integrated outreaches in some areas, poor child practices coupled with pre-existing factors such as poverty, high illiteracy and poor infrastructure have aggravated the problem. • Though rains have been received in selected parts of ASAL counties, the effect of the rains on milk availability will not be felt in the coming few months as animals will take time to breed as their body condition recover. Acute malnutrition levels are therefore expected to remain high during the projection period (Figure 2). • There is need to scale up interventions such as mass screening and integrated outreaches for early detection and treatment of affected children and PLWs and to consider Blanket Supplementary Feeding Program in most affected areas to prevent and mitigate the effects of acute malnutrition. • The total number of children 6 to 59 months requiring treatment of acute malnutrition is 623,814 while 69,325 pregnant and lactating women require treatment (Table 1). Figure 1: Current (LRA 2019) Nutrition Situation Map Figure 2: Projected Nutrition Situation Map
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COMMUNICATION BRIEF: KENYA NUTRITION …...1 COMMUNICATION BRIEF: KENYA NUTRITION SITUATION ARID AND SEMI-ARID AREAS LONG RAINS ASSESSMENT, JULY 2019 1.0. Key facts and messages •
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COMMUNICATION BRIEF: KENYA NUTRITION SITUATION ARID AND SEMI-ARID AREAS LONG RAINS ASSESSMENT, JULY 2019
1.0. Key facts and messages
• According to the integrated Phase Classification conducted in July 2019, nutrition situation has deteriorated in
several counties (Figure 1).
• The high malnutrition levels are mainly due to food insecurity with low milk production and consumption and
increasing food prices observed in the most affected areas. This has resulted from the cumulative negative
effect of the below average 2018 short rains and the late on set of the 2019 long rains.
• High morbidity, limited access to health and nutrition services following scale down of integrated outreaches
in some areas, poor child practices coupled with pre-existing factors such as poverty, high illiteracy and poor
infrastructure have aggravated the problem.
• Though rains have been received in selected parts of ASAL counties, the effect of the rains on milk availability
will not be felt in the coming few months as animals will take time to breed as their body condition recover.
Acute malnutrition levels are therefore expected to remain high during the projection period (Figure 2).
• There is need to scale up interventions such as mass screening and integrated outreaches for early detection
and treatment of affected children and PLWs and to consider Blanket Supplementary Feeding Program in most
affected areas to prevent and mitigate the effects of acute malnutrition.
• The total number of children 6 to 59 months requiring treatment of acute malnutrition is 623,814 while 69,325
pregnant and lactating women require treatment (Table 1).
Figure 1: Current (LRA 2019) Nutrition Situation Map
Figure 2: Projected Nutrition Situation Map
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Table 1: Summary of total caseload and targets, July 2019
County Global Acute Malnutrition children
6 to 59 months
Severe Acute Malnutrition,
Children 6 to 59 Months
Moderate Acute Malnutrition,
Children 6 to 59 Months
Pregnant and Lactating Women
Total Caseload
Target Total caseload Target Total caseload
Target Total caseload
Target
ASAL 558,318 307,233 112,297 84,223 446,021 223,011 67,537 67,537
Grand Total 623,814 345,249 133,365 100,025 490,449 245,225 69,325 69,325
2.0. Situation Overview and Key drivers According to the Integrated Phase Classification for Acute Malnutrition conducted in July 2019, nutrition situation has deteriorated in several counties compared to February 2019 (Figure 1) with Laisamis, Turkana South and North being in extremely critical phase (Phase 5; GAM WHZ ≥30 percent). North Horr, Turkana Central and West, Mandera, Wajir, Garissa as well as Tiaty in Baringo County were in critical phase (Phase 4; GAM WHZ 15.0 - 29.9 percent) while West Pokot and Isiolo Counties were classified in serious phase (Phase 3; GAM WHZ 10.0 -14.9 percent). Saku, Moyale, Baringo North and South were in poor phase (Phase 2; GAM WHZ ≥ 5 to 9.9 percent) while Laikipia, Kitui, Narok, Kajiado, Taita Taveta, Kilifi, Kwale and Lamu were in acceptable phase (Phase 1; GAM WHZ <5 percent).
The high prevalence of acute malnutrition is mainly attributed to poor food availability with low milk production and consumption and increasing food prices observed in the most affected areas This has resulted from the cumulative negative effect of the below average 2018 short rains and the late on set of the 2019 long rains. High morbidity, limited access to health and nutrition services following scale down of integrated outreaches in some areas such as Laisamis in Marsabit, poor child practices coupled with pre-existing factors such as poverty, high illiteracy and poor infrastructure have aggravated the problem. Rains have been received in selected parts of ASAL counties such as Turkana and pasture has regenerated. However, the effect of the rains on milk availability will not be felt in the coming few months as animals will take time to breed as their body condition recover. In this regard, acute malnutrition levels are expected to remain high during the projection period (Figure 2).
3.0. Recommendation for action
• Strengthen community/health facility linkages and scale up community level activities such as active case finding, mass screening and integrated outreaches in the most affected areas for timely detection and treatment of acute malnutrition among children under five years and PLW
• Ensure nutrition commodities are available to manage the increased caseload
• Advocate for food sector response to bridge the food gap at household level
• Consider implementing Blanket Supplementary Feeding Program (BSFP) for areas with high levels of acute malnutrition to prevent and mitigate the effects of acute malnutrition
• Increase program performance monitoring, nutrition surveillance and scale up IMAM surge approach through existing partnerships for early warning, system capacity adjustment and early action
• Continue nutrition capacity strengthening for improved health and nutrition service delivery
• Promote and strengthen already existing multi-sectoral engagement and collaboration to ensure coordinated multi-sectoral efforts and synergy to address contributory factors of acute malnutrition across sectors
• Continued advocacy and inclusion of nutrition outcomes for under-fives as core indicators in agriculture, WASH, education, food security and social protection programs for concerted efforts and accountability to prevent and reduce vulnerability to acute malnutrition especially in arid areas
• Update contingency and response plans as part of early action and response
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4.0. Detailed number of children who are acutely malnourished and in need
of treatment The total number of children 6 to 59 months requiring treatment of acute malnutrition is 623,814 while 69,325 pregnant
and lactating women require treatment (Figure 3 and Table 2).
Figure 3: Estimated Caseloads for GAM and SAM, February 2019
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Table 2: Estimated Caseloads and targets; GAM, MAM and SAM
5.0. Process and Methodology Analysis during the workshop applied the global protocols for Integrated Phase Classification for Acute Malnutrition Version 3. A three days training was done to the analysis team on the protocols with continued technical support throughout the analysis and report writing process. Groups with experienced technical leads were formed to allow for peer support especially for new analysts and plenary sessions held to allow for further technical review, inputs and consensus. Data was gathered from multiple sources such as representative surveys, mass screening, routine data from the DHIS2, outbreak reports and the National Drought Management Authority sentinel surveillance. Only data of acceptable quality was used in the analysis. The analysis resulted to a current situation update and projection of the situation. Severity of acute malnutrition was referenced against international standards (Figure 4) and key contributing factors both food security and non-food security related factors were identified using the IPC for acute malnutrition conceptual framework (Figure 5) as laid out in the analysis work sheet. Since both IPCs were conducted simultaneously, results from the IPC for acute malnutrition were included Food Security analysis and results from Food Security IPC were also included in the IPC for acute malnutrition analysis. Finally, response actions and risk factors to monitor were identified.
Figure 4: IPC for Acute Malnutrition Reference Table
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Figure 5: IPC for acute Malnutrition Analytical Framework