Communication and Interaction

Communication and InteractionB.Ed. Unit III

M.VijayalakshmiAssistant Professor

Unit IIICommunication and Interaction

Communication – Concept, Elements, Process, Barriers and Nature – Types of classroom communication – verbal, non – verbal classroom communication – its barriers and solutions

Meaning• ‘Communis’ – Latin Word – ‘to make

common’• Having common experiences with

others• Edgar Dale –

Communication is the sharing of ideas and feelings in a mood of mutuality

• Communication Media

Concept

• Act of communicating• Ideas, thoughts, feelings, etc. or transfer any

type of information and knowledge to others • Instruments, appliances, devices• Telephone, teleprinter, telegram, fax, e –

mail, radio broadcasting and telecasting• Two-sided affair• Sharing process• Verbal or non-verbal

Characteristics of Communication• It involves at least two persons• In it message is a must• It is written, oral or gestural• It is a two way process• Its primary purpose is to motivate a response• It is formal or informal • It flows up and down and also from side to side• It is an integral part of the process of exchange

Objectives of Communication

• To convey the right message• To serve coordination• To create industrial relations• To develop managerial skill• To create effectiveness of polices • To boost morale

Elements of Communication

The Source

The Message

The Channel

The Destination

Process of CommunicationCommunication

Media

Receiver

Communication Media

Sources of Communication

Communication

Material

Facilitators or Barriers

Of Communication

Responded Material

or Feedback

Facilitators or Barriers of

Communication

Process of Communication• The source of communication or sender of

the message• Contents of communication or message• Media or channel of communication• The Receiver of the communication• Response material or Feed back • Facilitators or Barriers of communication- Internal barriers of Communication- External barriers of Communication

Internal barriers of Communication

• Poor physical health or illness• Poor previous knowledge and general

knowledge• Poor mental health and improper

psychological make up• Handicapped in understanding the symbolic

expression, verbalism and graphical representation etc

External barriers of Communication• Noise and other similar distracters• Polluted environment• Invisibility• Environmental and physical discomfort• Improper functioning of the communication

channels• The non-cooperation or rivalries and

competitions among the participants• Lack of proper motivation , incentives, zeal and

enthusiasm – sender and receiver

Teaching as a Process of Communication

• Who – teacher, text-book, writer, T.V., presenter, radio broadcast etc.

• Says What – content of the lessons and text-books etc

• By What means – face-to-face speech, pictures, films, slides, radio, T.V. etc

• To Whom – learners• With What effect – reaction and feedback

Forms of Communication

Oral

Spoken Heard

Symbolic

Signs Gestures

Pantomime

Graphic

Written Art

Communication in Education

Teaching

Content

Methods Instruction

Communication

Media &Communication or

Instruction

No Projected Media

Software

Approach

Projected Media

Hardware

Approach

Communication Cycle

Content

Words

Listene

r

Content

Listener Words Effect

Effect Attitude Changed

Knowledge or Information Acquired

Behaviour

The Effects of Spoken Communication

Communication Cycle

SenderOr

Source

Message Or

Signal

MediumOr

Channel of

Communication

Receiver Or

Decoder

Classroom Communication

Sender (Teacher)

Receiver (Learner)

Formulates

Encodes

Transmits Message(Content)

Medium(Signs, Symbols, etc)

Message

via

Transmits

Decodes

Interprets

Mediumvia

Types of Communication

•Verbal and non –verbal communication•Natural and Mechanical

communication

Non –Verbal Communication

• Facial Expression• Language of the Eye• Body Language• Sound Symbols• Symbolic Code Language

Barriers to Non –Verbal Communication• Inaudibility of speech• Abnormal speed of speech• Unfamiliar pronunciation of the teacher• Use of unfamiliar words and technical terms without

explanation• Lack of understanding of the basic knowledge of the

students – known as referent confusion• Day dreams on the part of the students on account of their

inattentiveness• Unsystematic presentation of the subject-matter• Lack of scope of immediate feedback• Lack of physical facilities in the classroom• Socio-economic and cultural differences among the students

Types of communication in terms of communication situation or environment

• One to one communication• Small group communication• Large group or public

communication• Organizational or institutional

communication• Mass communication

Types of Communication

• Speaking-Listening (Oral Communication)• Visualizing-Observing (Visual

Communication)• Speaking-Visualizing (Oral-visual

Communiation)• Writing-Reading

Oral Communiation (Speaking and listening channels)

i. Prose Communicationii. Heuristic CommunicationWritten Communication (Writing and

reading channels)i. Algorithms Device of Communicationii. Decision Table Device of

Communication

Oral communication

Content

Method

Aid

Students

Listening

Speaking

Teacher

Speaking

Listening

Teacher and Student Interaction(Audio Linguistic Method)

Oral communication1. Continuous Prose The structure of the prose - simple and

easy Complied concepts and facts –

presented in small and simple sentences

Students - Active voice only. No compound sentences

No negative sentences

HeuristicsPolio and Dunker

• Several expected outcome• Several expected interaction• Structure of content - not define• Involves risk

AlgorithmsWason and Jones

• Develop chain learning• Develop reasoning abilities• Diagnose and rendition is provided• Realize effectively teaching

objectives

Decision TableGrad (1961)

• Possible only to commit minimum errors• Defined by assistance – cause-effect

relationship is explained• Used in CAI and teaching process. Improved

and changed• Sources of errors - considered

Barriers in Classroom Communication

• Out of school interference in the form of commercial and entertainment media

• Excessive verbalism• Referent confusion• Day dreaming• Limited perception• Physical discomfort

Achieving Effectiveness in Classroom Communication

• Two-way communication• Effective Feedback for Efficient Teaching• Communication and Principle of Clarity• Development of Motivation• Use of Technology/Instructional• Teaching Strategies and Skills

Two-way communication

• Feedback• Clarity•Motivation• Use of audio-visual aids• Teaching Skills

ACCORDING TO THE TYPE OF

EXPERIENCES THEY PROVIDE

CONE OF EXPERIENCXES

ABSTRACT WORDS

CHALKBOARD

DISPLAY BOARDS

RADIO, AUDIO CASSETTES

PICTURES, MAPS, PHOTOGRAPHS

SLIDES, FILMSTRIPS

FILMS

TV, CCTV, VCR

DEMONSTRSTION

CASE STUDIESFIELD VISITS, OBSERVATIONS,

EXCURSIONREAL OBJECTS,SPECIMENS

ABSTRACT EXPERIENCE

INDIRECT VICARIOUS EXPERIENCE

DIRECT PURPOSEFUL EXPERIENCE

CONE OF EXPERIENCES

Credit to the Sources

Images are taken from INTERNET Sources

THANK YOU