Commonly Used Materials in the Classroom

Commonly Used Materials in the Classroom

Realia• Objects from real life used in classroom

instruction by educators to improve students' understanding of other cultures and real life situations.

• Tactile and multidimensional connection between learning material and the object of the lesson.

• Simple objects that are easy to control• Minimizes risk of accident throughout

student-object interaction• Advantages:–Plentiful–Concrete learning experiences–Motivates the learner

• Disadvantages:–Not always practical• Size•Potential hazards•Cost•Need to maintain original structure

–Can be a distraction–Storage and retrieval

Models• Three-dimensional representations of real

objects• Represent structures• Scale• Advantages:–Can be manipulated–More practical than realia– Simplifies complex concepts

• Disadvantages:–Inaccuracy may lead to

misconceptions–May lead to oversimplification–May be difficult to design

Text• Alphanumeric letters and characters

presented to students in the form of printed materials

• May synthesize or elaborate on the lesson

• Provides exercises• Enrichment activities• Individual or group

• Hand-outs• Assignment sheets• Individualized

study materials• Resource/

enrichment materials for group exercises

• Activity cards• Worksheets• Tests• Books• Articles• Materials for

project development

• Advantages:–Varied approaches–Easy to bring, recopy–Not limited to the class schedule

• Disadvantages:–Preconceptions–Traditional–May divide the students’ attention

Graphic Materials• Two-dimensional pictorial representations• Include charts, graphs, drawings and

posters• For visual learners

• Advantages:– Catches attention– Simplify concepts– Impact on note-taking

• Disadvantages:–Need for clarity–Size must be appropriate for class

and classroom size–Prior knowledge

Display Board• A vertical surface on which information can

be displayed to public view• Promotes visual learning• May be used as classroom decoration• Advantages:– Interactive–May cover various topics– Engaging

• Disadvantages:–May become distracting–Time-consuming–Must be regularly monitored

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