Commentary on the forty hadith of al nawawi
Sep 03, 2014
A comprehensive work consisting of 2 Volumes commenting on al-Nawawi¦s Forty Hadith. by Jamaal al-Din M. Zarabozo
With an Introduction by Prof. Jaafar Sheikh Idris.Here are just a few excerpts from Prof. Jaafar Sheikh Idris¦s comments to the work. The reader will not be studying explanations of the hadith in a narrow sense; the reader will, in fact, be introduced to many branches of the Islamic sciences: the different sciences of hadith, the science of textual interpretation, the science of jurisprudence, law, and even Arabic language. This is a great commentary on a great book. Brother Jamaal Zarabozo is to be congratulated for producing such a scholarly book. --Prof. Jaafar Sheikh Idris T
This commendable work offers a detailed analysis of forty of the most important hadith of the Prophet (S) for a Muslim to understand. Beginning with a biography of Imam Al-Nawawi, the author then explains each hadith in depth. Each hadith features the Arabic text, English translation, selected vocabulary in Arabic with English translation, general comments, circumstances behind the hadith, brief biography of the narrator and then a detailed commentary that explains the hadith's major subjects. Each subject is studied from a logical and shariah point of view, deducing the lessons of the hadith for the reader. The author then familiarises the reader with the interpretations of the great scholars and provides his own interpretation. 'An important study for any student of hadith'
With an Introduction by Prof. Jaafar Sheikh Idris.Here are just a few excerpts from Prof. Jaafar Sheikh Idris¦s comments to the work. The reader will not be studying explanations of the hadith in a narrow sense; the reader will, in fact, be introduced to many branches of the Islamic sciences: the different sciences of hadith, the science of textual interpretation, the science of jurisprudence, law, and even Arabic language. This is a great commentary on a great book. Brother Jamaal Zarabozo is to be congratulated for producing such a scholarly book. --Prof. Jaafar Sheikh Idris T
This commendable work offers a detailed analysis of forty of the most important hadith of the Prophet (S) for a Muslim to understand. Beginning with a biography of Imam Al-Nawawi, the author then explains each hadith in depth. Each hadith features the Arabic text, English translation, selected vocabulary in Arabic with English translation, general comments, circumstances behind the hadith, brief biography of the narrator and then a detailed commentary that explains the hadith's major subjects. Each subject is studied from a logical and shariah point of view, deducing the lessons of the hadith for the reader. The author then familiarises the reader with the interpretations of the great scholars and provides his own interpretation. 'An important study for any student of hadith'
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- Commentary on the Forty Hadith of al-Nawawi Volume 1 By Jamaal al-Din M. Zarabozo Introduction by Dr. Jaafar Sheikh Idris
- Table of Contents Table of Contents TABLE OF CONTENTS ...................................................................................................1 INTRODUCTION BY DR. JAAFAR SHEIKH IDRIS ............................................................1 AUTHOR'S INTRODUCTION......................................................................................... S IMAM AL-NAWAWl'S LIFE .......................................................................................... 9 THE LIFE OF AL-NAWAWI ........................................... 9 BACKGROUND TO AL-NAWAWl'S LIFE: !SLAM IN THE SEVENTH CENTURY OF THE HURAH .. 10 AL-NAWAWl'S BIRTH AND UPBRINGING................................................ 10 AL-NAWAWl'S PERSONAL LIFE 12 AL-NAWAWl'S BELIEFS AND CREED (AQEEDAH) ................................... 17 HIS SCHOOL OF FtQH ......................... 26 HIS WRITINGS......................................................... 28 HIS BRAVERY AND SACRIFICE FOR THE SAKE OF ALLAH ........................... 33 HIS DEATH ...................................... 46 CONCLUSION................................................... 47 COMMENTARY ON AL-NAWAWl'S INTRODUCTION ..................................................49 IMAM AL-NAWAWl'S INTRODUCTION TO HIS FORTY HAD/TH.................. 49 COMMENTARY ON AL-NAWAWl'S INTRODUCTION ......................... 54 DEALING WITH WEAK (DHAEEF) HADITH................................ 69 HADITH #1: "SURELY, ALL ACTIONS ARE BUT BY INTENTIONS..." ..............................91 SELECTED VOCABULARY ............................................. 92 TAKHREEJ ........................................................ 93 GENERAL COMMENTS ON THIS HADITH ........................................... 98 THE CIRCUMSTANCES BEHIND THE HADITH.......................................... 99 ABOUT THE NARRATOR: UMAR IBN AL-KHATIAAB.............................. 99 "SURELY, ACTIONS ARE BUT DRIVEN BY INTENTION AND EVERY MAN SHALL HAVE BUT THAT WHICH HE INTENDED." ........................................................... 101 "ALL ACTIONS" (Jl...c.I) ............................................................................................. 102 THE LETIER BA (Y) ....... .............................................................................................. 103 THE MEANING OF AL-NIYYAH (I) ................ ............................................................... 104 Is SOMETHING LEFT OUT OF THE SENTENCE? .................................................................... 107 "EVERY MAN SHALL HAVE BUT THAT WHICH HE INTENDED."................................................. 112 SUMMARY OF, "SURELY, ALL ACTIONS ARE BUT DRIVEN BY INTENTIONS AND, VERILY, EVERY MAN SHALL HAVE BUT THAT WHICH HE INTENDED." ................................................................... 115
- Commentary on the 40 Hadith of al-Nawawi OTHER IMPORTANT POINTS RELATED TO THIS PORTION OF THE HADITH ................................ 117 "THUS HE WHOSE MIGRATION WAS FOR ALLAH AND HIS MESSENGER, HIS MIGRATION WAS FOR ALLAH AND HIS MESSENGER" ........................................................................................ 135 "HE WHOSE MIGRATION WAS TO ACHIEVE SOME WORLDLY BENEFIT OR TO TAKE SOME WOMAN IN MARRIAGE, HIS MIGRATION WAS FORTHAT FOR WHICH HE MIGRATED." ................................. 140 ''THIS WAS RELATED BY THE TWO IMAMS OF THE SCHOLARS OF HADITH, ABU ABDULLAH MUHAMMAD IBN ISMAAEEL IBN IBRAAHEEM IBN AL-MUGHEERAH IBN BARDIZBAH AL-BUKHARI AND MUSLIM IBN AL-HAJJAAJ IBN MUSLIM AL-QUSHAIRI AL-NAISABOORI IN THEIR COLLECTIONS OF AUTHENTIC HADITH WHICH ARE THE MOSTAUTHENTIC WORKS COMPILED." ............................ 143 OTHER POINTS RELATED TO THIS HADITH......................................................................... 145 SUMMARY OF THE HADITH ............................................................................................ 148 HADITH #2: THE HADITH OF ANGEL JIBREEL.................... ........................................ 151 SELECTED VOCABULARY ................................................................................................ 153 TAKHREEJ ................................................................................................................... 154 GENERAL COMMENTS ON THIS HADITH ........................................................................... 159 THE CIRCUMSTANCES BEHIND THE HADITH....................................................................... 160 ABOUT THE NARRATOR: UMAR IBN AL-KHATTAAB ............................................................. 160 "ONE DAY WHILE WE WERE SITTING WITH THE MESSENGER OF ALLAH (PEACE BE UPON HIM)... PUT HIS HANDS ON HISTHIGHS. HE SAID, '0 MUHAMMAD..."'................................................... 161 "THE MESSENGER OF ALLAH (PEACE BE UPON HIM) SAID, 'ISLAM IS TO... PILGRIMAGE TO THE HOUSE IF YOU HAVE THE MEANS TO DO so."' .............................................................................. 164 "HE SAID, 'You HAVE SPOKEN TRUTHFULLY [OR CORRECTLY].' WE WERE AMAZED THAT HE ASKS THE QUESTION AND THEN HE SAYS THAT HE HAD SPOKEN TRUTHFULLY."....................................... 165 "HE SAID, 'TELL ME ABOUT IMAAN (FAITH)."' ................................................................... 165 THE CONCEPT OF IMAAN............................................................................................... 165 "HE [THE MESSENGER OF ALLAH (PEACE BE UPON HIM)) SAID, 'IT IS TO BELIEVE IN ALLAH"' ...... 202 "HIS ANGELS" ............................................................................................................. 228 "HIS BOOKS" .............................................................................................................. 231 "HIS MESSENGERS"...................................................................................................... 235 "THE LAST DAY" .......................................................................................................... 239 "AND TO BELIEVE IN THE DIVINE DECREE (AL-QADAR), [BOTH) THE GOOD AND THE EVIL THEREOF." ................................................................................................................................ 246 SOME CONCLUSIONS ABOUT THE ISLAMIC BELIEFS.............................................................. 256 HE SAID, ''TELL ME ABOUT AL-IHSAAN (GOODNESS)." ......................................................... 257 HE ANSWERED, "IT IS THAT YOU WORSHIP ALLAH AS IF YOU SEE HIM. AND EVEN THOUGH YOU DO NOT SEE HIM, HE SEES YOU."......................................................................................... 259 HE SAID, "TELL ME ABOUT [THE TIME OF] THE HOUR." HE ANSWERED, "THE ONE BEING ASKED DOES NOT KNOW MORE THAN THE ONE ASKING.11....................................................................... 265 HE SAID, "TELL ME ABOUT ITS SIGNS." HE ANSWERED......................................................... 267 THEN HE [THE PROPHET (PEACE BE UPON HIM)) SAID, "0 UMAR, DO YOU KNOW WHO THE QUESTIONER WAS...".................................................................................................... 273 ADDITIONAL POINTS RELATED TO THIS HADITH ................................................................. 276 ii
- Table of Contents SUMMARY OF THE HADITH ....................................... ..................................................... 277 HADITH #3: ISLAM HAS BEEN BUILT ON FIVE [PILLARS] .......................................... 279 SELECTED VOCABULARY ............................. ..................... .......................... .................... 279 TAKHREEJ................................................................................................................... 280 GENERAL COMMENTS ON THIS HADITH ............................................ 280 ABOUT THE NARRATOR: ABDULLAH IBN UMAR IBN AL-KHATTAAB.......................... 280 "ISLAM IS BUILT UPON FIVE [PILLARS]" .................................. 281 "TESTIFYING THATTHERE IS NONE WORTHY OF WORSHIP EXCEPT ALLAH"....................... 282 MUHAMMAD IS THE MESSENGER OF ALLAH...................................................................... 290 "ESTABLISHING THE PRAYERS" ..... .................... .............................................. .... ............. 295 "GIVING THE ZAKAT" ................................................................................ ................. ... 306 "MAKING THE PILGRIMAGE TO THE HOUSE" ..................................................................... .312 "FASTING THE MONTH OF RAMADHAAN" ......................................................................... 317 WHAT ABOUT JIHAD?.................................................. .................................... ........... .. 320 SUMMARY OF THE HADITH .................................................................. .......................... 321 HADITH #4: CREATION IN THE MOTHER'S WOMB................................................... 323 SELECTED VOCABULARY .............. ...................... .............. ........ ........................ .. ............ 324 A MISTAKE IN THE TEXT OF THE 40 HAD/TH...................................................................... 325 TAKHREEJ...................................................................................................................326 GENERAL COMMENTS ON THIS HADITH .................. .. .............................................. ......... 327 ABOUTTHE NARRATOR: ABDULLAH IBN MASOOD .................... ........................ ................. 327 THE MESSENGER OF ALLAH (PEACE BE UPON HIM) AND HE IS THE TRUTHFUL, THE BELIEVED, NARRATED TO US: ............................................................................... ......................... 328 "SURELY, EACH OF YOU IS BROUGHTTOGETHER IN HIS MOTHER'S ABDOMEN FOR FORTY DAYS. IT IS THEN THEREIN A CLINGING OBJECT DURING THIS PERIOD. THEREAFTER IT IS THEREIN A LUMP LOOKING LIKE IT HAS BEEN CHEWED DURING THIS PERIOD."...............................................................329 "I SWEAR BY ALLAH, OTHER THAN WHOM THERE IS NO Goo, CERTAINLY, ONE OF YOU WILL DEFINITELY PERFORM THE DEEDS OF THE PEOPLE OF PARADISE UNTIL THERE IS NOT BETWEEN HIM AND PARADISE EXCEPTAN ARM'S LENGTH ANDTHEN WHAT HAS BEEN RECORDEDWILLOVERTAKE HIM AND HE SHALL PERFORM THE DEEDS OF THE PEOPLE OF HELL AND ENTER IT..."................... 349 RELATED FIQH ISSUES ................................................................................................... 354 OTHER POINTS RELATED TO THIS HADITH ......................................................................... 358 SUMMARY OF THE HADITH ............................................................................................360 HADITH #5: "WHOEVER INTRODUCES...'' ................................................................ 363 SELECTED VOCABULARY ................................................................................................363 TAKHREEJ...................... .......................................... 363 GENERAL COMMENTS ON THIS HADITH ...................... 364 ABOUTTHE NARRATOR: AISHA BINT ABU BAKR AL-SIDDEEQ................... 364 "THE MOTHER OF THE FAITHFUL" ............................................... 365 "WHOEVER INTRODUCES ANYTHING INTO THIS MATTER OF OURS THAT IS NOT FROM IT SHALL HAVE IT REJECTED." ........................................................ 366 iii
- Commentary on the 40 Hadith of al-Nawawi "WHOEVER DOES AN ACT THAT IS NOT IN ACCORD WITH OUR MATIER WILL HAVE IT REJECTED." 367 ISLAM IS FOLLOWING AND NOT INNOVATING .................................................................... 368 Two TYPES OF ACTIONS: RITES OF WORSHIP AND WORLDLY TRANSACTIONS AND DEALINGS ..... 368 OTHER POINTS RELATED TO THIS HADITH ......................................................................... 373 SUMMARY OF THE HADITH ............................................................................................374 HADITH #6: "THAT WHICH IS LAWFUL IS CLEAR" .................................................... 375 SELECTED VOCABULARY ................................................................................................ 376 TAKHREEJ ................................................................................................................... 376 GENERAL COMMENTS ON THIS HADITH ........................................................................... 377 THE NARRATOR: AL-NU'MAAN IBN BASHEER .................................................................... 377 "THAT WHICH IS LAWFUL IS PLAIN AND THAT WHICH IS UNLAWFUL IS PLAIN AND BETWEEN THE TWO OF THEM ARE DOUBTFUL MATIERS." ............................................................................... 377 "ABOUT WHICH NOT MANY PEOPLE ARE KNOWLEDGEABLE." ................................................ 385 "THUS, HE WHO AVOIDS DOUBTFUL MATIERS CLEARS HIMSELF IN REGARD TO HIS RELIGION AND HIS HONOR.".................................................................................................................... 387 "BUT HE WHO FALLS INTO THE DOUBTFUL MATIERS FALLS INTO THAT WHICH IS UNLAWFUL." ..... 387 "LIKE THE SHEPHERD WHO PASTURES AROUND A SANCTUARY, ALL BUT GRAZING THEREIN. VERILY EVERY KING HAS A SANCTUARY AND ALLAH'S SANCTUARY IS HIS PROHIBITIONS." ...................... 388 "IN THE BODY THERE IS A MORSEL OF FLESH WHICH, IF IT BE SOUND, ALL THE BODY IS SOUND AND WHICH, IF IT BE DISEASED, ALL OF IT IS DISEASED. THIS PART OF THE BODY IS THE HEART.".......... 390 SIGNS OF THE HEART .................................................................................................... 391 OTHER POINTS RELATED TO THIS HADITH. ........................... ............................................. 393 SUMMARY OF THE HADITH ............................................................................................395 HADITH #7: "THE RELIGION IS NASEEHAH" ............................................................. 397 SELECTED VOCABULARY ................................................................................................ 397 TAKHREEJ ...................................................................................................................397 GENERAL COMMENTS ABOUT THIS HADITH ......................................................................398 THE NARRATOR: TAMEEM AL-DAARI ............................................................................... 398 "THE RELIGION IS THE NASEEHAH.11 ................................................................................. 398 "To ALLAH" ...............................................................................................................402 "To HIS BOOK" ........................................................................................................... 403 11TO HIS MESSENGER" .................................................................................................. 404 "To THE LEADERS OF THE MUSLIMS" ............................................................................... 405 "To THE COMMON FOLK OF THE MUSLIMS" ...................................................................... 409 THE IMPORTANCE OFAL-NASEEHAH ................................................................................ 411 IS NASEEHAH ONLY A COMMUNAL OBLIGATION? .............................................................. 412 OTHER POINTS RELATED TO THIS HADITH ......................................................................... 413 SUMMARY OF THE HADITH ............................................................................................ 414 HADITH #8: "I HAVE BEEN ORDERED TO FIGHT..." .................................................. 417 SELECTED VOCABULARY ................................................................................................ 417 TAKHREEJ................................................................................................................... 418 iv
- Table of Contents GENERAL COMMENTS ABOUT THE HADITH ....................................................................... 418 DIFFERENT NARRATIONS OF THIS HADITH.................................. 418 ABOUT THE NARRATOR.................................. ................. 419 "I HAVE BEEN ORDERED" .............................................................. 420 "TO FIGHT AGAINST THE PEOPLE" ................... .................. ..... 420 "UNTIL THEY TESTIFY THAT THERE IS NONE WORTHY OF WORSHIP EXCEPT ALLAH AND THAT MUHAMMAD IS THE MESSENGER OF ALLAH, ESTABLISH THE PRAYER AND GIVE THE ZAKAT" . 422 "THEN, IF THEY DO THAT, THEIR BLOOD AND WEALTH WILL BE PROTECTED FROM ME"........ 425 "EXCEPT IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE RIGHT OF ISLAM"................................... 426 "AND THEIR RECKONING WILL BE WITH ALLAH, THE EXALTED" ....................... 428 OTHER POINTS RELATED TO THIS HADITH... ............ ............... 429 SUMMARY OF THE HADITH ....... ...................... ................................ 430 HADITH #9 "WHAT I HAVE FORBIDDEN YOU, AVOID..." .......................................... 431 SELECTED VOCABULARY ............................... 431 TAKHREEJ..... ............. ..... ................................................. 432 GENERAL COMMENTS ON THE HADITH..................... ..................... 432 THE CIRCUMSTANCES BEHIND THE HADITH...... .... .................. . 432 ABOUT THE NARRATOR: ABU HURAIRA............................... 433 "WHAT I HAVE FORBIDDEN YOU, STAYAWAY FROM" ........ .................... 433 "WHAT I HAVE ORDERED YOU (TO DO], DO AS MUCH OF IT AS YOU CAN."..................... 434 "VERILY, THE PEOPLE BEFORE YOU WERE DESTROYED ONLY BECAUSE OF THEIR EXCESSIVE QUESTIONING"......... ......................... 438 "VERILY, THE PEOPLE BEFORE YOU WERE DESTROYED ONLY BECAUSE OF THEIR DISAGREEING WITH THEIR PROPHETS." ........................................ ........................ 441 RELATED ISSUES.............................................. 444 OTHER POINTS RELATED TO THIS HADITH.................................. 451 SUMMARY OF THE HADITH .................. ......... 452 HADITH #10 "ALLAH IS PURE AND ACCEPTS ONLY...".............................................. 453 SELECTED VOCABULARY ................................. 454 TAKHREEJ................. .................................................. 454 GENERAL COMMENTSABOUT THE HADITH.................. .................... . 454 ABOUT THE NARRATOR: ABU HURAIRA....... .......................... ............... 454 "VERILY ALLAH, THE EXALTED, IS PURE"........................................ 455 "AND ACCEPTS ONLY THATWHICH IS PURE".................................... 455 "ALLAH HAS COMMANDED THE BELIEVERS TO DO THAT WHICH HE HASCOMMANDED THE MESSENGERS." .................................. .... 457 1110 MESSENGERS! EAT OF THEGOODTHINGS AND DO RIGHT."' ................... 457 "'0 BELIEVERS! EAT OF THE GOOD THINGS THAT WE HAVE PROVIDED FOR YOU."'... 458 "THEN HE (THE PROPHET(PEACE BE UPON HIM)] MENTIONED A MAN..." ............ 459 OTHER POINTS RELATED TOTHIS HADITH............................... 462 SUMMARY OF THE HADITH ............................... 464 v
- Commentary on the 40 Hadith of al-Nawawi HADITH #11 "LEAVE THAT WHICH MAKES YOU DOUBT..."...................................... 467 SELECTED VOCABULARY ................................................................................................ 467 TAKHREEJ................................................................ 468 GENERAL COMMENTS ABOUT THE HADITH .......................................... 468 ABOUT THE NARRATOR: AL-HASAN............................................... 469 "LEAVE THAT WHICH MAKES YOU DOUBT" .................................... 469 "VERILY, TRUTH IS TRANQUILLITY AND FALSEHOOD IS DOUBT." ................ 471 "RECORDED BY AL-TIRMIDHI AND AL-NASAAI. AL-TIRMIDHI SAID, 'IT IS A HASAN SAHIHHADITH."' ................................................................................................................................ 472 OTHER POINTS RELATED TO THIS HADITH.................................... 47S SUMMARY OF THE HADITH .............................................. 478 HADITH #12 "PART OF THE PERFECTION OF A PERSON'S ISLAM IS" ..... 479 SELECTED VOCABULARY ..................................................... 479 TAKHREEJ .............. :.......................................................... 479 GENERAL STATEMENTS ABOUT THE HADITH.................................. 486 ABOUT THE NARRATOR: ABU HURAIRA....................................................... 487 "PART OF THE PERFECTION OF THE PERSON'S ISLAM"..................... 487 "HIS LEAVING THAT WHICH IS OF NO CONCERN TO HIM" ........................... 489 OTHER POINTS RELATED TO THIS HADITH .......................................... 491 SUMMARY OF THE HADITH .................................................. 492 HADITH #13 "NONE OF YOU [TRULY] BELIEVES UNTIL..."........................................ 493 SELECTED VOCABULARY ...................................................... 493 TAKHREEJ.............................................................. 493 GENERAL COMMENTS ABOUT THE HADITH ............................................... 494 ABOUT THE NARRATOR: ANAS IBN MAALIK................................ 494 "NONE OF YOU [TRULY] BELIEVES UNTIL"....................................... 49S "HE LOVES FOR HIS BROTHER WHAT HE LOVES FOR HIMSELF."........................ 496 OTHER POINTS DERIVED FROM THIS HADITH ................................. S03 SUMMARY OF THE HADITH ................................................... SOS HADITH #14 THE SANCTITY OF A MUSLIM'S BLOOD................................................ 507 SELECTED VOCABULARY ........................................................... S07 TAKHREEJ....................................................... S08 GENERAL COMMENTS ABOUTTHE HADITH ................................ S08 ABOUT THE NARRATOR: ABDULLAH IBN MASOOD........................... S08 "IT IS NOT LEGAL [TO SPILL] THE BLOOD OF A MUSLIM EXCEPT IN ONE OF THREE CASES" ...... S08 "THE FORNICATOR WHO HAD PREVIOUSLY EXPERIENCED LEGAL SEXUAL INTERCOURSE" ...... S09 "A LIFE FOR A LIFE"................................................ S13 "ONE WHO FORSAKES HIS RELIGION AND SEPARATES FROM THE COMMUNITY"......... SlS OTHER CASES THAT CALL FOR THE DEATH PENALTY...................................... Sl6 OTHER POINTS RELATED TO THIS HADITH.................................... S20 vi j
- Table of Contents SUMMARY OF THE HADITH ............................................................................................ S22 HADITH #15 "WHOEVER BELIEVES IN ALLAH SHOULD..." ........................................ 523 SELECTED VOCABULARY ................................................................................................ S23 TAKHREEJ................................................................................................................... S24 GENERAL COMMENTS ABOUT THE HADITH ....................................................................... S24 ABOUT THE NARRATOR: ABU HURAIRA............................................................................ S24 "WHOEVER BELIEVES IN ALLAH AND THE LAST DAY"........................................................... S24 "SHOULD SPEAK GOOD THINGS OR KEEP SILENT" .............................. S2S "SHOULD BE COURTEOUS AND GENEROUS TO HIS NEIGHBOR" ............. S30 "SHOULD BE COURTEOUS AND GENEROUS TO HIS [TRAVELING] VISITOR" ................... S3S OTHER POINTS RELATEDTO THIS HADITH................................. S39 SUMMARY OF THE HADITH . ...................................... S40 HADITH #16 "DO NOT BECOME ANGRY" ................................................................ 541 SELECTEDVOCABULARY .................................................................. .............................. S41 TAKHREEJ................................................................................................................... S41 GENERAL COMMENTS ABOUTTHE HADITH ....................................................................... S42 ABOUTTHE NARRATOR: ABU HURAIRA............................................................................ S42 "ADVISE ME" .............................................................................................................. S42 "DO NOT BECOME ANGRY" ............................................................................................ S43 OTHER POINTS RELATED TO THIS HADITH......................................................................... SSl SUMMARY OF THE HADITH ............................................................................................ SS4 HADITH #17 ''VERILY, ALLAH HAS PRESCRIBED EXCELLENCE..." ............................... 555 SELECTED VOCABULARY ................................................................................................ SSS TAKHREEJ................................................................................................................... SS6 GENERAL COMMENTS ABOUTTHIS HADITH ...................................................................... SS6 ABOUTTHE NARRATOR: SHADDAAD IBN Aus .................................................................... SS6 "VERILY, ALLAHHAS PRESCRIBED EXCELLENCE IN ALL THINGS" ............. SS6 "THUS, IF YOU KILL, KILL IN A GOOD MANNER"................... SS9 "IF YOU SLAUGHTER, SLAUGHTER IN A GOOD MANNER..".................................................... S61 RELATED TOPICS .......................................................................................................... S64 OTHER POINTS RELATED TO THIS HADITH......................................................................... S68 SUMMARY OF THE HADITH ............................................................................................ S70 HADITH #18 "FEAR ALLAH WHEREVER YOU ARE..." ................................................ 571 SELECTED VOCABULARY ................................................................................................ S71 TAKHREEJ................................................................................................................... S72 GENERAL COMMENTS ABOUTTHE HADITH ....................................................................... S73 ABOUTTHE NARRATOR {I): ABU DHARR........................................................................... S73 ABOUT THE NARRATOR {II): MUAADH IBN JABAL............................................................... S74 "FEAR ALLAH WHEREVER YOU ARE"................................................................................. S74 "AND FOLLOW UP A BAD DEED WITH A GOOD DEED AND IT WILL WIPE IT our'' S8S vii
- Commentary on the 40 Hadith of al-Nawawi "AND BEHAVE TOWARD THE PEOPLE WITH A GOOD BEHAVIOR"............................................. 593 "AND IN SOME OF THE COPIES [OF SUNAN AL-TIRM/DHI, IT SAYS IT IS] HASAN SAHIH." .. 597 OTHER POINTS RELATED TO THIS HADITH................................... 598 SUMMARY OF THE HADITH ................................................ 600 HADITH #19 "YOUNG MAN, I SHALL TEACH YOU SOME WORDS..." ........................ 601 SELECTED VOCABULARY ......................................................... 602 TAKHREEJ ......................................................... 603 GENERAL COMMENTS ABOUT THE HADITH ............................ 605 ABOUT THE NARRATOR: IBN ABBAAS................................................... 606 "ONE DAY I WAS RIDING BEHIND THE PROPHET (PEACE AND BLESSINGS OF ALLAH BE UPON HIM)" ................................................................................................................................ 606 "0 YOUNG MAN"........................................... 607 "I SHALL TEACH YOU SOME WORDS [OF ADVICE]" ........................................ 608 "BE MINDFUL OF ALLAH" ............................................ 609 "AND ALLAH WILL PROTECT YOU" .............................................. 610 "BE MINDFUL OF ALLAH, AND YOU WILL FIND HIM IN FRONT OF YOU".............. 614 "IF YOU ASK, ASK OF ALLAH.".......................................................... 616 "IF YOU SEEK HELP, SEEK HELP IN ALLAH" ................................. 624 "KNOW THAT IF THE NATION WERE TO GATHER TOGETHER TO BENEFIT YOU" ........... 628 "THE PENS HAVE BEEN LIFTED AND THE PAGES HAVE DRIED."............................... 631 THE SECOND NARRATION 632 "BECOME BELOVED TO ALLAH DURING TIMES OF PROSPERITY AND HE WILL KNOW YOU IN TIMES OF ADVERSITY." ..................................................... 632 "REALIZE THAT THERE IS A GREAT DEAL OF GOOD IN HAVING PATIENCE OVER THOSE THINGS YOU DISLIKE." ...................................................... ...................... 635 "[REALIZE ALSO] THAT VICTORY COMES WITH PERSEVERANCE" .............................. 640 "RELIEF ACCOMPANIES DIFFICULTIES" ........................................ 646 "AND EASE ACCOMPANIES HARDSHIP." ........................................ 651 OTHER POINTS RELATED TO THIS HADITH............................................... 654 SUMMARY OF THE HADITH ........................................................ 657 HADITH #20 "IF YOU FEEL NO SHAME, THEN..." ...................................................... 659 SELECTED VOCABULARY ....................................................................... 659 TAKHREEJ ....................................................................................... 659 GENERAL COMMENTS ABOUT THE HADITH ................. 660 ABOUT THE NARRATOR: ABU MASOOD ABDULLAH IBN UQBAH AL-ANSAARI AL-BADRI ...... 660 "FROM THE WORDS OF THE EARLIER PROPHETS THAT THE PEOPLE STILL FIND ARE" ............ 660 "IF YOU FEEL NO SHAME, THEN DO AS YOU WISH." ......................................... 661 THE CONCEPT OFAL-HAYAA' (4:JI) ............................................................................. 665 OTHER POINTS RELATED TO THIS HADITH........................................... 676 SUMMARY OF THE HADITH ................................................................. 678 viii
- Table of Contents HADITH #21: SAY, "I BELIEVE IN ALLAH AND THEN STAND FIRM AND STEADFASTTO THAT"..................................................................................................................... 679 SELECTED VOCABULARY ................................................................................................ 679 TAKHREEJ................................................................................................................... 679 GENERAL COMMENTS ABOUT THIS HADITH ...................................................................... 680 ABOUT THE NARRATOR: SUFYAAN IBN ABDULLAH.............................................................. 681 "0 MESSENGER OF ALLAH, TELL ME A STATEMENT ABOUT ISLAM SUCH THAT I WILL NOT HAVE TO ASK ANYONE OTHER THAN YOU." .......................................................................................... 681 HE ANSWERED, "SAY, 'I BELIEVE IN ALLAH'...11................................................................... 681 "AND THEN STAND FIRM AND STEADFAST TO THAT."........................................................... 682 THE MEANING OF /STIQAAMAH ...................................................................................... 683 OTHER POINTS RELATED TO THIS HADITH......................................................................... 695 SUMMARY OF THE HADITH ............................................................................................ 696 HADITH #22: "TELL ME IF I WERE TO PERFORM...".................................................. 697 SELECTED VOCABULARY ................................................................................................ 698 TAKHREEJ................................................................................................................... 698 GENERAL COMMENTS ABOUT THIS HADITH...................................................................... 698 ABOUT THE NARRATOR: JAABIR IBN ABDULLAH AL-ANSAARI ................................................ 699 "TELL ME IF I WERE TO PERFORM THE OBLIGATORY [PRAYERS], FAST RAMADHAAN..."............... 699 "TREAT THE LAWFUL AS PERMISSIBLE AND TREAT THE FORBIDDEN AS PROHIBITED" ................... 700 "AND I DO NOT ADD ANYTHING TO THAT"......................................................................... 702 "WOULD I ENTER PARADISE?" HE [THE PROPHET (PEACE BE UPON HIM)] ANSWERED, "YES.".... 703 OTHER POINTS RELATED TO THIS HADITH.......................................................................... 707 SUMMARY OF THE HADITH ............................................................................................ 708 HADITH #23: "PURIFICATION IS HALF OF FAITH...".................................................. 709 SELECTED VOCABULARY ................................................................................................ 710 TAKHREEJ ................................................................................................................... 710 GENERAL COMMENTS ABOUT THIS HADITH ...................................................................... 711 ABOUT THE NARRATOR: AL-HAARITH IBN AASIM AL-ASHARI................................................ 711 "PURIFICATION IS HALF OF THE FAITH." ............................................................................ 712 "THE PHRASE AL-HAMDUL/LLAH ('ALL PRAISE BE TO ALLAH') FILLS THE SCALE."........................ 716 "THE PHRASES SUBHAANALLAAH('HIGH IS ALLAH ABOVE EVERY IMPERFECTION AND NEED; HE IS PURE AND PERFECT') AND AL-HAMDULILLAH ('ALL PRAISE BE TO ALLAH') TOGETHER FILL-OR EACH FILL-WHAT IS BETWEEN THE HEAVENS AND EARTH." ........................................................ 721 "PRAYER IS A LIGHT." ................................................................................................... 725 "CHARITY IS A PROOF." ................................................................................................. 728 "PATIENCE IS A BRIGHTNESS." ........................................................................................ 732 "THE QURAN IS EITHER AN ARGUMENT FOR OR AGAINST YOU." ............................................ 734 "AND EVERYONE GOES OUT IN THE MORNING AND SELLS HIMSELF, EITHER FREEING OR DESTROYING HIMSELF." .................................................................................................................. 736 OTHER POINTS RELATED TO THIS HADITH ......................................................................... 738 ix
- Commentary on the 40 Hadith of al-Nawawi SUMMARY OF THE HADITH ............................................................................................ 739 HADITH #24: "O MY SERVANTS, I HAVE FORBIDDEN WRONGDOING FOR MYSELF..." ............................................................................................................................... 741 SELECTED VOCABULARY .............................................. .................................................. 743 TAKHREEJ ................................................................................................................... 744 GENERAL COMMENTS ABOUT THIS HADITH ...................................................................... 745 ABOUT THE NARRATOR: ABU DHARR AL-GHIFAARI............................................................. 745 FROM AMONG THE SAYINGS HE RELATES FROM HIS LORD (MAY HE BE GLORIFIED) .................... 745 "0 MY SERVANTS" .................................. .................................................................... 751 "I HAVE FORBIDDEN WRONGDOING (DHULM) FOR MYSELF" ................................................. 751 "AND I HAVE MADE IT FORBIDDEN FOR YOU" ..................................................................... 757 ''THEREFORE, DO NOT WRONG ONE ANOTHER.". ................................................................ 767 "Q MY SERVANTS, ALL OF YOU ARE LOST EXCEPT FOR THOSE WHOM I HAVE GUIDED." .............. 768 "THEREFORE, SEEK GUIDANCE FROM ME AND I WILL GUIDE YOU." ........................................ 773 "0 MY SERVANTS, ALL OF YOU ARE HUNGRY EXCEPT FOR THOSE WHOM I HAVE FED. THEREFORE, SEEK FOOD FROM ME AND I WILL FEED YOU."........ ............................................................ 775 "Q MY SERVANTS, ALL OF YOU ARE NAKED EXCEPT FOR THOSE WHOM I HAVE CLOTHED. THEREFORE, SEEK CLOTHING FROM ME AND I WILL CLOTHE YOU." .......................................................... 777 "0 MY SERVANTS, YOU SIN BY NIGHT AND BY DAY, AND I FORGIVE ALL SINS. THEREFORE, SEEK FORGIVENESS FROM ME AND I WILL FORGIVE YOU." ........................................................... 778 "Q MY SERVANTS, YOU WILL NOT BE ABLE TO HARM ME SO AS BRING TO ME ANY HARM, AND YOU WILL NOT ABLE TO BENEFIT ME SO AS TO BRING ME ANY BENEFIT." ..................................... .. 782 "Q MY SERVANTS, IF THE FIRST AND LAST OF YOU AND THE HUMAN AND JINN OF YOU WERE AS PIOUS AS THE MOST PIOUS HEART OF ANYONE AMONG YOU, THAT WOULD NOT ADD ANYTHING TO MY DOMINION. 0 MY SERVANTS... THAT WOULD NOT DECREASE ANYTHING FROM MY DOMINION.". 783 "Q MY SERVANTS, IF THE FIRST AND LAST OF YOU AND THE HUMAN AND JINN OF YOU WERE TO GATHER TOGETHER ON A PIECE OF LAND AND ALL ASK OF ME...ANY MORE THAN A NEEDLE DECREASES WHAT IS IN THE OCEAN WHEN IT IS PUT INTO IT." .... ........................................................... 784 "Q MY SERVANTS, IT IS BUT YOUR DEEDS THAT I RECKON FOR YOU. THEN I RECOMPENSE YOU FOR THEM.11 .... .. .......................................... ...................................................................... 785 "THE ONE WHO FINDS GOOD SHOULD GIVE PRAISES TO ALLAH." .................. ......................... 786 "THE ONE WHO FINDS OTHER THAN THAT SHOULD NOT BLAME ANYONE BUT HIMSELF." ............ 787 OTHER POINTS RELATED TO THIS HADITH... ...................................................................... 790 SUMMARY OF THE HADITH ........ .................................................................................... 794 HADITH #25 ACTS OF CHARITY................................................................................ 795 SELECTED VOCABULARY ............................................................................. ................... 796 TAKHREEJ ............................................... .................................................................... 796 GENERAL COMMENTS ABOUT THE HADITH .......... ............................................................. 797 ABOUT THE NARRATOR: ABU DHARR............................ ................................................... 797 "SOME OF THE COMPANIONS OF THE MESSENGER OF ALLAH (PEACE AND BLESSINGS OF ALLAH BE UPON HIM) SAID...11...................................................................................................... 798 ''THEY ALSO GIVE IN CHARITY FROM THEIR EXTRA WEALTH." ................................................. 800 x J
- Table of Contents "HAS NOT ALLAH MADE THINGS FOR YOU TO DO IN CHARITY?" ............................................. 801 " VERILY, EVERY TASBEEHAHIS A CHARITABLE ACT, EVERY TAKBEERAH IS A CHARITABLE ACT, EVERY TAHMEEDAH IS A CHARITABLE ACT, EVERY TAHLEELAH IS A CHARITABLE ACT." ......... 804 "ORDERING GOOD IS A CHARITABLE ACT, FORBIDDING EVIL IS A CHARITABLE ACT"... 805 "HAVING SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH YOUR WIFE IS A CHARITABLE ACT." ............................ 806 "THEY SAID, '0 MESSENGER OF ALLAH, WHEN ONE OF US FULFILLS HIS DESIRE, HE WILL HAVE A REWARD FOR THAT?'..." ................................................................... 808 OTHER POINTS RELATED TO THIS HADITH.................................... 809 SUMMARY OF THE HADITH ............................................................... 812 HADITH #26 A CHARITABLE ACT UPON EVERY BONE .............................................. 813 SELECTED VOCABULARY ..................................................... 813 TAKHREEJ.................................................................................. 814 GENERAL COMMENTS ABOUT THE HADITH ............................................................. 815 ABOUT THE NARRATOR: ABU HURAIRA................. 816 "EVERY JOINT OF EVERYONE HAS UPON IT A [RECOMMENDED] CHARITY FOR EVERY DAY UPON WHICH THE SUN RISES." ..................................................... 816 "BRINGING ABOUT JUSTICE BETWEEN TWO IS AN ACT OF CHARITY." ............................. 822 "HELPING A MAN GET ON HIS MOUNT... IS A CHARITABLE ACT." ............. 823 "A GOOD WORD IS A CHARITABLE ACT" ......................................... 823 "EVERY STEP YOU TAKE TOWARD THE PRAYER IS A CHARITABLE ACT." ........................... 824 "AND REMOVING A HARMFUL THING FROM THE PATH IS A CHARITABLE ACT" ....... 824 THE DHUHA PRAYER...................... 825 OTHER POINTS RELATED TO THIS HADITH............................................. 827 SUMMARY OF THE HADITH .......................................................................... 829 HADITH #27 "RIGHTEOUSNESS IS GOOD CHARACTER..."......................................... 831 SELECTED VOCABULARY ............................ 832 TAKHREEJ ....................................................... ............................................................ 832 GENERAL COMMENTS ABOUT THE HADITH... ......... .. ......................................................... 834 ABOUT THE NARRATOR (I): AL-NAWWAAS IBN SAMAAN .............................. 834 ABOUT THE NARRATOR {II): WAABISAH IBN MABAD ......... ........... ....... .. ............................. 834 "RIGHTEOUSNESS IS GOOD CHARACTER." .. .. .. ................................................................... 834 "SIN IS THAT WHICH WAVERS IN YOUR SOUL AND WHICH YOU DISLIKE THE PEOPLE FINDING OUT ABOUT." ................................................................ 844 HE SAID, "You HAVE COME TO ASK ABOUT RIGHTEOUSNESS AND SINFULNESS?" 845 "CONSULT YOUR HEART.11.................................................................. .... .... .................... 846 "RIGHTEOUSNESS IS... AND SIN IS..." ..................................... 846 "EVEN IF THE PEOPLE HAVE GIVEN YOU [THEIR] VERDICT ON IT AND [CONTINUE] TO GIVE YOU [THEIR] VERDICT." ..................................... 847 "THIS IS A HASAN HADITH. WE HAVE TRANSMITIED IT IN THE TWO MUSNADS OF THE TWO IMAMS AHMAD IBN HANBAL AND AL-DAARIMI WITH A GOOD (HASAN) CHAIN."................ 852 OTHER POINTS RELATED TO THIS HADITH............................................... .......................... 855 SUMMARY OF THE HADITH ...................... ....... ............................................................... 856 xi
- Commentary on the 40 Hadith of al-Nawawi HADITH #28 "I ADVISE YOU TO HAVE TAQWA..." .................................................... 857 SELECTED VOCABULARY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 857 TAKHREEJ . . . . . . . . . . . ... .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 858 GENERAL COMMENTS ABOUT THE HADITH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . 859 ABOUT THE NARRATOR: AL-IRBAAD IBN SAARIYAH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .,................................. 859 THE MESSENGER OF ALLAH (PEACE BE UPON HIM) DELIVERED AN ADMONITION .................. 860 "IT IS AS IF IT WERE A FAREWELL ADMONITION, so ADVISE us." ........................ 863 "I ADVISE YOU TO HAVE TAQWA OF ALLAH" . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . ... . . . 863 "TO LISTEN AND OBEY"........................................... 864 "EVEN IF A SLAVE IS A LEADER OVER YOU." . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 870 "CERTAINLY, THE ONE WHO WILL LIVES AMONG YOU WILL SEE LOTS OF DIFFERENCES." . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 872 "So STICK TO MY SUNNAH"............................................................................................ 873 "AND THE SUNNAH OF THE RIGHT-PRINCIPLED AND RIGHTLY-GUIDED SUCCESSORS." ............... 874 "BITE ONTO THAT WITH YOUR MOLAR TEETH." .................................................................. 881 "AND AVOID NEWLY-INTRODUCED MATTERS." .................................................................. 882 "AND EVERY HERESY IS A GOING ASTRAY (DHALAALAH)." . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 887 "I LEFT YOU ALL ON A CLEAR MATTER, WHOSE NIGHT IS LIKE ITS DAY [WITH RESPECT TO CLARITY]. No ONE STRAYS FROM IT AFTER ME BUT THE DESTROYED ONE." ....................... 888 RECORDED BY ABU DAAWOOD... .................................................................................... 889 OTHER POINTS RELATED TO THIS HADITH......................................................................... 890 SUMMARY OF THE HADITH ............................................................................................ 890 HADITH #29: "TELL ME AN ACT WHICH...11.................... . . ......................................... 893 SELECTED VOCABULARY ................................................................................................ 894 TAKHREEJ ................................................................................................................... 895 GENERAL COMMENTS ABOUT THE HADITH ....................................................................... 896 ABOUT THE NARRATOR: MUAADH IBN JABAL .................................................................... 896 "INFORM ME OF AN ACT WHICH WILL ENTER ME INTO PARADISE AND KEEP ME AWAY FROM THE FIRE.". . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 896 "You HAVE ASKED ABOUT A GREAT MATTER" .................................................................... 897 "BUT IT IS EASY FOR WHOMEVER ALLAH, EXALTED BE HE, MAKES IT EASY" .............................. 898 "[You SHOULD] WORSHIP ALLAH... THE HOUSE." .............................................................. 899 "SHALL I NOT INFORM YOU OF THE GATES TO GOODNESS?".................................................. 899 "FASTING [WHICH] IS A SHIELD"...................................................................................... 900 "CHARITY [WHICH] EXTINGUISHES THE SINS LIKE WATER EXTINGUISHES A FIRE" .......... 901 "THE PRAYER OF A MAN IN THE DEPTHS OF THE NIGHT... THEY USED TO DO." ........................... 902 "SHALL I NOT INFORM YOU OF THE HEAD OF THE MATTER..."................................................ 906 "THE HEAD OF THE MATTER IS SUBMISSION [TO ALLAH].".................................................... 906 "ITS PILLAR IS THE PRAYER."........................................................................................... 906 "ITS APEX IS JIHAD." ..................................................................................................... 907 "SHALL I NOT INFORM YOU OF WHAT CONTROLS THAT?.." .................................................. 912 OTHER POINTS RELATED TO THIS HADITH......................................................................... 915 SUMMARY OF THE HADITH ............................................................................................ 915 xii 1 i j
- Table of Contents HADITH #30 "ALLAH HAS PRESCRIBED THE OBLIGATORY DEEDS..." ........................ 917 SELECTED VOCABULARY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. .. . . . . . . . . . 917 TAKHREEJ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . 918 GENERAL COMMENTS ABOUT THE HADITH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 921 ABOUT THE NARRATOR: ABU THALABA. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 922 RECORDED BY AL-DAARAQUTNI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . 923 SUMMARY OF THE HADITH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 924 HADITH #31 "BE ALOOF FROM THE WORLD..." ....................................................... 925 SELECTED VOCABULARY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 925 TAKHREEJ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . . . . ....... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 925 GENERAL COMMENTS ABOUT THE HADITH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . . ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 930 ABOUT THE NARRATOR: SAHL IBN SAAD AL-SAA'IDI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 930 RECORDED BY IBN MAAJAH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 931 SUMMARY OF THE HADITH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 931 HADITH #32 ''THERE IS NOTTO BE ANY CAUSING OF HARM..." .............................. 933 SELECTEDVOCABULARY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 933 TAKHREEJ. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 934 GENERAL COMMENTSABOUT THE HADITH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . 934 ABOUT THE NARRATOR: ABU SAEED AL-KHUDRI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 935 "THERE IS NOT TO BE ANY CAUSING OF HARM NOR IS THERE TO BE ANY RECIPROCATING OF HARM." . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 935 THE CONCEPT OF A FIQH MAXIM (QAAIDAHFtQHIYA) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 946 "MALIK ALSO RECORDED IT. . . "........................................................................................ 951 OTHER POINTS DERIVED FROM THIS HADITH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . . . . . . ... . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 952 SUMMARY OF THE HADITH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 953 HADITH #33 "WERE PEOPLE TO BE GIVEN..." .......................................................... 956 SELECTED VOCABULARY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 956 TAKHREEJ. . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . ..... . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 957 GENERAL COMMENTS ABOUT THE HADITH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 957 ABOUT THE NARRATOR: IBN ABBAAS............................................................................... 958 "WERE PEOPLE TO BE GIVEN ACCORDING TO THEIR CLAIMS, MEN WOULD CLAIM THE PEOPLE'S WEALTH AND BLOOD." .................................................................................................. 958 "Bur THE BURDEN OF PROOF IS UPON THE PLAINTIFF" . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 959 "THE TAKING OF AN OATH IS UPON THE ONE WHO DENIES [THE ALLEGATION]." . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 970 RECORDED BY AL-BAIHAQI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . 977 OTHER POINTS DERIVED FROM THIS HADITH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 978 SUMMARY OF THE HADITH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 980 HADITH #34 "WHOEVER OF YOU SEES AN EVIL..." .................................................. 982 SELECTED VOCABULARY ................................................................................................ 982 xiii
- Commentary on the 40 Hadith of al-Nawawi TAKHREEJ........................................................................ 983 GENERAL COMMENTS ABOUT THE HADITH ............................................. 983 ABOUT THE NARRATOR: ABU SAEED AL-KHUDRI ............................. 983 "WHOEVER OF YOU SEES AN EVIL" .......................................... 984 "THEN HE MUST CHANGE IT WITH HIS HAND" .................................................................... 989 "IF HE IS NOT ABLE TO DO so" ........................................................................................ 992 "THEN [HE MUST CHANGE IT] WITH HIS TONGUE"............................................................. 1001 11AND IF HE IS NOT ABLE TO DO SO, THEN [HE MUST CHANGE IT] WITH HIS HEART."..... 1006 "AND THAT IS THE SLIGHTEST [EFFECT OF] FAITH." ..................... 1011 OTHER POINTS RELATED TO THIS HADITH................................................................... . . . . 1018 SUMMARY OF THE HADITH ...................................... 1023 HADITH #35 "DO NOT BE ENVIOUS OF ONE ANOTHER..."..................................... 1024 SELECTED VOCABULARY .............................................................................................. 1024 TAKHREEJ . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ......................................................... ... 1025 GENERAL COMMENTS ABOUT THE HADITH ..................................................................... 1026 ABOUT THE NARRATOR: ABU HURAIRA.......................................................................... 1026 "DO NOT BE ENVIOUS OF ONE ANOTHER" .... ................................................................... 1026 "Do NOT ARTIFICIALLY RAISE PRICES AGAINST ONE ANOTHER" ............................................ 1037 "Do NOT HATE ONE ANOTHER" .................................................................................... 1039 "DO NOT TURN ONE'S BACK ON EACH OTHER" ............................................................. . . . . 1042 "DO NOT UNDERCUT ONE ANOTHER IN BUSINESS TRANSACTIONS."...................................... 1046 "AND BE, [OJ SERVANTS OF ALLAH, BRETHREN." ............................................................. 1050 "A MUSLIM IS THE BROTHER OF A MUSLIM." .................................................................. 1051 "HE DOES NOT WRONG HIM." ...................................................................................... 1052 "HE DOES NOT FAIL HIM [WHEN HE NEEDS HIM].11....................................................... . . . . . 1053 "HE DOES NOT LIE TO HIM.11......................................................................................... 1056 11AND HE DOES NOT SHOW CONTEMPT FOR HIM." ............................................................ 1057 "PIETY IS HERE"-AND HE POINTED TO HIS CHEST THREE TIMES. ........................................ 1058 "IT IS ENOUGH OF EVIL FOR A PERSON TO HOLD HIS BROTHER MUSLIM IN CONTEMPT." ........... 1060 "ALL OF A MUSLIM IS INVIOLABLE TO ANOTHER MUSLIM: HIS BLOOD, HIS WEALTH AND HIS HONOR." . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1061 OTHER POINTS RELATED TO THIS HADITH....................................................................... 1069 SUMMARY OF THE HADITH .......................................................................................... 1072 HADITH #36 "WHOEVER RELIEVES A BELIEVER..."................................................. 1074 SELECTED VOCABULARY .............................................................................................. 1075 TAKHREEJ..... ............................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1076 GENERAL COMMENTS ABOUT THE HADITH . . . . . . . . .......................................... . . ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1076 ABOUT THE NARRATOR: ABU HURAIRA.......................................................................... 1077 "WHOEVER RELIEVES A BELIEVER'S DISTRESS OF THE DISTRESSFUL ASPECTS OF THIS WORLD, ALLAH WILL RESCUE HIM FROM A DIFFICULTY OF THE DIFFICULTIES OF THE HEREAFTER." ................... 1077 "WHOEVER ALLEVIATES [THE SITUATION OF] ONE IN DIRE STRAITS WHO CANNOT REPAY HIS DEBT, ALLAH WILL ALLEVIATE HIS LOT IN BOTH THIS WORLD AND THE HEREAFTER." ......................... 1080 xiv
- Table of Contents "WHOEVER CONCEALS [THE FAULTS OF) A MUSLIM, ALLAH WILL CONCEAL [HIS FAULTS) IN THIS LIFE AND THE HEREAFTER."...................................................... 1082 "ALLAH IS HELPING THE SERVANT AS LONG AS THE SERVANT IS HELPING HIS BROTHER." ......... 1087 "WHOEVER FOLLOWS A PATH IN ORDER TO SEEK KNOWLEDGE THEREBY, ALLAH WILL MAKE EASY FOR HIM, DUE TO IT, A PATH TO PARADISE."....................................... 1089 "NO PEOPLE GATHER TOGETHER IN A HOUSE OF THE HOUSES OF ALLAH, RECITING THE BOOK OF ALLAH AND STUDYING IT AMONG THEMSELVES..." ............................................................ 1093 "WHOEVER IS SLOWED BY HIS DEEDS WILL NOT BE HASTENED FORWARD BY HIS LINEAGE." .... 1098 OTHER POINTS RELATED TO THIS HADITH.............................................. 1100 SUMMARY OF THE HADITH ............................................................ 1103 HADITH #37 "ALLAH RECORDED THE GOOD DEEDS..." .......................................... 1104 SELECTED VOCABULARY .............................................................................................. 1105 TAKHREEJ....... .......................... . . . ....................... . . . . ............................... ................... 1106 GENERAL COMMENTS ABOUT THE HADITH ............................... 1106 ABOUT THE NARRATOR: IBN ABBAAS............................................................................. 1106 ON THE AUTHORITY OF IBN ABBAAS: ON THE AUTHORITY OF THE MESSENGER OF ALLAH (MAY ALLAH'S BLESSING AND PEACE BE UPON HIM) .................................................................. 1107 FROM AMONG THE SAYINGS THAT HE RELATED FROM HIS LORD (GLORIFIED AND EXALTED BE HE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1108 "VERILY, ALLAH RECORDED THE GOOD DEEDS AND THE EVIL DEEDS." .................... 1108 ''THEN HE CLARIFIED HOW [THAT RECORDING SHOULD OCCUR:) WHOEVER DECIDED TO DO A GOOD DEED BUT HE DID NOT DO IT, ALLAH RECORDS IT WITH HIM AS A COMPLETE GOOD DEED" 1109 "AND IF HE DECIDED TO DO IT AND ACTUALLY DID IT, ALLAH RECORDS IT WITH HIM AS TEN GOOD DEEDS UP TO SEVEN HUNDRED TIMES UP TO MANY TIMES OVER."................. 1118 "IF HE DECIDED TO DO AN EVIL DEED BUT HE DID NOT DO IT, ALLAH RECORDS IT WITH HIM AS ONE COMPLETE GOOD DEED."................................................ 1120 "IF HE DECIDED TO DO IT AND HE ACTUALLY DID IT, ALLAH RECORDS IT AS ONE EVIL DEED." 1122 "ALLAH OBLITERATES [THAT EVIL). AND ALLAH DOES NOT PUT ANYONE TO DESTRUCTION EXCEPT FOR ONE WHO IS TO BE DESTROYED."......................................................... 1125 OTHER POINTS RELATED TO THIS HADITH........ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............... . . . . . . . .... . .................. . . . . 1126 SUMMARY OF THE HADITH .......................................... 1128 HADITH #38 "WHOEVER SHOWS ENMITY TO..." ................................................... 1130 SELECTED VOCABULARY .............................................................................................. 1130 TAKHREEJ................................................... 1131 GENERAL COMMENTS ABOUT THE HADITH .......................... 1132 ABOUT THE NARRATOR: ABU HURAIRA.......................................................................... 1133 "ALLAH THE ALMIGHTY HAS SAID" ................................................................................ 1133 "WHOEVER HAS MUTUAL ANIMOSITY WITH A FRIEND (AR., WALi) OF MINE." .......... 1133 "I DECLARE WAR UPON HIM."...................................... 1139 "MY SERVANT DOES NOT DRAW NEAR TO ME WITH ANYTHING MORE LOVED BY ME THAN THE RELIGIOUS DUTIES I HAVE IMPOSED UPON HIM." ................................ 1146 xv
- Commentary on the 40 Hadith of al-Nawawi "MY SERVANT CONTINUES TO DRAW NEAR TO ME WITH SUPEREROGATORY WORKS SO THAT I SHALL LOVE HIM.11. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1150 "WHEN I LOVE HIM, I AM HIS HEARING WITH WHICH HE HEARS, HIS SEEING WITH WHICH HE SEES, HIS HAND WITH WHICH HE STRIKES, AND HIS FOOTWITH WHICH HE WALKS.". . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1156 "WERE HE TO ASK [SOMETHING] OF ME, I WOULD SURELY GIVE IT TO HIM; AND WERE HE TO ASK ME FOR REFUGE, I WOULD SURELY GRANT HIM IT.11. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1170 "AND I DO NOT HESITATE TO DO ANYTHING AS I HESITATE TO TAKE THE SOUL OF THE BELIEVER, FOR HE HATES DEATH AND I HATE TO HARM HIM.". . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1172 OTHER POINTS RELATED TO THIS HADITH. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1178 SUMMARY OF THE HADITH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1182 HADITH #39 "ALLAH HAS PARDONED..."............................................................... 1184 SELECTED VOCABULARY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1184 TAKHREEJ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1184 GENERAL COMMENTS ABOUT THE HADITH ..................................................................... 1203 ABOUT THE NARRATOR: IBN ABBAAS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1204 IIALLAH HAS PARDONED". . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1204 "FOR MY NATION" . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1217 "[WHAT IS DONE] MISTAKENLY". . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1220 "[WHAT IS DONE] OUT OF FORGETFULNESS". . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1225 "[WHAT IS DONE] UNDER DURESS" . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1230 RELATED FIQH ISSUES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1241 SOME CONCLUSIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1253 SUMMARY OF THE HADITH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1254 HADITH #40 "BE IN THE WORLD LIKE A STRANGER...'' .......................................... 1256 SELECTED VOCABULARY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1256 TAKHREEJ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1257 GENERAL COMMENTS ABOUTTHE HADITH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1258 ABOUT THE NARRATOR: ABDULLAH IBN UMAR. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1258 "TOOK HOLD OF MY SHOULDER" . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1258 "BE IN THE WORLD... "................................................................................................ 1260 "LIKE A STRANGER". . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1269 "OR" . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1270 "A TRAVELER ALONG A PATH" . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1271 "COUNT YOURSELF AMONG THE INHABITANTS OF THE GRAVE."........................................... 1273 IBN UMAR WOULD SAY, "IF YOU SURVIVE TILL THE LATE AFTERNOON. . ." ............................... 1274 "TAKE FROM YOUR HEALTH FOR YOUR SICKNESS..." .......................................................... 1276 "FOR CERTAINLY, YOU DO NOT KNOW, 0 SERVANT OF ALLAH, WHAT YOUR NAME WILL BE TOMORROW." . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1284 OTHER POINTS RELATED TO THIS HADITH. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1284 SUMMARY OF THE HADITH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1285 HADITH #41 "NONE OF YOU TRULY BELIEVES UNTIL..." ........................................ 1286 xvi J
- Table of Contents SELECTEDVOCABULARY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1286 TAKHREEJ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1286 GENERAL COMMENTS ABOUT THE HADITH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1292 ABOUTTHE NARRATOR: ABDULLAH IBN AMR IBN AL-AS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . . . 1296 "WE HAVE NARRATED IT IN THE BOOK, AL-HUJJAH. . ."....................................................... 1297 SUMMARY OF THE HADITH .. . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1298 HADITH #42 "O SON OF ADAM, AS LONG AS YOU CALL ON ME..."........................ 1300 SELECTED VOCABULARY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1300 TAKHREEJ . ... . . . . .. . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . ... 1301 GENERAL COMMENTS ABOUT THE HADITH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . . . . . . . . . . ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1304 ABOUT THE NARRATOR: ANAS IBN MAALIK. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1305 "ALLAH, BLESSED AND MOST HIGH, SAID" . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1305 "0 SON OF ADAM" . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . . 1305 "As LONG AS YOU CALL UPON ME" . . . .. . . . . .. . . . . . . ... . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . .. .. . . . ... . . . . . 1306 "AND PUT YOUR HOPE IN ME" . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1308 "I HAVE FORGIVEN YOU FOR WHATYOU HAVE DONE AND I DO NOT MIND." . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . . . . . . . . . . . . 1312 "IF YOUR SINS WERE TO REACH THE CLOUDS" .................................................................. 1312 "THEN YOU WOULD SEEK MY FORGIVENESS, I WOULD FORGIVE YOU.".................................. 1312 "IF YOU WERE TO COME TO ME WITH... AND YOU WOULD THEN MEET ME WITHOUT ASCRIBING ANY PARTNERS WITH ME..." .............................................................................................. 1318 OTHER POINTS RELATED TO THIS HADITH....................................................................... 1320 SUMMARY OF THE HADITH .......................................................................................... 1323 EPILOGUE ............................................................................................................. 1324 BIOGRAPHICAL DATA ........................................................................................... 1328 GLOSSARY ............................................................................................................ 1350 BIBLIOGRAPHY ..................................................................................................... 1364 REFERENCES IN ENGLISH.............................................................................................. 1364 REFERENCES IN ARABIC............................................................................................... 1366 LIST OF FIGURES ................................................................................................... 1392 QURANIC VERSES CITED ....................................................................................... 1394 GENERAL INDEX.................................................................................................... 1404 xvii
- Introduction by Shaikh Jafar Idris Introduction by Dr. Jaafar Sheikh Idris All praises are due to Allah. I bear witness that there is no one worthy of worship except Allah. I also bear witness that Mu-hammad is His servant and messenger. To proceed: This is a great commentary on a great book. Br. Jamaal Zarabozo is to be congratulated for producing such a learned work. He is also to be thanked for giving the English speaking students of Islam the chance to taste the flavor of in-depth knowledge of hadith, a flavor that has been up to now the prerogative of speakers of Islamic languages, especially Arabic. He is also to be commended for choosing al-Nawawi's Forty Hadith because they are known to be among the most important sayings of the Prophet (peace be upon him). In-depth knowledge of them is thus sure to give the reader, even if he or she is a novice, a comprehensive view of the most fundamental Islamic beliefs and principles. No wonder that this book has been for hundreds ofyears among the most popular of Islamic books in the Muslim world. It is to be found today in its original Arabic or in many other languages in the private libraries of almost all practicing Muslims. It is also studied as a textbook by almost all young students of Islam in the Muslim world. There are many commentaries on this book from which Br. Zarabozo has definitely benefited; but his is not a mere translation or summary of those commentaries-it is an original commentary the English speaking reader will find more useful and interesting than mere translations ofthose traditional commentaries. The advantage of this book comes out clearly in the original method the author followed in his study ofthese prophetic sayings. He starts by giving 1
- Commentary on the 40 Hadith of al-Nawawi his reader the Arabic text ofthe hadith, followed by a new translation, which is without a doubt a great improvement on existing translations. He then gives a list, in Arabic, of all the important words and phrases of the hadith under discussion and explains them very briefly in English. He then gives a brief but very scholarly discussion of the status of the hadith. In this scholarly discussion, the author bears in mind that not every one ofthe readers is familiar with the sciences of hadith and, therefore, he explains all the different technical terms and ideas which he uses. But the discussion is, at the same time, conducted at a level which makes it interesting and useful even for specialists ofthis science. After giving the reader some briefand general comments on the hadith and after giving him a biographical sketch of the Companion who reported the hadith, the author delves into the main business of studying the hadith in great detail and depth. Every phrase of the hadith is studied linguistically, logically, jurisprudentially, legally, and so on. The author uses his vast knowledge of the sources to put before the reader almost all that scholars old and new had to say on matters related to the hadith and almost all the lessons that they had deduced from it. But he does not only quote and translate; he also adds, discusses and evaluates. He gives you all the important interpretations of different parts of the hadith text and the arguments of the scholars who suggested them. This gives the reader the chance to penetrate the minds of those great scholars and to familiarize himself with their reasoning and argumentation. Having acquired this vital training in studying hadith, the reader might find himself, thanks to the author, in disagreement with him over some of his preferences on, in time, a scholarly basis. Many readers will, I am sure, be surprised to discover, after reading a commentary on one of the hadith, how meager their knowledge of the hadith was before they read the commentary and how wrong they were in assuming that their meager knowledge was all that was to be gotten from the hadith. Due to the comprehensiveness of the author's commentary, the reader will not be studying explanations of the hadith in a narrow sense; the reader will, in fact, be introduced to many branches of the Islamic sciences: the different sciences of hadith, the science of textual interpretation, the science of jurisprudence, law, and even Arabic language. It is sometimes better to study these sciences in contexts like these than to study them in isolation in textbooks. Such contextual study makes it easier for the learner to remember the rules, to apply them and also to recall them whenever he reads the texts in whose context he studied them. The author (and for that matter, the publisher, Al-Basheer Company for Publications and Translations) has promised to continue henceforth to provide English speaking students ofIslam with such in-depth studies. We are certainly eagerly awaiting to enjoy more of his works. May Allah increase him in 2
- Introduction by Shaikh Jafar Idris knowledge and sincerity and help him to continue to serve the cause oftruth in this scholarly manner. Dr. Jaafar Sheikh Idris American Open University Falls Church, VA November 15, 1997 3
- Commentary on the 40 Hadith of al-Nawawi 4
- Author's Introduction Author's Introduction All praises are due to Allah. We praise Him, seek His Help, and ask for His forgiveness. We seek refuge in Allah from the evil in our souls and from our sinful deeds. Whoever Allah guides, no one can mislead. Whoever Allah leads astray, no one can guide. I bear witness that there is no one worthy of worship except Allah. I also bear witness that Muhammad is His servant and messenger. 0 believers, have taqwa [fear] of Allah according to His right and die not save as Muslims. 0 mankind, have taqwa of your Lord, the One who created you from one soul and created from it its mate and from them spread many men and women. And fear Allah from whom you demand your mutual rights and [do not cut] familial ties. Surely, Allah is ever an All-Watcher over you. 0 believers, have taqwa of Allah and always speak the truth. He will direct you to do righteous deeds and will forgive you your sins. And whosoever obeys Allah and His Messenger has indeed achieved a great achievement. To proceed: The Quran and the sunnah are the sources of guidance for every Muslim. The sunnah consists of the Prophet Muhammad's own statements, own deeds and others' acts that he approved of tacitly. Perhaps, the most important of those three aspects are his statements. These statements are captured in the authentic hadith literature. Therefore, the authentic hadith, along with the Quran, constitute the basic source ofguidance for every Muslim until the Day ofJudgment. It is, therefore, very important that the hadith literature be made available in English. In this way, those Muslims who do not have access to Arabic may guide their lives by the teachings of the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him). However, translation of hadith texts in itself may not be sufficient. This is true for many reasons. First, one is translating, obviously, from a foreign language with different linguistic rules. Also, one is translating the words of someone who lived in a different culture and time from the English speakers of today. Hence, in order to do justice while translating, one sentence may actually need to be translated into an entire paragraph for it to be understood properly. Second, the Prophet's speech was something special. 5
- Commentary on the Forty Hadith of al-Nawawi With just a few words, he could convey many truths. His words have deep meanings to them that the layman may be unable or unqualified to derive. Therefore, he must turn to what the scholars have stated in explaining such important words of the Prophet (peace be upon him). In this work, the author has turned to those scholars to understand these words properly. Third, many of the hadith of the Prophet (peace be upon him) can only be correctly understood when studied in the light of verses of the Quran and other hadith. Throughout the ages, Muslim scholars have written commentaries on hadith that have highlighted other relevant texts in order for the reader to get a complete picture ofwhat the Prophet (peace be upon him) said. In Arabic, as well as some other languages, such as Urdu, numerous commentaries on hadith are available. These commentaries fill an important gap and take the reader from a basic understanding ofthe words ofthe Prophet (peace be upon him) to a deep and comprehensive understanding. Until now, most of the English literature related to hadith has been restricted to translation. There are some exceptions. Siddiqi and Hasan, for example, have tried to add some commentary to their respective translations ofSahih Muslim and Sunan Abu Dawud. Unfortunately, such brief commentaries, although beneficial and important, cannot quench the thirst of those who want to completely understand the words of their Prophet (peace be upon him). Hence, more is definitely needed. In fact, it is high time that the literature in English move from basic, introductory works to more in-depth works. This is especially true with respect to Quranic commentaries, hadith commentaries and fiqh literature. There are now, by the grace of Allah, numerous Muslim communities in the West. Some of these communities do not have any individuals who are proficient in Arabic. They do their best to follow the Quran and sunnah but what they are given, in the form of English literature, from the guidance of the Quran and sunnah simply is not sufficient. It does not meet their communal and individual needs. One reason for this is that many people think that such in-depth work is not needed in English, so they do not write or publish such works. However, such works are definitely needed and, Allah willing, such works will start to be published on a regular basis to meet the needs of the growing community of Muslims who are not familiar with the Arabic language. The work that the reader is now holding in his hands is an initial attempt to present a detailed commentary of some of the hadith of the Prophet (peace be upon him). Al-Nawawi has done an excellent job of collecting together a small number of vital hadith of the Prophet (peace be upon him). These hadith are considered some of the most comprehensive and important hadith for the individual Muslim. Allah willing, if a Muslim truly understands these hadith and implements them in his life, his path to Paradise will be made easy. That is why they need to be understood in detail, in the light of the explanations by scholars throughout history. The goal of this work, therefore, is 6 J
- Author's Introduction to present in English a detailed explanation, based upon well-known commentaries, ofthese very important hadith. The method that will be followed is the following: First, the text ofthe hadith with an English translation shall be presented. Then a selected vocabulary ofthe Arabic text will be given, in the hopes that this may aid those who are trying to learn and understand Arabic. The sources for the hadith and the "grade" of the hadith will then be given. After that will follow a brief discussion of the life of the Companion who narrated the hadith. Then each portion of the hadith will be discussed in some detail, with an emphasis on points that help one understand and apply the hadith properly in his or her life. After that will come some related points that can be derived from the hadith. Finally, there will be a short summary ofthe main points ofthe hadith. For further benefit, an introductory chapter on Imam al-Nawawi's life as well as a commentary on Imam al-Nawawi's own introduction have been included. A note must also be added here concerning the transliteration. It has been this author's lengthy experience that even the most precise transliteration is not truly helpful ifthe reader is not familiar with the Arabic sounds. Even for those who are familiar with Arabic sounds, transliterations can sometimes be more confusing than helpful. Therefore, the purpose of the transliteration in this work is to help the novice who is unfamiliar with Arabic sounds to pronounce the words in a fashion approximating their actual pronunciations. In general, the hamza and ain have been ignored, unless absolutely necessary to differentiate between the same or similar vowel sounds. The long vowel sounds have been presented as "aa", "oo" or "ee". However, ifa word with a particular spelling has virtually become part of the Muslim-English vocabulary and it is pronounced properly, no change has been made to it in the spelling, in order to avoid any confusion. Therefore in the texts, for example, the following changes were not made: Allah to Allaah, Islam to lslaam, hadith to hadeeth, sahih to saheeh, al-Bukhari to al-Bukhaari, Malik to Maalik and so on. This loose method oftransliteration will not be a shortcoming for those familiar with the Arabic letters and sounds. This is because the actual Arabic has been presented for virtually ever transliterated word and the majority ofthe referred to personalities referred. The Arabic is presented immediately after the word is mentioned in the text, in the selected vocabulary section, in the glossary, in the biographical data sec
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