A. B. Harnik,' Ulrich Meier,' and Alfred RosW Combined Influence of Freezing and Delcing Salt on Concrete—Physical Aspects REFERENCE: Harnik, A. B., Meier, Ulrich, and Rosli, Alfred, "Combined Influence of Freezing and Deicing Salt on Concrete—Physical Aspects," Durability of Building Materials and Components, ASTMSTP 691, P. J. Sereda and G. G. Litvan, Eds., Amer- ican Society for Testing and Materials, 1980, pp. 474-484. ABSTRACT; The observation that the durability of concrete often is lower under the combined influence of frost and deicing salts than under frost influence alone is discussed with regard to several physical aspects and mechanisms, for example, hydrodynamic ef- fect, capillary effect, supercooling, lowered melting point of water in smaller pores, layer- by-layer freezing. It is concluded that some of the most detrimental factors with regard to the durability of concrete are supercooling of water and aqueous solutions and a higher degree of saturation of the concrete in the presence of salts. The differing effects of dry application of deicing salts on snow-and-ice-covered concrete (temperature shock) com- pared to the preventive salt application on humid concrete (prevention of ice formation, but with some negative aspects) are discussed. KEY WORDS: capillary effect, cement paste, concrete, crystallization pressure, deicing salts, durability (concrete), freezing, frost resistance, hydraulic pressure, layer-by-layer freezing, porous media, preventive salt application, salt solutions, saturation, supercool- ing (water), temperature shock, building materials For many years it has been observed that the resistance of concrete against the combined influence of freezing and deicing salts seems to be generally lower than its resistance to frost alone. The causes of this puzzling phenome- non are not yet fully known. Some considerations of physical aspects perti- nent to this problem are discussed in this paper. 'Institut fUr Baustoffe, Werkstoffchemie und Korrosion, Department fUr Materialwissen- schaften, Eidgenossische Technische Hochschule Ziirich, Zurich, Switzerland. 474 Copyright 1980 by ASTM International www.astm.org Copyright by ASTM Int'l (all rights reserved); Sat Nov 8 05:45:19 EST 2014 Downloaded/printed by ETH Technical University Zuerich pursuant to License Agreement. No further reproductions authorized.
Combined Influence of Freezing and Delcing Salt on Concrete—Physical Aspects
May 01, 2023
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