Colonial Evolution in the 18 th Century Ana Yurena Manzano García Rosana Villares Maldonado COLONIAL AMERICA
Nov 11, 2014
Colonial Evolution in the 18th Century
Ana Yurena Manzano García Rosana Villares Maldonado
COLONIAL AMERICA
Index
� Introduction: Territories, Economy and Society. � Internal Cultural Conflicts:
� Enlightenment. � The Great Awakening.
� Imperial Wars: � King George’s War. � Seven Years’ War.
� Conclusion.
INTRODUCTION: FRENCH TERRITORIES
INTRODUCTION: SPANISH TERRITORIES
INTRODUCTION: ENGLISH TERRITORIES
INTRODUCTION: ECONOMY MERCANTILISTS EMPIRES IN AMERICA � Mercantilism. � Navigation Acts and its effects by 1750.
� Limited imperial trade to British-owned ships. � Navigation Acts forbidden the colonies’ exports of
good (unless England and Scotland). � Encouraged economic diversification. � Enrich the American Colonies.
� French colonies: They lost money with the fur trade. � Spanish colonies: Smuggling goods.
INTRODUCTION: SOCIETY IMMIGRATION DURING 18TH CENTURY ORIGIN POPULATION
Spanish colonies 19,000
French colonies 60,000
British colonies 1,1 million
Enslaved Africans Largest group of newcomers
Ireland 100,000
Germany 65,000
INTRODUCTION: SOCIETY THE RISE OF THE COLONIAL ELITES � 17th Century: class structure was no visible. � Wealth defined status (man and wife). � 18th Century:
� Main categories: � The Great gentry. � The lesser gentry. � The middle class farmers. � Colonial cities: poor urban underclass.
INTRODUCTION: SOCIETY ELITES AND COLONIAL POLITICS � The colonial elite dominated politics as well as society. � Political leadership: wealthy families with a tradition of
public service. � Conditions to vote:
� Men had to own land and properties. � Women, blacks and Indians excluded.
� Political indifference (rural areas, no political parties). � Political life only flourished in the major seaports. � Political development: the rise of the assembly.
INTERNAL CULTURAL CONFLICTS
� ENLIGHTENMENT: It is a movement characterized by a faith in reason and an appreciation of natural science.
� THE GREAT AWAKENING: It is a religious movement that pulsed across Protestant Europe in the 1730s and 1740s.
INTERNAL CULTURAL CONFLICTS: ENLIGHTENMENT
� American intellectuals. � Faith in reason and the appreciation of natural
science. � Benjamin Franklin and Thomas Jefferson. � It flourishes in the seaboard cities. � John Locke: “Rational” religion. � Fear Christianity’s excesses.
INTERNAL CULTURAL CONFLICTS: THE GREAT AWAKENING
� Ordinary people. � A revival religious movement. � Jonathan Edwards, George Whitefield, Gilbert
Tennent. � Division of American Protestantism: “New
Lights”.
INTERNAL CULTURAL CONFLICTS: THE GREAT AWAKENING
� Long-term effects: � Decline in the influence of older sects. � Founding of new colleges. � African Americans and Native Americans were
drew to Protestantism. � Women prominence in colonial religion. � Religious tolerance.
IMPERIAL WARS: THE SEVEN YEARS’ WAR (1756-1763)
� Virtual state of war between France and Britain.
� First years France won. � In 1758 the situation
changed for Britain (William Pitt).
� In 1760 the French resistance ended.
IMPERIAL WARS: THE SEVEN YEARS’ WAR (1756-1763)
� Treaty of Paris of 1763. � Territories after the
war: � Britain. � Spain. � France.
� Proclamation line of 1763.
CONCLUSION � Cultural Conflicts: Enlightenment and The Great
Awakening. � Imperial Wars: King George’s War and Seven Years’
War.
These are some of the causes of the tensions between the colonies and the British Empire that will end into
the American Revolution.