College English Unit 2 Sailing Round the World Unit 2 Sailing Round the World.

College English

Unit 2Unit 2 Sailing Round the World Sailing Round the World

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Backgroundinformation

VocabularyPhrases

TextExercises

1. About Sir Francis Chichester Born in Devon, Britain, in 1901, Sir Francis Chichester was a

British adventure. As a young man, he went to New Zealand, where he worked as a miner, salesman and land agent.

After returning to England in 1929, he made a solo flight to Australia in a biplane. Two years later, in 1931, he piloted the first east-west flight over the Tasman Sea between New Zealand and Australia. He then planned to fly round the world, but the plane was severely damaged in an accident in Japan.

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After World War II he founded a business in London. Taking up ocean sailing in 1953, he won the first solo transatlantic race in 1960 by sailing the “Gipsy Moth II” from Plymouth to New York city in 40 days.

On August 27, 1966, he set off to sail round the world alone in the “Gipsy Moth IV”. He finished his great voyage on May 28, 1967. Then he sailed on to Greenwich, where he was knighted by Queen Elizabeth II. He died in 1972, leaving behind two books he had written: The Lonely Sea and Sky and the Gipsy Moth Circle the

World.

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Knights and knighthood

Knights were the highest class of fighting men in Europe during the Middle Ages. There were other classes of fighting men, such as the lowly foot soldiers. But the knights, who fought on horseback, were the aristocrats of the battlefield. The great heroes of the time, both in story and in fact, were knights.

By the year 1500 the time of the knight as fighting man was over. Hired foot soldiers replaced the mounted knights. But knighthood did not die out altogether. Today in Great Britain, knighthood is an honorary award given to out standing people in recognition of some remarkable work they have done. A man with the rank of knight is called “Sir” (prefixed to his whole name or given name, but not to his surname alone), and his wife, “Lady”. A woman with the same rank is called “Dame”.

New words

single-handed: done by one person without help from others (used either as an adverb or as an adjective)

e.g. In the end he had to man the ship single-handed.

adventure: an exciting and/or dangerous journey or activity; strange or unusual happeninge.g. Every journey outside the house is an adventure to the baby.

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New words

determined: with one’s mind firmly made upe.g. Government is determined to further the reform.

fail:(vi.) be unsuccessful; become weak or exhausted e.g. She failed in everything she tried.(vt.) unable to do sth; disappoint; do not pass an exam e.g. Jim failed to pass the final exam.

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New words

retire:1) give up one’s job because of old age e.g. Professors usually retire at 60 in China.2) go away; withdraw e.g. Each side retired 15 miles from the frontier.

damage:(vt.) cause harm toe.g. Hurricane Andrew damaged thousands of homes.(n.) harm; losse.g. Hurricane Andrew did great damage to the crops.

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New words

cover: pass over ore travel (a certain distance)e.g. The travelers covered 400 miles a day by car. They covered three states in two days.

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voyage:(n.) sea journeye.g. The first space shuttle voyage was devoted entirely to astronomy.(v.) go on a sea journeye.g. The seaman has almost voyaged around the world.

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attempt:(n.) effort to do sth e.g. A true friend will make every attempt to help you.(vt.) try to do sth e.g. He attempted to win her love by sending her expensive gifts.

previously: beforee.g. We planned previously to visit the Museum, but we simply do not have the time.

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New words

contact: (vt.) get in touch with e.g. Do you contact your old classmates often?\(n.) state of touching or communication e.g. Many people are afraid of contacts with AIDS patients.

device: something made for a special purposee.g. A wind vane is a device to tell from which direction the wind blows.

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New words

very: (used for emphasis) same; identicale.g. You are the very man I want to see. Everyone says he is the very man for the job.

conquer: defeat; overcomee.g. More and more people have come to realize that we must

not “conquer” nature, but we should make good use of it , instead.

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New words

nearby: not far off (used either as an adjective or an adverb)e.g. At a nearby table people were talking loudly.

moreover: in addition; furthermoree.g. He is undoubtedly not an ideal husband. He smokes and drinks. Moreover, he is lazy.

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give up: stop having or doing; abandon hope for sth. or the attempt to do sth.

e.g. We should not give up halfway.

carry out: complete or fulfill (one’s promise, plan, etc.)

e.g. She carried out well the tasks assigned her.

Phrases and expressions HOME

plenty of: (followed by either a countable or an uncountable noun) a large quantity or number of

e.g. plenty of water/sugar/money/time

plenty of books/chairs/bottles

all by oneself: completely alone; without any help

e.g. She was there all by herself.


dissuade sb. from doing sth: prevent sb. From dong sth; by giving reasons

e.g. They dissuaded her from leaving school.

set off: begin a journey; start

e.g. We set off at dawn.


in spite of: regardless of e.g. The headmaster decided to hire this young man in spite of the fact that he had had no teaching experience at all.

by far: by a large degree (usually used to modify a superlative or comparative degree adjectives or adverb)

e.g. This is by far the better of the two.


turn over: (cause to) reverse in position by bringing the bottom to the top or vice versa

e.g. The lamp was turned over, and that was what started the fire.

so…that…: to (or in) such a degree that …

e.g. She ran so fast that we couldn’t catch up with her.

Phrases and expressions

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While reading activity: Text

Text

Comprehension of the Text

Effective Writing Skills

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1. What happened to Francis Chichester in 1931?

He had already surprised his friends several times. He had tried to fly round the world but failed.

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2. How old was he when he started his voyage round the world?

At the age of nearly sixty-five.

HOMEComprehension of the Text

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3. What was the name of his boat? What was the length of the boat?

It was named Gipsy Moth, and 16- metre long.


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4. What route did Chichester follow in sailing round the world?

He followed the route of the great nineteenth century clipper ships.


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5. How many miles did he cover on the first half of his voyage?

He covered 14,000 miles before stopping in Sydney.


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6. What did his friends in Sydney try to dissuade him from doing?

Everybody dissuaded him from continuing his voyage.


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7. In what way was the second half of his voyage the more dangerous part?

The second half of his voyage was by far the more dangerous part, during which he sailed round the treacherous Cape Horn.


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8. What happened to Chichester on the night of January 30?

The sea became so rough that the boat almost turned over. Food, clothes, and broken glass were all mixed together.


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9. How did Chichester feel after sailing round Cape Horn?

He felt as if he had wakened from a nightmare. Wild horses could not drag me down to Cape Horn and that sinister Southern Ocean again.”


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10. How was he received when he arrived back in England?

He arrived back in England, where a quarter of a million people were waiting to welcome him.


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11. What title is added to his name when a man become a knight?

Sir.


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12. How many miles did the second half of the voyage cover?

14,400 miles.


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In the text of the unit, there are sentences such as:---Chichester covered 14,000 miles before stopping in Sydney,

Australia. _(= …before he stopped in Sydney, Australia)---After resting in Sydney for a few weeks, Chichester set off

once more in spite of his friends’ attempts to dissuade him. (= After he had returned in Sydney …)

In these sentences, gerundial phrases (动名词短语） are used instead of clauses. Besides gerundial phrases, infinitives（不定式 ), participial phrases（分词短语） , or prepositional phrases（介词短语） can also be used to replace（替换） clauses.

Contraction: reducing (简化） clauses to phrases or words

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Vocabulary Ex. 3

Completing table Ex. 5 Completing sentences Ex. 6

Fill in blanks Ex. 4

Exercises

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Structure Ex. 9 Translation Ex. 10

4. Exercises—Vocabulary4. Exercises—Vocabulary

Choose the definition from column B that best matches each italicized word or phrase in column A.

1. determined to carry out his plan a. besides

2. covered 14,000 miles b. persuade not to do sth.

3. dissuade him c. traveled

4. fortunately d. not far away

5. damage to the boat e. having a strong will

6. contact the nearest person f. overcome

7. a ship nearby g. harm

8. what he wanted to accomplish h. luckily

9. conquer fear i. get in touch with

10. moreover j. succeed in doing

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9. Exercises—Structure9. Exercises—Structure

Change the following sentences after the models:

Model 1 : His new boat was 16 metres long.

It was a new 16-metres boat.1. The voyage covered 28,500 miles.

It was a 28,500-mile voyage.

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2. We took a tour that lasted five days.

We took a five-day tour.

3. That student wrote a report that was ten pages long.

That student wrote a ten-page report.


4. Sam’s new apartment is in a building which was twelve stories.

Sam’s new apartment is in a twelve-story building.

2. The students are in their fourth year (at college).

They are fourth year student.

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Model 2: The clipper ships were built in the nineteenth century.

They are nineteenth century clipper ships.

1. The castle was built in the thirteenth century.

It is a thirteenth century castle.


3. The material is of the first class.

It is first-class material.

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4. The work is definitely of the second class.

It is definitely second-class.


Compare the following sentences, using so that, and … as well or as…as one can:

7. He plays basketball and football, ( 他还游泳滑冰 ).

You should give them a response as early as you can.

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He plays basketball and football, and swims and skates as well.

8. You should ( 尽早给他们一个答复 ).

８８ .Exercises—Structure.Exercises—Structure

Compare the following sentences, using so that, and … as well or as…as one can:

9. ( 请尽快把这本书看完 ). I have to return it to the library tomorrow afternoon.

When he left his parents, he promised them that he would write home as often as he could.

Please read over the book as quickly as you can. I have to return it to the library tomorrow afternoon.

10. When he left his parents, he promised them that he would ( 尽量多写家信 ).

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6. Exercises—Completing Sentences6. Exercises—Completing Sentences

Complete the following sentences, using the words given in brackets.

1. I … that it was a mistake to let him go. (can’t help)

2. After drinking heavily at the New Year’s Eve party, … the next morning with a painful headache.

I can’t help thinking that it was a mistake to let him go.

After drinking heavily at the New Year’s Eve party, I was wakened the next morning with a painful headache.

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His classmates tried to dissuaded him from swimming across the lake, but he did not listen.

After studying Unit One, we all set out to improve our study habits.

3. His classmates tried to … swimming across the lake, but he did not listen. (dissuade)

4. After studying Unit One, we all … our study habits. (set out)



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5. I recognized him as a friend of my father’s whom I … once or twice. (previously)

6. Of all American cities, San Francisco is considered by many to … beautiful. (by far)

I recognized him as a friend of my father’s whom I had previously met once or twice.

Of all American cities, San Francisco is considered by many to be by far the most beautiful.



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Country Adjective Person

Australia Australian an Australian

America American an American

China Chinese a Chinese

Canada Canadian a Canadian

England English an Englishman

France French a Frenchman

Japan Japanese a Japanese

Greece Greek a Greek

India Indian an Indian

Germany German a German

Spain Spanish a Spaniard

Italy Italian an Italian Back

5. 5. Exercises—FillingExercises—Filling

1. Though she is nearly 65, Mary doesn’t want to___.

2. Freezing weather did much ___to the orange tree.

retire

damage

attemptaccomplish damagecontact

retire by far turn over give up

be determined conquer nearby more over

all by oneself

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3. I’ll ___you by telephone when I hear anything new.

4. The boy ___ his fear of the dark and walked alone in the woods at night.

contact

conquered




all by oneself

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55. Exercises—Filling. Exercises—Filling

5. He ___ his seat on the bus to an old woman standing ___.

6. Do you believe that a 15-year-old girl has translated this English story into Chinese ___.

gave up; nearby

all by herself




all by oneself

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7. He made a new ___ to solve the problem, but failed again.

8. He is a man of great ability. I am sure that a lot will be ___ if he is elected chairman of the student union.

attempt

accomplished




all by oneself

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9. Jack arrived an hour late for the meeting. ___, he didn’t even apologize or give any explanation.

10. He says you are ___ the best candidate (候选人） .

moreover

by far




all by oneself

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11. In those days the Portuguese were trying to reach India by sailing round Africa, but Columbus ___ to prove that India could be reached by sailing west.

12. The boat ___, throwing the boys into the water.

was determined

turned over




all by oneself

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1. 幸好附近有家医院，我们立刻把他送到了那里。

14. Exercises—Translation 14. Exercises—Translation

Fortunately there are a hospital nearby and we took him there at once.

2. 胜利登上乔治岛后，船长向指挥部发了一份无线电报。

After succeeding in landing on George Island, the captain sent a radio message to his headmasters.

Translate the following sentences into English.

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3. 他决心继续他的实验，不过这次他将用另一种办法来做。


He is determined to continue his experiment but this time he will do it another way.

4. 她读这部小说时，不禁想起了她在农村度过的那五年。 When she read the novel, she couldn’t help thinking of the five years she had spent in the countryside.

5. 玛莉觉得单靠自己的力量执行她的计划是困难的．Mary thought it difficult to carry out her plan all by herself.

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6. 我们认为他不能在一刻钟内走完那段距离，但他成功地做到了这一点。


We didn’t think he could cover the distance in a quarter of an hour, but he succeeded in doing it.

7. 甚至在他的医生告诉他患有肺癌之后，奇切斯特仍不肯放弃环球旅行的宿愿。

Even after his doctor told him he had lung cancer, Chichester would not give up his old dream of sailing round the world.

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14. Exercises—Translation 14. Exercises—Translation HOME

The end.

8. 我正忙着在做一种新的捕鼠器装置时，马克走来拖着我出去看花展去了。

I was busy making a new device for catching rats when Mark came and dragged out to a flower show.

College English Unit 2 Sailing Round the World Unit 2 Sailing Round the World.

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