Nov 8,2004 EON2004 - ISWC2004, Hiros hima, Japan 1 Collaborative Ontology B uilding with Wiki@nt Preliminary Report Jie Bao and Vasant Honavar Artificial Intelligence Research Laboratory Computer Science Department Iowa State University Ames IA USA 50010 {baojie,honavar}@cs.iastate.edu
This document is posted to help you gain knowledge. Please leave a comment to let me know what you think about it! Share it to your friends and learn new things together.
Transcript
Nov 8,2004 EON2004 - ISWC2004, Hiroshima, Japan
1
Collaborative Ontology Building with Wiki@nt
Preliminary Report
Jie Bao and Vasant HonavarArtificial Intelligence Research Laboratory
Computer Science DepartmentIowa State University
Ames IA USA 50010{baojie,honavar}@cs.iastate.edu
Nov 8,2004 EON2004 - ISWC2004, Hiroshima, Japan 2
Outline Overview
Nov 8,2004 EON2004 - ISWC2004, Hiroshima, Japan 3
Motivation Ontology construction is a collaborative process
direct cooperation among domain experts, and software agents
indirect cooperation through reuse of published ontologies. Integration: different participants have only partial knowledge
of the domain, and hence can contribute part of the ontology. Modularity helps!
Reconciliation: Semantic mismatches and logical inconsistencies between independently developed ontologies are unavoidable.
Existing ontology editors (Protégé, OilEd…) are mostly focused on stand-alone ontology development rather than collaborative construction of ontologies.
How about KAON, OntoEdit, WebODE, CODE ? Lack of modularity
Nov 8,2004 EON2004 - ISWC2004, Hiroshima, Japan 4
Wiki@nt Wiki : a kind of collaborative d
ocumentation writing/website building tool
@nt = Ont + Ant Ont for ontology Ant to denote a type of collabora
tive agent Wiki@nt: a collaborative ontol
ogy editor with wiki
Nov 8,2004 EON2004 - ISWC2004, Hiroshima, Japan 5
Ants for ontologyWithout SHOE how can you be a RACER?Without Sesame how can you make OIL?
Semantic Web is a plan of goodBut without ontology it’s only a nil.
Everyone adds a small piece of brick It takes the labor of many to make the Rome
real.
Let’s create ontology hand in handJust like ants build their hill.
Nov 8,2004 EON2004 - ISWC2004, Hiroshima, Japan 6
Proposed ApproachWiki Engine for
Collaborative EditingUnderlying Language to support
modularity and reconciliationBrowser-based Editor
Agent C
om
munity
Dynamic loading of Partial Model
Seria
lizatio
n
Nov 8,2004 EON2004 - ISWC2004, Hiroshima, Japan 7
Outline Overview Ontology Language Extension
Nov 8,2004 EON2004 - ISWC2004, Hiroshima, Japan 8
Ontology Language Extension - to support modularity POWL: package-based ontolo
gy language Package is an ontology modu
le with clearly defined access interface
Each term is defined in a package and has its scope Eg: public, private
Constructor P (Bao and Honavar 2004)
P1
P2
public
private
P1
P2
public
private
Nov 8,2004 EON2004 - ISWC2004, Hiroshima, Japan 9
Interface
Nov 8,2004 EON2004 - ISWC2004, Hiroshima, Japan 10
Ontology Language Extension- to handle inconsistency
A |= t, but {A,B} !|= t A: DisjointClasses(Plant,Animal) A: SubClassOf( Dog , Carnivore ) A: SubClassOf( Carnivore, Animal)
Default defeating rules Local-first: a local package axiom defeats axiom from im
ported package Higher-first: social order of the author, eg. administrator
defeats common user
Nov 8,2004 EON2004 - ISWC2004, Hiroshima, Japan 20
Architecture – Wiki Engine/Memory Mgmt
While most of the popular ontology editors have in-memory model for edited ontology, Wiki@nt doesn't.
An in-memory model limits the scalability of the system In-memory model implicitly assumes the existence of a glo
bal ontology, requires monotonicity. We store ontology as a set of separated, possibly dist
ributed blocks in Wiki@nt. Each block is serialized to a wiki page when it's not being a
ctively edited, and is loaded into memory only when it's needed.
A (local or remote) partial ontology model is dynamically loaded into local memory during an editing or reasoning process, from a set of pages.
Nov 8,2004 EON2004 - ISWC2004, Hiroshima, Japan 21
Architecture – Wiki Engine/Transaction Mgmt
Wiki@nt denies the write-access of agents to a page and related pages if it is locked by some other agents.
If a class is under editing/lock, its superclasses in the class hierarchy and its instances will be locked.
If a property is under editing/lock, its superproperties in the property hierarchy will be locked.
If a concept, property or instance is under editing/lock, all other concepts, properties or instances in the same wikipage(axiom group) will be locked.
If a package is locked, all packages that import it will be locked.
Locking is propagated by recursively applying these rules.
Nov 8,2004 EON2004 - ISWC2004, Hiroshima, Japan 22
Architecture – Agent Management
Each participant in Wiki@nt is considered as an agent.
Each agent is assigned different privileges, such as ontology administrator and package manager.
An agent can become an editor of an existing ontology module or create a new module.
RPC interface is reserved for software agents.
Nov 8,2004 EON2004 - ISWC2004, Hiroshima, Japan 23
Architecture – Ontology I/O We can export wiki pages as a single ontology file, o
r read an ontology file into Wiki Ontology Repository.
The relevant portion of an ontology is extracted or assembled from the wiki pages.
Each loaded ontology is assigned a unique name, eg. http://mydomain.org/animal/
Reduce to standard OWL Package could be eliminated by adding a prefix to its axiom
s, eg: package1.Dog Defeated axioms will be removed
Nov 8,2004 EON2004 - ISWC2004, Hiroshima, Japan 24
Outline Overview Ontology Language Extension Wiki@nt Architecture Closing Remarks
Nov 8,2004 EON2004 - ISWC2004, Hiroshima, Japan 25
Future work Better transaction management What is “sufficient” local model in reasoning?
For memory management Better policy to assign partial order over axioms Better graphic, interactive UI
Java/Applet client Plugins for Protégé ?
More formal versioning representation A reasoner over P+O+OWL Scalability test Many others……
Nov 8,2004 EON2004 - ISWC2004, Hiroshima, Japan 26
Thank you !Contact:
Jie Bao215 Atanasoff Hall, Iowa State UniversityAmes IA 50010 [email protected], 1-515-294-7331http://www.cs.iastate.edu/~baojie
More Information: Bao, Jie and Honavar, Vasant (2004) Ontology Language Extensions to Support Loca
lized Semantics, Modular Reasoning, and Collaborative Ontology Design and Ontology Reuse . Technical Report, Computer Sicence, Iowa State University.
Bao, Jie and Honavar, Vasant (2004) Collaborative Ontology Building with Wiki@nt - A multi-agent based ontology building environment . Technical Report, Computer Science, Iowa State University.
Nov 8,2004 EON2004 - ISWC2004, Hiroshima, Japan 27
Backups
Nov 8,2004 EON2004 - ISWC2004, Hiroshima, Japan 28
@ntHill – Whole Picture
OntologyRepository
Wiki@nt P-OWL
Hum
an
Exp
ert
Email list
Newsgroup
Forum
Blog
Wiki
P2P node
SemanticRSS-aware
Channel
SemanticRSS-aware
Channel
SemanticRSS-aware
Channel
Agents: Ontology
MiningBrowser
Onto
logy A
lignm
ent
• Version Control• Redundancy Check• Conflict Check• Cross Validation