Cold War Chapter 18 section 2. China 1945 ◦During WWII Communist and Nationalists had worked together After WWII they had ceased cooperation ◦For 2.

Cold WarChapter 18 section 2

China

1945◦During WWII Communist and Nationalists had

worked together After WWII they had ceased cooperation

◦For 2 decades China communism had struggled under Nationalist government

◦Civil war erupted

China

1945-1949◦U.S tried to remain a peace maker◦U.S Supported the Nationalist

Will send $3 billion dollars in supplies

Sides in China

Nationalist◦Chiang Kai-shek◦Gained taxes from farmers even during the

famine◦U.S government say this way of ruling was

inefficient and hopelessly corrupt American policy favored nationalist because it opposed Communism

Communism◦Mao Zedong◦Worked to win peasant support◦Encouraged peasants to learn to read◦Helped to improve food production◦1945 Northern China was under communist

control

After the Civil War in May 1949 Chiang will flee to Taiwan

Communist now ran mainland China◦People’s Republic of China◦U.S did not accept this as China’s true

government

U.S was stunned that China had become Communist◦American public was scared it was going to

spread to them

Korean War

Japan had ruled Korea 1910 until August 1945

Korean is going to split◦38th parallel◦North surrendered to the Soviet

Communist◦South surrendered to the Americans

Democratic

Republic of Korea◦South Korea◦Occupied by the United States◦Syngman Rhee◦Capital- Seoul

Korea’s traditional capital

Democratic People’s republic of Korea◦North ◦Kim Il Sung◦Based in Pyongyang

Korean War

June 25, 1950◦North Korea will go across the 38th Parallel◦Surprise attack on the South Korean’s◦South Korea had called the UN for help

Had a vote in the UN Security Council◦Passed

Americans sent troops stationed in Japan to South Korea

16 other Nations send aid to South Korea◦Will be under General MacArthur’s command

North Korea had pushed South Korea and UN troops to the eastern portion of the peninsula

MacArthur had a counterattackNovember UN approaches the Yalu River

◦Between Korea and China◦Seemed as though Korea was going to be one

nation

China did not want Americans to come to their boarders◦Going to enter the war on North Koreas side

Korean War◦ Communist China vs. American’s

1951

MacArthur wants to attack China◦Nuclear weapons on Chinese cities

By attacking China= WWIII◦Truman rejected the proposal◦China and Soviet Union had a mutual

assistance pact

MacArthur is unsatisfied with Truman's answer◦Continued urging a full-scale war against China◦His superiors informed him that he had no

authority to make policy decisions◦MacArthur continued to criticize the president

April 11,1951 Truman fires MacArthur'sJune 23, 1951 Soviet Union suggests a

cease-fire◦Peace talks begin in July

Peace Talks

Agreed on two points◦Cease-fire line at the existing battle line◦Establishment of a demilitarized zone

July 1953- both sides signed an armistice◦Ending the war◦Agreement was a stalemate