Cold comfort or too hot to handle? Caring for our future built environment Exeter 5 th October 2017 Tony Norton Director Centre for Energy and the Environment University of Exeter [email protected] 1 Luke Mitchell Energy and Sustainability Manager RD&E NHS Foundation Trust [email protected]
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Cold comfort or too hot to handle?
Caring for our future built environment
Exeter 5th October 2017
Tony Norton
Director
Centre for Energy and the Environment
University of Exeter
1
Luke Mitchell
Energy and Sustainability Manager
RD&E NHS Foundation Trust
UK CO2 emissions in 2016 – 30% buildings
20%
3%
7%
70%
Residential
Public
Commercial
Other non building
2
Note: Direct and indirect (grid electricity) emissions
Source: Committee on Climate Change 2017
Trends in CO2 emissions from UK buildings
3
Note: Direct emissions only
Source: Committee on Climate Change 2017
Trends in UK residential energy efficiency
4
Source: Committee on Climate Change 2017
CCC indicators for reducing building emissions
5
UK buildings policy gap
6
Source: Committee on Climate Change 2017
Adapting to future climate
Predicted UK heat wave frequency
7
Source: CEE
Montgomery Primary School, Exeter
8
The UK’s first zero carbon in use Passivhaus climate change
ready school
Source: CEE
Adapting buildings to climate change underway
St Loyes Extra Care, Exeter
9
Source: Gale and Snowden Architects
Adaptation for Heat - Passive
10
Cross-ventilation – 10 to15% improvement over heating compared with single-sided ventilation Super insulated envelope - helps to stabilise internal temperatures and reduce solar gain - 3 to 6% improvement Intelligent ventilation control - intelligent window control 4% improvement Extracting heat at source - relocation of internal heat gains outside thermal envelope - 5% improvement Mass vs lightweight construction – 2 to 4% improvement with mass Living plants/landscape - green microclimates - reduce summer temp by 3% and internal temps by 1.5°C Solar shading - local shading - 2% improvement
Source: Gale and Snowden Architects
Adaptation for Heat - Active
11
People-centred: Ceiling-mounted fans in rooms - increase air movement and sweat evaporation. Drinking points - aid hydration Management/staff heat stress awareness and training. No cooking in flats during heat waves - central cafe Active design: Ventilation control - windows closed when external temperatures are hotter than internal - 2 to 4% improvement MVHR coupled with ventilation control - supply air reduced by 10°C in summer combined with closing windows when temperature is above 22-25°C reduces overheating to zero for 2080 climate prediction MVHR ground cooling - close loop ground to brine exchanger
Source: Gale and Snowden Architects
Adaptation for Air Pollution - Healthy Design
12
• Good ventilation rates • Thermal comfort • Filtration of pollutants and pollen using MVHR when needed • Removal of carbon dioxide by MVHR. • Non-VOC materials • Plants used to clean air - courtyard design provides fresh air microclimate • Cleanable surfaces to reduce dust mites infestation • Radial wiring to reduce EMFs • Building and landscape design working together to provide healthy environments
Source: Gale and Snowden Architects
Adaptation for Water
13
• Water retention via planting and landscape design - attenuation by roots • Irrigation SUDs system - underground swales and rainwater storage crate system • Rainwater collection - ground and plants irrigation, flushing WCs, sluices and laundry
Source: Gale and Snowden Architects
NHS carbon footprint breakdown 2015
14
15%
43%
20%
12%
10% Procurement (phama)
Procurement (other)
Building energy
Travel
Comissioned outsideNHS
Source: NHS SDU
Building energy 4,600ktCO2
Total 22,900ktCO2
Devon site CO2 emissions 2015
15
Source: NHS SDU
NHS carbon reduction wedges
16
Source: NHS SDU
Health and care CO2 reduction to 2020
17
Source: NHS SDU
Energy efficiency studies at the RD&E
18
Source: CEE 2013
Energy efficiency measures at the RD&E
19
Source: CEE 2014
Energy efficiency measures at the RD&E
20
Source: CEE 2014
Exeter energy network
21 Source: WSP 2017
Cold comfort or too hot to handle?
Caring for our future built environment
Exeter 5th October 2017
Tony Norton
Director
Centre for Energy and the Environment
University of Exeter
22
Luke Mitchell
Energy and Sustainability Manager
RD&E NHS Foundation Trust
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