coir

CHAPTER-I

1. INTRODUCTION AND DESIGN OF THE TRAINING

1.1 INTRODUCTION

Coir, popularly known as the “Golden Fiber” is a natural fiber extracted from

fibrous husk of the coconut shell and is used to make a wide range of products such as

ropes, mats, mattresses, baskets, brushes, brooms, etc. Nature's wonder fiber is extracted

from the protective husk of the Coconut. This golden fibre is spun into a breath-taking range

of textured yarn and woven into a spectrum of colorful floor coverings A major portion of

the coir in the form of coir pads is sprayed with rubber latex which bonds the fibre together

to convert it in the form of rubberized coir.

The preparation of coir is a lengthy process. The coconut husk is immersed in the

water for about a month. The softened husk then is beaten to separate the fiber from the

husk. This is then woven for making yarn, known as coir. While 50 per cent of coconut

husk is used for making coir, the remaining share is used as a fuel in the rural areas.

1.2 THE GLOBAL COIR TRADE

Currently, the worldwide production year’s coconut fibers, about 350,000 tons

(MT). But even in the top two producers in the world, India and the process in Sri Lanka,

approximately 90% of world production of coconut-fiber composite, this is entirely

renewable energy, local coir mill only part of the straw on orders, more or less throughout

the year as waste during coconut processing.

The traditional use of renewable and sustainable carefully prepared and lids, brooms

and brushes, door mats, carpets, mattresses and other materials, often in the form of rubber

and coconut Mats. In the years 1980 and 1990 world exports of coconut, reduced by nearly

half, as west consumers shifted to synthetic fibers and foams. Then, in 1990, rapidly rising

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domestic demand in India more than doubled production in the world, the only Indian coir

industry. Finally, in 2001, the Chinese demand for coconut, a growing market for coconut

products, erosion control, and distribution of primary and coconut peat substitute in

horticulture production, and keep the pressure on world prices. On the other hand, another

case of the growing countries like the Philippines, Thailand and Vietnam's growing IT

production and export of coir. These changes were seen in the international trade in coconut.

Historically, Sri Lanka is the world's leading exporter of various types of fibers, while India

exports mainly value-added products - History, blankets and carpets.

Although approximately 80% of world production in 1990 for the growth of exports

in the Indian domestic market share of less than 40%. Global trade volume of coconut fiber,

the added value products - yarn, blankets, and carpets - and coir pith is now approximately

140 million U.S. dollars per year, India and Sri Lanka each accounted for about $ 70 and $

60,000,000 of that amount.

In Sri Lanka, coconut-related exports constitute 6 percent of the agricultural exports

more than 1% of total exports and 0.35 percent of GDP. Moreover, grinding coconut and

value, especially spinning and weaving are the main employers in the region, particularly in

rural southern India and Sri Lanka coast.

They use 500,000 people, many of whom work part-time. Nevertheless, productivity

is generally difficult. The challenges facing the industry is to expand sustainable markets for

different renewable energy and its role as employer of the rural poor. This may mean that

the manufacturer innovation to the consistency of product improvement and in particular the

development of new applications - with customers in the importing countries. Business,

government and research institutions working on the challenges of multilateral projects

around the world - for example, where the world can be beneficial to all parties involved.

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1.2 COIR INDUSTRY IN INDIA:

The State of Kerala also known as the “Land of Coconut” is the largest producer of

coir in India. It accounts for more than 75 per cent of the total production.

Coir industry in the state provides employment to around 4 lakhs persons of which

3.25 lakhs are women. India accounts for more than two-thirds of the world production of

coir and coir products. It is an important cottage industry contributing significantly to the

economy.

Indian coir industry is an important cottage industry contributing significantly to the

economy of the major coconut growing States and Union Territories, i.e., Kerala, Tamil

Nadu, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Maharashtra, Goa, Orissa, Assam, Andaman & Nicobar,

Lakshadweep, Pondicherry, etc. About .5.5 lakhs persons get employment, in this industry.

The exports from this industry are around Rs. 70 crores. Hence, there is scope for growth of

coir industry.

The Coir Industry in India has a strong position in the export orientation since the early

days, when trade was dominated by European companies. At the beginning of the

independence of the local trade in the hands came a turning point in the history of the

coconut industry in India. Structures of production and relations have changed

significantly.

The pattern of exports and product mix has changed. The level of fiber and yarn

exporter, India is an exporter of goods with added value. This in turn led to a significant

change in total volume and value of exports.

During the year 1950 the average export volume dropped to 73,200 tons per year. In

1960 the export volume decreased to 62 300 tonnes per year. It's back to 45 700 tonnes per

year continue in the 1070s and 26 700 tonnes in 1980.From an average annual export

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realization of Rs.80 million in 1950 was Rs.120 million in 1960, one million Rs.210

Rs.300 million in 1970 and 1980. Until the mid-90s was Rs.1, € 710 million in sales to Rs.

3,400 million in 2003. During the Seventh Plan period, encouragement has been given for

expansion of home market through publicity and advertisement, product diversification,

adoption of new technology, research and development, training for artisans, including

women and social welfare measures for coir workers, most of them are SC/ST and women.

The Eighth Plan programmes for coir industry increased the utilization of coconut husk

for production of coir fibre, growth of the domestic market, strengthening the research and

development activity to find out the uses of coir fibre especially in the areas of geo-fibre,

cement and gypsum polymer development, acquiring of new technology like PVC-tufted

coir products and etc.,

The development programmes so far undertaken aimed at revitalization of coir

cooperatives, improvement in quality and products diversification.

Efforts were also made for exploring wider export markets for coir and coir products.

Judged from the increase in production and employment, the progress has been rather slow

and exports in physical terms have remained more or less static.

Emphasis has been given devices/equipment/machinery through R&D to reduce

drudgery and to improve productivity of coir workers. Development of improved variety of

rats and looms would help in improving the production of coir yarn spinning, coir mets,

etc. In order to boost exports, the scheme of cooperative publicity/programme in the export

markets which was started in the Seventh Plan would be continued.

India accounts for more than two-thirds of the world production of coir and coir

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products. Kerala is the home of Indian coir industry, particularly white fibre, accounting

for 61 per cent of coconut production and over 85 per cent of coir products.

2.7 PRODUCT PROFILE:

COIR FIBRE:

Coir Fibre is manufactured from matured coconut husk that is soaked, crushed, combed and

dried. Usage: In the manufacture of ropes and door mats.

CURLED COIR:

Coir Fibre is cleaned with hackling machine and the cleaned hackled fibre passes through

the twisting machine and the coiled fibre is framed. The same twisted fibre is bundled into required

weight. Curled coir is used for mattresses.

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HUSK CHIPS & COIR YARN:

Husk Chips are ideal for mulching and for Orchid cultivation. Coconut husk chips are

100% organic and made from a renewable resource. It is a by-product of the coconut harvest.

Coconut Husk Chips holds moisture up to 7 times of its weight, it lasts for several years, its

durable. Coconut Husk Chips are a stable carbon source, has excellent drainage, has

outstanding the water and nutrient holding capacity and guards against mold and fungus

problems. It has been used successfully as a potting medium for orchids, potted plants, roses,

tropical plants and hydroponics growing.

COCO PEAT:

After extraction of Fibre the husk waste is hot air dried and compacted by machine to

make Coco Peat. Usage: Widely used in Farms Horticulture Landscaping Home Gardening

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CARPET UNDERLAY:

Carpet underlay is a lining used under carpets to give cushioning effect. It is used for

Auditoriums, Offices and drawing rooms. It can also easily be cleaned. Underlay acts as a

"shock absorber" between your new carpet and the floor. Provide luxury and comfort *

Protect & Prolong the life of your carpet * Help your carpet to look better for longer *

Provides excellent sound insulation * Provides excellent heat insulation.

COMFORT PRODUCTS:

LUXURY AND ECONOMY PILLOW

COIR – ON CUSHIONS

COIR – ON BOISTERS

COIR – ON HOISTERY

RUBBERIZED COIR MATTRESSES:

The mattresses are the main product manufactured:

PLATINUM:

Rubberized Coir Block with suitable PU Foam on the top and bottom reinforced side walls and

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covered with foam and fabric superior satin mill cloth.

Density : 80 gm / dm3;

Size : Any size

Thickness : Up to 8 inches

DIAMOND :

Rubberized Coir Block with suitable PU Foam on top side and covered with foam and fabric superior

satin mill cloth.

Density : 80 gm / dm3;

Size : Any size

Thickness : Up to 8 inches

GOLD :

Rubberized Coir Block with suitable PU Foam on top covered with attractive superior

satin mill cloth.

Density : 80 gm / dm3;

Size : Any size

Thickness : Up to 8 inches

SILVER:

Rubberized Coir Block with suitable PU Foam on top covered with attractive jacquard cloth.

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OBJECTIVES OF THE TRAINING

To know about various process in coir industry.

To gain practical knowledge about the functions of various departments, in the

organization.

SCOPE OF THE TRAINING

The training highlight the activity is , which involved in the entire coir product in PSG

Pvt ltd . this training covers the entire process like Purchase, Production, Marketing, Finance

and HR

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COMPANY PROFILE

ABOUT THE COMPANY

PRADEEP EXPORTS Coimbatore is situated about 40 kms away from the cotton

city-coimbatore- in Tamil Nadu, India. Which very near to the hosiery town, TIRUPUR.

Pollachi is easily accessible by road, rail and air.

PRADEEP EXPORTS- Over three decades gained experience in Coconut

Plantation and its products. The firm has specialized in Coconut and Coir Products, which

was started in 2006 by Mr. Devaraj. In the initial stage the company produced Coir fibre

only.

Mr.P.Suresh kannan, the Managing Director of PRADEEP EXPORTS has visible

various technically advanced countries and he learned innovative ideas and he implemented

in his farm. Besides, the group is having a unit in the style and name of PRADEEP

EXPORTSChilaw, Srilanka and producing value added Coir and Coconut Products.

The concern has branches all over the main cities in India. The cities are

located in Bangalore, Vijayawada, Coimbatore, Madurai, chittur, Chennai and Kerala.

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MISSION OF THE COMPANY

To be the preferred producer to the basic needs of the market by providing

product of outstanding value through the adoption of the global standards.

Increase confidence in production system.

Increase revenue and market share obtained through flexible and fast

response to market opportunities

Increase effectiveness in the use of organization resources to enhance

customer satisfaction

VISSION OF THE COMPANY

To satisfy the customer needs and wants

To be the perfect manufacturer to the basic needs of the market.

To maintain the quality of the product.

To maintain a global standard in the market.

To increase the profit

To increase market share.

To satisfy the workers by giving bonus, salaries.

To maintain the quality of the product.

PROFILE OF THE COMPANY

Name of company : PRADEEP EXPORTS Location : 237/2, Koduvai Road, Nagarakalanthai,

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Dhasanaickenpalayam (po), Jakkarpalayam (via), Sulr (Tk)), Coimbatore – 642202.

Managing director : Mr.P.Suresh kannan Raw materials : Curled coir Product manufactured : Coir products like mattresses,

Pillows and cushions Number of employees : 55 Year of commencement : 2006 Sector : Private sector Banker : SBI ,ICICI bank, Pollachi. Branch : Six Branches : Bangalore, chittur, Chennai, covai,

Madurai, Vijayawada. Competitors : Kurl-on Duroflex, Retroflex. Export Details : North America, South America,

Europe, South East Asia, Africa, . Mid East, Western Europe, Email id : [email protected]

FACTORY DETAILS

Factory Size (Sq.meters) : 1,000-3,000 square meters

QA/QC : In House

Number of R&D Staff : Less than 5 People

Number of QC staff : 5 – 10 People

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MILES STONES

AWARDS / RECOGNITION

RAJIV GANDHI NATIONAL QUALITY AWARD 2001

Coir-on Foam Products have been awarded the prestigious Commendation

Certificate of Rajiv Gandhi National Quality Award 2001, evaluated by the experts of the

Bureau of Indian Standards, Government of India. Further the Arch of Europe International

Award was also received subsequently.

QUALITY POLICY / PROCESS

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The company grew up and has been recognized as an ISI Certification and achieved

the product BIS license as per IS: 8391/87 during 2001 for the quality products. The team

further activated and developed the industry and obtained International Organization of

Standardization (ISO: 9001/2000) in May 2002.

ORGANISATION CHART

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PLANT

SUPERVISOR

PRODUCTION

MANAGER

PRODUCTION

DEPARTMENT

PERSONAL

MANAGER

GENERAL MANAGER

STORES

INCHARGE

ACCOUNT

MANAGER

PURCHASE

MANAGER

PERSONAL

DEPARTMENT

DEPOS

SALES MANAGER

A/C

DEPT

STORES

PURCHASE

DEPARTMENT

ADMINISTRATIVE

DEPARTMENT

SALES &

MARKETING

DEPARTMNET

Plant layout

It refers to the specific arrangement of machines and tools in order to secure maximum

possible output of good quality at the lowest cool of production it means keeping similar

machines are similar operations at one location here machine will be arrange according to

their functions. It also called as functional layout.

Plant location

A plant is a place where men, materials, money, machinery, equipment etc., are

bought together for manufacturing products.

In this concern plant located in the rural area of kallipalayam puthur. They provide

employment opportunity for the rural area people.

Company want manpower . workers know the condition of product quality whether

coir highly heated or medium level of quality.

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DESPATCH&

TAILORING

INCHARGE

GENERATOR

OPERATOR

BOILER

OPERATOR

DEPARTMENTS IN THE ORGANISATION

PURCHASE DEPARTMENT

“ Purchase means to obtain ownership of a security a or other asset in exchange

for money or value.

A vital aspect of this role is ensuring stock arrives on time and to the right

quality.

The purchase function has been considered as one of the most important function in

the industry. It is duty of the purchase manager to place the orders, receive the goods and

reissue to the next department. The middleman is a person who bridges the gap between the

company suppliers of the raw materials. The function of the purchase department is to

obtain right quality and quantity of raw materials at the right time. It should describe the

requirement of the raw materials with specification and placing purchase orders. The

purchase is done both on cash as well as on credit basis. Purchase department plays an

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important role in the business, this department deals with purchasing of raw materials and

providing orders for their raw materials suppliers based on the orders they buy the raw

materials from the suppliers.

The purchase order is then issued to the suppliers. After the materials have been

supplied by the suppliers, these materials along with bills are sent to the stores, where they

maintain records for various parameters associated such as the quantity obtained, price

respondents, order level etc. Whenever the raw materials are required by the production

department they issue internal requisitions to the stores to supply the materials.

They check if the materials ordered have been received correctly. The price, quantity

and quality are also checked to ensure that all of these are up to the standard of required. If

any dissatisfaction is noted in the quantity of the raw materials they are returned to the

suppliers. They direct the accounts department to make the payment accordingly.

PRODUCTION DEPARTMENT

Production is the process or procedure developed to transform a set of input elements

like men, materials, capital, and information products and services improper quality, thus

achieving the objective of an enterprise.

Production is nothing but it is an act of transformation. Inputs are processed and

transform into some output. It is nothing but creation of activity to the output.

The main objectives of production process are

1. Manufacturing the desired quantity and quality of goods and service.

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2. Optimum use of resources at optimum cost.

Rubberized coir industry is technically intensive, Automatic machinery is used in the

different process of manufacture. Maintenance operations are carried out on every 15 days.

During power cut generator with 125 KVA is operated to carry on production without

interruption.

SEWING SECTION/ SCREENING SECTION

Belt Conveyer : Raw materials are carried through belt Conveyer

Main object : remove the unwanted fiber in Coco pith

Use : After sewing only 20% wetness is removed, sewing section is

running by 30 watts power.

PRODUCTION SYSTEM

Production system in COIR is the process of converting raw materials into coir products

like mattresses, pillows and cushions. For the production of mattresses, pillows, cushions

first they make the curled coir or coir-fiber into the sheets.

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PROCESS FLOW CHART

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sheet cutting and sheet setting for desired dimension

Moisture is removed from the coir rope

Passing through

heating chamber at 120 c

Uniform spraying of latex rubber

Uniform spraying of compounded latex rubber

UN- Twisting coils at the sheet plant

Uniform spraying of compounded latex rubber

Sheet making

Compounding of latex rubber by mixing plant. One mix is the control unit

According to size, the pressed sheets are cut to from mattresses, pillows and cushions.

The final process in the production is finishing. In the finishing work they are stitching over

the mattresses and pillows and cushions. In the sales order department, they are selling the

products through sales depot.

PRODUCTION PROCESS

CURIED COIR

SHEETS

PRESSING

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Dispatch

Hydraulic pressing at 120 c for 10 minutes

Cloth coir stitching

Final cutting of bale blocks to the desired length and width

Furnishing cushioning

Vulcanizing at 120 c

Labeling & packing

CUTTING

FURNISHING

FINISHING

SALES

QUALITY CONTROL

The duty of the quality controller is to check the purchased raw materials are good

quality. If the purchases of raw materials are not good quality it will rejected.

The quality controller is involved in production and purchase department. The quality

controller checks quality and quality or raw materials.

Pith was kept in low pounds of 250/kg. it was kept in cool condition in 23 A/C room of

the 6 week, used sodium & potassium is added to the pith.

Exporting coir piths packed and stored in a separate rack and exported after 6 months.

Quality control department is mainly used to maintain quality and control the damages and

wastages. Quality controller steps taken to make sure that a company’s products are of

sufficiently high quality.

The level next to the production manager consists of:

(i) Plant Supervisor

(ii) Boiler Operator

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(iii) Generation Operator

(iv) Furnishing In Charge

(v) Dispatch IN Charge

(i)Plant Supervisor:

He supervises the various processes done in the sheet plant.

(ii) Boiler Operator:

He ensures that the working condition is the good. He does the switching on and off

of the boiler machine.

(iii) Generator Operator:

He ensures that the working condition is the good. He does the switching on and off

of the generator.

(iv) Furnishing in Charge:

He does on over a supervisor of the various processes done in the furnishing

Section.

(v)Dispatch in Charge:

His duties include the supervision of his sub-ordinates who are involved in dispatching

the finished goods to appropriate destination. The supervisors assign appropriate duties to

each of these workers and they take steps to complete in the scheduled time

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DE- Fibering process

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COMBING THE FIBRE OUT AND THE REMANING PART THAT IS COCOPEAT IS

GETTING SEPARATE AND BEING COLLECTED IN A TRILER THROUGH THE HELP OF A

CONVEYER

PUTTING CRUSHED HUSK IN A BEATER CUM MESH

CRUSING COCONET HUSK IN MOTORIZED CRUSHER

THE MANUFACTURING PROCESS

HARVESTING AND HUSKING

Coconuts that have ripened and fallen from the tree may simply be picked up off

The outer layers covering the coconut seed are processed and spun into fibers

commonly known as coir.

Coconuts still clinging to the 40-100 ft (12-30 m) tall trees are harvested by human

climbers. If the climber picks the fruit by hand, he can harvest fruits from about 25

trees in a day. If the climber uses a bamboo pole with a knife attached to the end to

reach through the treetop vegetation and cut selected coconuts loose, he can harvest

250 trees per day. (A third harvesting technique, in which trained monkeys climb

trees to pick ripe coconuts, is used only in countries that produce little commercial

coir.)

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Ripe coconuts are husked immediately, but unripe coconuts may be seasoned for a

month by spreading them in a single layer on the ground and keeping them dry. To

remove the fruit from the seed, the coconut is impaled on a steel-tipped spike to split

the husk. The pulp layer is easily peeled off. A skilled husker can manually split and

peel about 2,000 coconuts per day. Modern husking machines can process 2,000

coconuts per hour.

RETTING :

Retting is a curing process during which the husks are kept in an environment that

encourages the action of naturally occurring microbes. This action partially decomposes the

husk's pulp, allowing it to be separated into coir fibers and a residue called coir pith.

Freshwater retting is used for fully ripe coconut husks, and saltwater retting is used for green

husks.

For freshwater retting, ripe husks are buried in pits dug along riverbanks, immersed in

water-filled concrete tanks, or suspended by nets in a river and weighted to keep them

submerged. The husks typically soak at least six months.

For saltwater retting, green husks are soaked in seawater or artificially salinated fresh

water. Often this is accomplished by placing them in pits along riverbanks near the

ocean, where tidal action alternately covers them with sea water and rinses them with

river water. Saltwater retting usually takes eight to 10 months, although adding the

proper bacteria to the water can shorten the retting period to a few days.

Mechanical techniques have recently been developed to hasten or eliminate retting.

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Ripe husks can be processed in crushing machines after being retted for only seven to

10 days. Immature husks can be dry milled without any retting. After passing through

the crushing machine, these green husks need only be dampened with water or soaked

one to two days before proceeding to the defibering step. Dry milling produces only

mattress fiber.

DEFIBERING :

Traditionally, workers beat the retted pulp with wooden mallets to separate the fibers

from the pith and the outer skin. In recent years, motorized machines have been

developed with flat beater arms operating inside steel drums. Separation of the bristle

fibers is accomplished by hand or in a machine consisting of a rotating drum fitted

with steel spikes.

Separation of the mattress fibers from the pith is completed by washing the residue

from the defibering process and combing through it by hand or tumbling it in a

perforated drum or sieve. (Saltwater retting produces only mattress fibers.)

The clean fibers are spread loosely on the ground to dry in the sun.

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FINISHING:

Bristle fibers that will not immediately be further processed are rolled and tied into

loose bundles for storage or shipment. More mechanized producers may use a

hydraulic press to create compact bales.

Similarly, mattress fibers may simply be baled with a hydraulic press. However, if

more processing is desired, the fibers are combed with mechanical or manual

carding tools, then loosely twisted into a thick yarn (wick), and wound into

bundles. Later, the wick can be re-spun into a finer yarn. Techniques vary from

simple hand spinning to use of a hand-operated spinning wheel or a fully

automated spinning machine.

Depending on its intended final use, the yarn may be shipped to customers, or

multiple strands may be twisted into twine and bundled for shipment. Both

traditional manual techniques and newer mechanical methods are used to braid

twine into rope and to weave yarn into mats or nets.

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For some uses, such as upholstery padding, bristle fiber is loosely spun into yarn

and allowed to rest. Then the fibers, which have become curly, are separated.

These fibers are lightly felted into mats that are sprayed with latex rubber, dried,

and vulcanized (heat treated with sulphur).

PERSONNEL DEPARTMENT:

“ personnel department is that part of a management process which isprimarily

concerned with the human constituents of an organization. Personnel manager is a person

who taken care of the human resources of the organization. This department is headed by the

personnel manager. He employs assistant depending on the density of the work.

They have various responsibilities such as

This department is headed by the personnel manager. He employs assistant depending

on the density of the work.

They are also involved in the preparation of the wages for the workers inspector of

factories records. The inspector of has mentioned some standards which are to be

followed by the factories. The personnel department also maintain regarding these

standards.

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The personnel department is also involved in maintaining the insurance policy details

of the employees.

It has been suggested that people involved in the organization to be selected to

Implement the system successfully and it is said that the required staff should be

selected and trained before implementation of plan.

FINANCE DEPARTMENT

The finance department of a business takes responsibility of organizing the financial and

accounting appropriate and the provision of financial information departments includes.

Finance means:

The science of the management of money of other assets.

The management of money banking investment and credits.

The supplying of funds or capital.

Finance is the life blood of the business finance department is under responsibilities of

finance manager. Initially

The finance department is headed by the finance manager. The finance manager may

employee assistance depending on the density of the work.

The main duty of this department is to administrator the day routines. They also

administrator the correspondence with other customers, the details regarding the

supply of raw materials with the suppliers and about the finished goods etc. the

finance department has controlled over the accounts department and stores.

This department maintains records such as the cash book, register, purchase register,

journal register and also the ledger like the general ledger creditors and debtor’s

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ledger.

The stores department is needed by the stores in charge. The various duties of this

department include the receiving of raw materials, issuing the raw materials to the

production department.

This department also checks if the quantity and quality of the raw materials received

is up to the standard. After making a check the report is submitted to purchase

department. They also prepare a report showing about the money financed by the raw

materials after needed things etc, at the end of the year.

HUMAN RESOURCE DEPARTMENT:-

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Personnel (or) HR functions of Harish coconut products private Limited.

The major functions of personnel departments in this concern are.

Recruitment

Training

Attendance maintenance

Wages and salaries Administration

RECRUITMENT:-

The above functions the recruitment function is under the control of managing

director. He is the person who has the right to appoint right person in the right job.

TRAINING:-

Proper training is given to the employees at their initial stage.

ATTENDANCE MAINTENANCE:-

Attendance is maintained for all employee doily.

WAGES AND SALARIES ADMINISTRATION:-

The concern gives salaries & wages to staff and labours on 10th of every month

regularly. The total amount of salary and wages does not exceed Rs. 6 lakhs at any time till

now.

SALES AND MARKETING DEPARTMENT

The work force deputed in the sales section is hardly 2 persons and the markets for

the same is local and are in the verge of exporting. The sales will be affected to any person or

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institution or company as the case may be either directly or through authorized agents.

Marketing is analysis organization and controlling in the products customers with a

view to satisfy the needs and wants of the customer profit. Marketing includes both place and

regions in which buyer secures are free competitions with one another.

The goods that are manufactured in the head office are sent to the depots/branches. It

is sent to the various distributors. From the distributors these goods are sent to the dealers

and from them they reach the customer. Direct sales takes place in head office and in all of

its branches too.

The sales and the marketing department is responsible for taking measures to improve

the sales. The advertisements about the product are given in all the media.

At the end of the each year the account of all the branches are combined to arrive at

the next profit. The accounts department does this. The sales and marketing department

decide the ways in which the quantity of the sales can be increased to increase the profit.

Coir –on concern has its own transport vehicle for the purpose of transportation of

goods and also the finished products. The raw materials such as load are available nearer the

concern. Within movement they are able to transfer the load to the company. So the concern

has its own vehicle. By this, the company can solve the transportation charge and also they

save the time while arranging other private vehicles.

And also they can withhold the cost of product by this expense. The vehicles are used

to transport the finished goods, to their own branches they are not having the situation of

depending upon other private vehicle.

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INPUTS HEAD OFFICE

CUSTOMERS

SALES NETWORK

The sales and marketing department of COIR-ON involves in selling the COIR-ON

foam products through the sales depot/branch.

The branches of this concern are all over the main cities in India. The cities where the

branches on this concern located are Bangalore, Vijayawada, Chennai and Madurai. The

mattresses and pillows made by this company are sold to the branches and to private

agencies.

The department also takes promotional activities like giving advertisements in major

media like news papers, television and local level advertisement-wall paper, paintings etc.

4.

MY LEARNING AND EXPERIENCE DURING INDUSTRIAL TRAINING

Learning makes a man to learn many things. From the 30 days of my industrial training I

learnt the following :

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CUSTOMERS

DEALERS DIRECT SALES

OBSERVATION / WORK DONE LEARNING’S

PURCHASE DEPARTMENT

In this department I have come to know

that it is the duty of the purchase manager

to place the orders, receive the goods and

reissue to the next department. The

function of the purchase department is to

obtain right quality and quantity of raw

materials at the right time.

PRODUCTION DEPARTMENT

It was interesting day where I have to know

about production process. I had a practical

training about the manufacturing process.

FINANCE DEPARTMENT In this department the finance manager will

administrator the day to day routines.

HUMAN RESOURCE DEPARTMENT The above functions the recruitment

function is under the control of managing

director. He is the person who has the right

to appoint right person in the right job.

5. SUGGESTIONS AND CONCLUSION

5.1 SWOT ANALYSIS

STRENGTH :

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The company has taken effective process to maintain the qualities of product.

The management keeps a good co-operation with the employees. It gives lot of

welfare measure to the company.

100 % capacity utilization.

The team work is also carried by all the department in this organization.

The main strength of the company is that it has supplied high quality coir-on

mattresses to its buyer at correct time.

WEAKNESS :

Lack of training to the employees for operations of machinery.

The weakness of the company can be noticed as the migrating employees.

OPPORTUNITY :

The opportunity of the company is that must import machinery so that it can

improve its production.

They can provide value added services to the society.

They can give extra offers to the buyer.

The company can give health insurances to its employees.

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THREATS :

The threat of the company is the price of machinery.

The price of required raw materials is increasing day to day.

Doing the changing policy the company cannot maintain its standard.

5.2 CONCLUSION

The inplant training in various departments has helped us a lot to gain practical

knowledge on where use spheres of company administration, we are able to realize the

importance of training about various problems that normally arise in various departments and

the strategies that could we adopted to prevent and solve those problems.

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