coir fiber reinforced prefabricated panels

PRE FABRICATED CONCRETE PRE FABRICATED CONCRETE STRUCTURE USING COIR MESHSTRUCTURE USING COIR MESH

BYG.Kathiravan

Scope of the StudyScope of the Study

� Hence, by keeping these three considerations in mind,

{ 1. Low cost Housing,

2. Modular Housing &

3. Effective Utilisation of Agro Waste Materials }

here an attempt is planed to develop

Bio-Composite Sandwich Concrete Panels

Housing in Developing CountriesHousing in Developing Countries

� Severe shortage of houses are the major problems in developing countries like India specially for poor people

� One of the ways to give a solution for this problem is “Low Cost Housing”

� But “Low Cost Housing” needs Low Cost Energy Efficient & Environment-Friendly Housing

Technologies

Low Cost Building Materials –Low Cost Building Materials –CharacteristicsCharacteristics

� Easy to manufacture

� Easy affordability

� Easy Erection/commissioning

� Faster & cheaper construction

� Effective Waste utilization

� Energy efficient and Environment friendly

Modular HousingModular Housing

� One of the best way for “Low Cost Housing” is Modular Housing System

� Modular housing is nothing but houses built in modules at a factory. Modules are transported to the home site.

� So it is also known as Prefabricated Structures

Effective Waste UtilizationEffective Waste Utilization

� Severe problem of management of agro industrial waste in developing countries

� There is a mounting pressure on non renewable energy resources

� It is happened because of Non-availability of energy efficient technologies for converting agro industrial waste and renewable local resources into alternative materials

CONCEPT OF THE STUDY

Concept of the StudyConcept of the Study

Roof Panels

� Concrete is strong in compression and weak in tension. When the roof panels are subjected to vertical loading, the upper layer is subjected to compression and bottom layer is subjected to tension. Hence strong concrete layer will be provided at the top and Bio-composite layer is provided at the bottom.

Concept of the StudyConcept of the Study

� Roof Panels (with single Composite Layer)

FineConcrete

Layer

30 mm20 mm10 mm

Bio Composite Layer

Concept of Study (Contd..)Concept of Study (Contd..)

Wall Panels

� The wall panels are mostly subjected to vertical compression. But some unanticipated horizontal loadings (like wind, earthquake.. ) are also possible to act on the walls. So, in wall panels two different configurations will be tried. The first one is Bio composite is sandwiched in between the two concrete layers and the second one is concrete layer is sandwiched in between Bio composite layers.

Concept of the Study (Contd..)Concept of the Study (Contd..)

� Wall Panels

Concrete Layer Composite Layer

METHODOLOGY

MethodologyMethodologyPhase 1 : Surface Treatments on Natural Fibres

� Alkali treatment - (NaOH treatment)

– Fibers will be soaked in 1% concentration of NaOH solution for 3 h at room temperature. Then the fibers were washed several times to remove any NaOH solution sticky to the fiber surface and the fibers were oven dried at 70 C for 72 h.

� Acrylic acid – (AA treatment)

– Fibers will be immersed in NaOH solution for 30 min, and then soaked in 1% of acrylic acid (AA) solution at room temperature for 1 h, then washing with distilled water and dried in an oven for 72 h at the temperature of 70 C

� Silane Treatment

– .Fibres will be immersed in Silane Solution (or silica fume slurry) for 1 hr at 70 C then washing with distilled water and dried in an oven for 24 hours at the temperature of 70 C

Methodology (Contd..)Methodology (Contd..)

� Phase 2 : Properties of Natural Fibres

(before and after treatment) Physical Properties

– Dimensions, Density, Water Absorption, Tensile Strength, % Strain at failure, modulus of elasticity

Chemical Properties– Lignin content, Cellulose and hemi-cellulose content

Micro-structural Properties– Microstructure, Pore structure, EDX

Durability Properties– Under constant and varying environmental load (temperature,

moisture and chemical attack)

Methodology (Contd..)Methodology (Contd..)

� Phase 3 : Testing of Bio-Composite Panels

The casted Bio-composites panels will be taken after 28 days curing and the following tests will be carried out

a) Structural Properties:

– For Roof Panels - Flexure Test - Impact Test - Shear Test– For Wall Panels - Axial Compression Test - Eccentric Compression Test - Combined Vertical and Horizontal loading

b) Durability Properties:

– For Both the Panels - Constant and varying environmental loading - Chemical attack

PHYSICAL PROPERTIES FOR COIR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES FOR COIR FIBREFIBRE

Property Value

Diameter 0.48 mm

Specific Gravity 0.87

Water Absorption 104%

Density 2057 kg/m3

Elastic Modulus 2.8x103 MPa

Tensile Strength 210 MPa

Elongation at Failure 27.4%

POLYMER ACRYLIC COMPOUND

PREPARATION OF COIR MESH

PLACING OF CONCRETE APPLYING OF BONDING AGENT

PLACING OF COIR MESH PLACING OF CONCRETE

FINISHED SURFACEOF SANDWICH SLAB

SLAB TESTING IN UTM MACHINE

WALL TESTING IN UTM MACHINE

SLAB COMPARISON

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

0 2 4 6

DEFLECTION (mm)

LO

AD

(K

N)

conventional slab

sandwich slab singlelayer

sandwich slab twolayer

WALL COMPARISON

020406080

100120140160

0 5 10 15

DEFLECTION (mm)

LO

AD

(K

N)

CONVENTIONAL

SINGLE LAYERSANDWICH WALL

TWO LAYERSANDWICH WALL

ReferencesReferences

� Moshibdi Caroline Koathane, Faculty of Engineering, Tshwane University of Technology, “The processing properties of natural fibre reinforced higher -Olefin based thermoplastics”α

� Dipi-Chem-Ulrich Riadel June 28-29, “Natural fibre-reinforced biopolmers as construction material- New discoveries”, 2nd International wood and natural fibre composite symposium.

� Balaguru, P. (1985). Alternative reinforcing materials for less developed countries. International Journal for Development Technology. V. 3, 87-107

� Castro, J. & Naaman, N. E. (1981). Cement mortar reinforced with natural fibers. ACI Materials Journal. V. 78, January-February, 69-78.