COGNITIVE NETWORK SELECTION MECHANISM FOR MULTIPLE WIRELESS BROADBAND TECHNOLOGIES BY SUMAYYAH BINTI DZULKIFLY A dissertation submitted in fulfilment of the requirement for the degree of Master of Science in Communication Engineering Kulliyyah of Engineering International Islamic University Malaysia SEPTEMBER 2013
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COGNITIVE NETWORK SELECTION MECHANISM
FOR MULTIPLE WIRELESS BROADBAND
TECHNOLOGIES
BY
SUMAYYAH BINTI DZULKIFLY
A dissertation submitted in fulfilment of the requirement for
the degree of Master of Science in Communication
Engineering
Kulliyyah of Engineering
International Islamic University Malaysia
SEPTEMBER 2013
ii
ABSTRACT
The advancement in communication technology has allowed many wireless
broadband services to be introduced into the market. Among them are enhanced data
rates for GSM evolution (EDGE), high speed packet access (HSPA), global packet
radio system (GPRS), universal mobile telecommunications system (UMTS), wireless
fidelity (WiFi), worldwide interoperability for microwave access (WiMAX) and the
newest is long term evolution (LTE) services. A good connectivity is expected to be
realized for users within the multitude of wireless broadband networks. However,
there is disagreement among service providers to merge various broadband
connections into a system. Therefore, there should be an embedded mechanism
capable of intelligently select the best networks without adding the complexity at
user‟s terminal. This concept can be a trade-off to achieve best connectivity. The main
motivation of this research is to develop the solution that has the capability to
optimize the decision making of the best network. This research establishes four
selection algorithms to be embedded in the access point mechanism while considering
the mobile broadband technologies such as HSPA, WiMAX and WiFi. These four
algorithms were formulated according to the principle of heuristic selection algorithm.
Speed variation can be observed through the average connection speed gathered for
one month using non-mobile terminal. This proves the initial assumption of this
research that data connection varies even when the user/terminal is stationary. Thus,
connection speed was established as the indicator for good connectivity. The research
findings had shown that the first and third algorithm have shown the capability to
achieve good connectivity. The fourth algorithm has shown better connection delay as
compared to the other algorithms. In a nutshell, this research had proven that cognitive
network selection mechanism deploying the concept of cognitive radio (CR) and
artificial intelligence (AI) embedded in actual user platform can be realized.
iii
خلاصة البحثABSTRACT IN ARABIC
النطاق ذات اللاسلكية الخدمات من عديد قد عرف الاتصالات تكنولوجيا إن التقدم حزم وصول سرعة وارتفاع ، GSM (EDGE)لتطور الدعززة ومنها البيانات. السوق في العريض
(UMTS)، الإخلاص لاسلكي (WiFi) من العالم أنحاء جميع في الدتداخل التشغيل إمكانية (LTE) ىو الطويل الددى على تطور وأحدث ( WiMAX) الدقيقة بالدوجات الوصول أجل
من عدديداً للمستخدمين تتحقق تستطيع أن الجيد الاتصال أن الدفروض ومن. خدمات قادرة آلية ىناك يكون أن يجب الشرط ىذا من بدلا. اللاسلكية يضالعر النطاق شبكات
الدافع. الطرفية المحطة تعقيد إضافة دون الشبكات أفضل بذكاء يتجزأ لا جزءا تحديد على من الدثلى الاستفادة الضعيفة لتحقيق القدرة لديو الذي الحل تطوير ىو البحث لذذا الرئيسي
لا جزءا تكون خوارزميات أربعة باختيار البحث قام ىذا. الشبكات أفضل إلى القرار صنع مثل العريض النطاق ذات الدتنقلة التقنيات ومع ذلك مراعاة على نقطة آلية وصول في يتجزأ
HSPA و WiMAXو .WiFiالأساسي الدبدأ إلى مستداً الأربعة الخوارزميات أشكلت ىذه ملاحظة إن. الدستخدم متطلبات على داالأمور اعتما اختيار لرريات عن الكشف للخوارزميةمهما كانت منصة تجمع أن من الدقدمة الاتصال سرعة خلال من السرعة تنُظر اختلاف
البيانات اتصال أن البحث لذذا الأولية افتراض انطلاقاً من ذلك، قد ثبت. ثابتة تجريبية سرعة أنشئ الذي الدكان ىو ىذا. الأساسية المحطة تحتل الدستخدمين عدد على اعتمادا
آلية تحقيق يمكن أنو أثبتت البحث ىذا من الأخيرة والدرحلة. جيدة اتصال ومؤشر الاتصال تنفيذ واستخدام. الفعلي الدستخدم التشغيل نظام من يتجزأ لا جزءا الدعرفية الشبكة اختيار قد جهزت اتصال جيدة النظام في خوارزمية واختيار الذكاء (AI) الاصطناعي العنصر
مثل جيدة اتصال وصول لتنفيذ الجهاز في الدقترحة اختيار وقد أستخدم مفهوم. للمستخدم الجيش وضباط الأطباء قبل من نشرىا يتم أن وىذا البحث يمكن. الذكية وصول نقطة
اتصال لشبكة الدستمر الوصول إلى يحتاجون الذين البيانات قواعد مديرو ولا سيما والشرطة، جيدة.
iv
APPROVAL PAGE
I certify that I have supervised and read this study and that in my opinion it conforms
to acceptable standards of scholarly presentation and is fully adequate, in scope and
quality, as a thesis for the degree of Master of Science Communications Engineering.
………………………………….
Ahmad Fadzil bin Ismail
Supervisor
…..………………………………
Wahidah Hashim
Co-Supervisor
I certify that I have read this study and that in my opinion it conforms to acceptable
standards of scholarly presentation and is fully adequate, in scope and quality, as a
thesis for the degree of Master of Science Communications Engineering
…..…………………………….
Khaizuran bin Abdullah
Internal Examiner
…..…………………………….
Sharifah Kamilah Syed Yusof
External Examiner
This dissertation was submitted to the Department of Electrical and Computer
Engineering and is accepted as a fulfilment of the requirement for the degree of
Master of Science Communications Engineering.
…..………………………………
Othman O. Khalifa
Head, Department of ECE
This dissertation was submitted to the Kulliyyah of Engineering and is accepted as a
fulfilment of the requirement for the degree of Master of Science Communications
Engineering.
…..………………………………
Md Noor Hj Salleh
Dean, Kulliyyah of Engineering
v
DECLARATION
I hereby declare that this dissertation is the result of my own investigations, except
where otherwise stated. I also declare that it has not been previously or concurrently
submitted as a whole for any other degrees at IIUM or other institutions.
COGNITIVE NETWORK SELECTION MECHANISM FOR MULTIPLE
WIRELESS BROADBAND TECHNOLOGIES
No part of this unpublished research may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval
system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical,
photocopying, recording or otherwise without prior written permission of the
copyright holder except as provided below.
1. Any material contained in or derived from this unpublished research may
only be used by others in their writing with due acknowledgement.
2. IIUM or its library will have the right to make and transmit copies (print or
electronic) for institutional and academic purposes.
3. The IIUM library will have the right to make, store in a retrieval system and
supply copies of this unpublished research if requested by other universities
and research libraries.
Affirmed by Sumayyah Binti Dzulkifly
Signature Date
vii
DEDICATION
To my beloved mother and late father, for their eternal love and encouragement.
May Allah S.W.T. always shower them with His Love and Mercy.
viii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
My first and foremost gratitude is to the almighty Allah SWT for granting me His
uncountable blessings throughout my life and making this research work possible. I
would like to express my deepest gratitude to my supervisor, Assoc. Prof. Ir. Dr.
Ahmad Fadzil Ismail, for his numerous advices, academic guidance and support
throughout my research period. Also, I would like to direct special thanks to Dr
Wahidah Hashim from MIMOS Berhad for her unwavering faith of my ability to
finish this research. This dissertation could not be completed without their attentive
supervision, insightful instructions, constructive comments and time given to finish
my research.
I would like to express my gratitude to Dr Mazlan Abbas, Dr Hafizal, Ir. Dr Nordin,
Dr Kwong Kae Hsiang and his research assistants from MIMOS Berhad for their
useful advices and assistance throughout the research.
I am grateful to my mother, Nor A‟ini Binti Rajab for her endless patience, love and
her belief of my potential ability to pursue my Master degree. Not to forget other
family members including my three cherished sisters. Finally, I would like to extend
my thanks to those who had directly and indirectly assisted me in completing my
research.
ix
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Abstract .......................................................................................................................... ii
Abstract in Arabic ......................................................................................................... iii Approval Page ............................................................................................................... iv Declaration ..................................................................................................................... v Copyright Page .............................................................................................................. vi Dedication .................................................................................................................... vii
Acknowledgements ..................................................................................................... viii
List of Tables ............................................................................................................... xii
List of Figures ............................................................................................................. xiii List of Symbols ........................................................................................................... xvi List of Abbreviations ................................................................................................. xvii
1.6 Research Significance ................................................................................. 8 1.6.1 Present Wireless Broadband Scenarios in Malaysia ...................... 10
LISTS OF INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY PATENT ......................................... 102 LISTS OF PUBLICATIONS .................................................................................. 103 LISTS OF AWARDED CONFERENCE PAPER ................................................ 104