Cognitive â€“ ICT

Octrooicentrum Nederland is het Bureau voor de Industriële Eigendom, een agentschap van het ministerie van Economische Zaken.

Cognitive – ICT

Patent applications in 26 fields of technology

Colofon Author

Jos Winnink (Patent informatics unit)

DATE September 15, 2005

Ref. Nr: JWI/2005/18

STATUS Final version

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Contents Introduction ........................................................................................................................................................ 5 Method ............................................................................................................................................................... 6 Conventions ....................................................................................................................................................... 7 Technology fields ............................................................................................................................................ 9 1 Artificial Intelligence ................................................................................................................................ 10 2 Artificial Neural Network.......................................................................................................................... 11 3 Biomolecular computers and artificial life................................................................................................ 12 4 Cochlear Implant..................................................................................................................................... 13 5 Computer Vision ..................................................................................................................................... 14 6 Expert System......................................................................................................................................... 15 7 Face Recognition.................................................................................................................................... 16 8 Facial Expression.................................................................................................................................... 17 9 Feature Extraction................................................................................................................................... 18 10 Functional MRI........................................................................................................................................ 19 11 Genetic Algorithm ................................................................................................................................... 20 12 Graphical User Interface......................................................................................................................... 21 13 Human Computer Interaction.................................................................................................................. 22 14 Image Processing ................................................................................................................................... 23 15 Knowledge Representation..................................................................................................................... 25 16 Linear Discriminant Analysis................................................................................................................... 26 17 Machine Learning ................................................................................................................................... 27 18 Machine Learning Technique.................................................................................................................. 28 19 Natural Language Processing................................................................................................................. 29 20 Neural Network Model ............................................................................................................................ 30 21 Pattern Recognition ................................................................................................................................ 31 22 Principal Component Analysis ................................................................................................................ 33 23 Robotics.................................................................................................................................................. 34 24 Speech Recognition................................................................................................................................ 36 25 Support Vector Machine ......................................................................................................................... 38 26 Virtual Reality.......................................................................................................................................... 39

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Introduction This document accompanies time series that describe the evolution of patent applications in 26 technology subfields of cognitive Information and Communication Technology (ICT). TNO asked Octrooicentrum Nederland in particular the Patinformatics Unit to extract data from patent databases and to construct the time series. The data is to be used to illustrate developments in the area of cognitive ICT Data was collected for the United States, Japan and the 25 member countries of the EU. Only documents with their oldest priority dates after 1989 were selected. From the selected documents two collections were constructed. These two collections are: 1. EP-documents

This collection consists of patent applications that were filed at the European Patent Office. The collection of EP-documents was cleaned up for documents that first were filed at the World Intellectual Property Organisation (WIPO) and at a later stage entered the EP-system.;

2. WO-documents. The WO-documents are first filed at the WIPO in Geneva;

Both collections are kept separate because of the fact that procedures for both routes differ. These differences prevent simple combination of the two collections in a way that is methodological sound. This document is accompanied by a collection of 26 spreadsheet files. There is one spreadsheet file for each technology field. All spreadsheet file contain two worksheets. The individual worksheets consist of the time series for the data from one of the two collections for every field of technology. Per worksheet there are 28 time-series. One time series for every country and one for the total counts in the technology field.. This documents ends with descriptions regarding the construction of the data for the individual technology fields.

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Method Two databases containing patent publications were used. One is the World Patent Index (WPI) of Derwent the other is the EPODOC database of the EPO. Databases were selected in such a way that selection of documents was as precise as possible and preventing noise (unwanted documents) as much as possible. Each database system has a preferred classification system. The Derwent classification was used for WPI and the European Classification (ECLA) for EPODOC. ECLA can be considers as a more detailed version of the International Patent Classification (IPC). In most cases WPI and the Derwent classification was used. In a number of cases EPODOC with the IPC or the ECLA-system was used.. In some cases key-words had to be used in conjunction with very broad classifications like Digital Computers. In all cases the results of the selection commands were transferred tot the EPODOC-database. The reason for this is that some bibliographical information needed to create the time-series is lacking form WPI. The needed information consists of the country of residence of the applicants. In WPI related patent documents (a.k.a. families) are stored in one record whereas in EPODOC every document is stored separate. Due to this fact going from WPI to EPODOC increases the number of hits but this does not indicate the finding of new information. As mentioned in the introduction both document collections are kept separate tot prevent systematic errors. So called EURO-PCT-documents1 were removed from the EP-collection to prevent counting the same application in both collections. In the descriptions per technology field lines were typeset in boldface if the classification symbol mentioned was used in the selection. Also key words used for selecting are documented. Furthermore the selection statement and the results of the selection are documented. Assigning of a patent application to a specific country is done on the basis of the country of residence of the applicant. No corrections are made for those situations in which there is more than one applicant where these applicants are not residing in the same country. These applications are multiply counted, but their number is low and does not seriously influence the overall picture. Due to regulations patent data is published 18 or even 30 months (PCT) after application this results in the fact that the data for recent years (> 2002) is incomplete.

1 Patent applications filed at the WIPO that later enter the European regional faze are called EURO-PCT applications and also show up as separate EP-applications and are therefore counted twice of no precautions are taken.

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Conventions

Symbolic codes The symbolic codes for the various technology fields are defined in the following table.

Technology field Symbolic code 1. artificial intelligence, AI AI 2. artificial neural network, ANN 3. bio molecular computers and artificial life BAL 4. cochlear implant, CI 5. computer vision, CV 6. expert system, ES 7. face recognition, FR 8. facial expression, FE 9. feature extraction, FEX 10. functional MRI, fMRI FMRI 11. genetic algorithm, GA 12. graphical user interface, GUI 13. human-computer interaction, HCI HCI 14. image processing, IP 15. knowledge representation, KR 16. linear discriminant analysis, LDA 17. machine learning, ML 18. machine learning technique, MLT 19. natural language processing, NLP 20. neural network model, NNM 21. pattern recognition, PR 22. principal component analysis, pca PCA 23. robotics, RO 24. speech recognition, SR 25. support vector machine, SVM SVM 26. virtual reality, VR

File names File names are constructed according the following scheme: <Symbolic code>.xls e.g. AI.xls

Worksheet names The names of the worksheets can be EP or WO. The name reflects de collection from which the time-series were constructed.

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Country codes The country codes used are the official codes and are shown in the next table. The code tot is used for the time-series containing the data for all patent data in a technology field.

Country Code Country AT Austria BE Belgium CY Cyprus CZ Czec Republic DE Germany DK Denmark EE Estonia ES Spain FI Finland FR France GB United Kingdom (Great Britain) GR Greece HU Hungary IE Ireland IT Italy JP Japan LT Lithuania LU Luxembourg LV Latvia MT Malta NL Netherlands PL Poland PT Portugal SE Sweden SI Slovenia SK Slovakia (Slovak Republic) US United States TOT Total for the technology field

Naming convention for the time-series The naming convention for the time-series is as follows:

<symbolic code>_<collection>_<country codes> e.g. AI_EP_US

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Technology fields Following are descriptions for the individual technology subfields: � Artificial Intelligence � Artificial Neural Network � Bio molecular computers and artificial life � Cochlear Implant � Computer Vision � Expert System � Face Recognition � Facial Expression � Feature Extraction � Functional MRI � Genetic Algorithm � Graphical User Interface � Human Computer Interaction � Image Processing � Knowledge Representation � Linear Discriminant Analysis � Machine Learning � Machine Learning Technique � Natural Language Processing � Neural Network Model � Pattern Recognition � Principal Component Analysis � Robotics � Speech Recognition � Support Vector Machine � Virtual Reality

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1 Artificial Intelligence

1.1 Symbolic code AI

1.2 Selection codes T01 Digital Computers T01-J Data processing systems T01-J16 . Artificial intelligence (AI) T01-J16A . . Expert systems T01-J16B . . Fuzzy logic systems T01-J16C . . Knowledge processing T01-J16C1 . . . Neural networks T01-J16C2 . . . Learning T01-J16C3 . . . Natural and pictorial language processing T01-J16C4 . . . Genetic algorithms T01-J16C6 . . . Intelligent searching T01-J16C9 . . . Other AI

1.3 Corresponding IPC/ECLA codes

Derwent code IPC/ECLA code T01-J16 G06F15/18

1.4 Source database WPI

1.5 Selection statement (T01-J16 or T01-J16B or T01-J16C9)/mc

1.6 Result of selection statement 3704 hits in WPI Number of hits per individual code

1087 T01-J16 2600 T01-J16B 27 T01-J16C9

1.7 Transfer to the EPODOC database Total: 3690 documents. Time period 1990 – 2005: 3606 documents

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2 Artificial Neural Network

2.1 Symbolic code ANN

2.2 Selection codes T01 Digital Computers T01-E Data processing T01-E05 . Novel data processing technology T01-E05B . . Neuronal configurations T01-J Data processing systems T01-J16 . Artificial intelligence (AI) T01-J16C . . Knowledge processing T01-J16C1 . . . Neural networks T02 Analogue and Hybrid Computers T02-A Analogue computers T02-A04 . Electric or magnetic computers T02-A04A . . Applications T02-A04A5 . . . Neuronal


Derwent code IPC/ECLA code T01-J16C1 G06F15/18 T02-A04A5 G06G7 T01-E05B ---


2.5 Selection statement (T01-J16C1 or T01-E05B)/mc


3885 T01-J16C1 441 T02-A04A5 not also classified using T01-E05B or T01-J16C1: 115 (These were omitted) 354 T01-E05B


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3 Bio molecular computers and artificial life

3.1 Symbolic code BAL

3.2 Selection codes G06N3/00 Computer systems based on biological models G06N3/00B . Bio molecular computers, i.e. using bio molecules, proteins, cells G06N3/00L . Artificial Life, i.e. computers simulating life G06N3/06 . . Physical realisation, i.e. hardware implementation of neural networks, neurons or parts of neurons G06N3/06B . . . using biological neurons, e.g. biological neurons connected to an integrated circuit G06N3/00 Computer systems based on biological models G06N3/12 . using genetic models G06N3/12D . . DNA computers, i.e. information processing using biological DNA


Derwent code IPC/ECLA code G06N3/00B G06N3/00L G06N3/06B G06N3/12D

3.4 Source database EPODOC

3.5 Selection statement (G06N3/00B or G06N3/00L or G06N3/06B or G06N3/12D)/ec

3.6 Result of selection statement 853 hits in EPODOC Number of hits per individual code

160 G06N3/00B 510 G06N3/00L 38 G06N3/06B 158 G06N3/12D


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4 Cochlear Implant

4.1 Symbolic code CI

4.2 Selection codes S05 Electrical Medical Equipment S05-F Prostheses S05-F01 . Hearing aids W04 Audio/Visual Recording and Systems W04-Y Hearing aids W04-Y05 . Characterised by type W04-Y05A . . External W04-Y05C . . Implanted W04-Y05C1 . . . With external appts. e.g. for control Keywords: implant


Derwent code IPC/ECLA code S05-F01 A61F2/18 W04-Y05C H04R25

4.4 Selection statement (S05-F01/mc and implant+/al) or W04-Y05C+/mc


591 S05-F01 261 W04-Y05C 57 W04-Y05C1


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5 Computer Vision

5.1 Symbolic code CV

5.2 Selection codes T01 Digital Computers T04 Computer Peripheral Equipment T06 Process and Machine Control Keywords: computer, cognitive, machine, robot, vision


Derwent code IPC/ECLA code


5.5 Selection statement ((computer or cognitive or machine+/al or robot+/al) w vision) and (t01+/al or t04+/al or t06+/al)/mc

5.6 Result of selection statement 882 hits in WPI


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6 Expert System

6.1 Symbolic code ES

6.2 Selection codes T01 Digital Computers T01-J Data processing systems T01-J16 . Artificial intelligence (AI) T01-J16A . . Expert systems


Derwent code IPC/ECLA code T01-J16A G06F15/18


6.5 Selection statement T01-J16A



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7 Face Recognition

7.1 Symbolic code FR

7.2 Selection codes T01 Digital Computers T01-J Data processing systems T01-J10 . For image processing T01-J10A . . Image acquisition T01-J10A1 . . . Data compression T01-J10A2 . . . Image memory management T01-J10B . . Image processing T01-J10B1 . . . Image enhancement T01-J10B2 . . . Image analysis T05 Counting, Checking, Vending, ATM and POS Systems T05-D Individual entry or exit registers T05-D01 . For personnel control T05-D01B . . With human characteristic detection Keywords: face, facial, recognition, detection



7.5 Selection statement (T01-J10B2/mc and ((face+ or facial+) and (recogn+ or detect+))) or (T05-D01B/mc and (face+ or facial+))



Derwent code IPC/ECLA code T07-J10B2 G06T7/00 – G06T7/60 T05-D01B G07C9

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8 Facial Expression

8.1 Symbolic code FE

8.2 Selection codes T01 Digital Computers Keywords: face, facial, expression



8.5 Selection statement T01/mc and ((faci+ or face+) and (expresi+ or expressi+)




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9 Feature Extraction

9.1 Symbolic code FEX

9.2 Selection codes G06F Electric digital data processing G06K9 Methods or arrangements for reading or recognising printed or written characters or for recognising patterns, e.g. fingerprints G06N Computer systems based on specific computational models G06T General purpose image data processing Keywords: feature, extraction


Derwent code IPC/ECLA code G06F G06K9 G06T


9.5 Selection statement (featu+/al w extract+/al) and (g06f or g06k9 or g06t)/ec

9.6 Result of selection statement 721 hits in EPODOC


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10 Functional MRI

10.1 Symbolic code FMRI

10.2 Selection codes Keywords: functional, MRI, fMRI


Derwent code IPC/ECLA code S01-E02A2 G01R33/48 – G01R33/58 S03-E07A G01N24/08 S05-D02B A61B5/05 T01-J06A1 G06F17; G06F159/00


10.5 Selection statement ((functional w MRI) or fMRI)



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11 Genetic Algorithm

11.1 Symbolic code GA

11.2 Selection codes T01 Digital Computers T01-J Data processing systems T01-J16 . Artificial intelligence (AI) T01-J16C . . Knowledge processing T01-J16C4 . . . Genetic algorithms


Derwent code IPC/ECLA code T01-J16C4 G06F15/18


11.5 Selection statement T01-J16C4



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12 Graphical User Interface

12.1 Symbolic code GUI

12.2 Selection codes T01 Digital Computers T01-J Data processing systems T01-J12 . Program management, GUI/WIMPS/HCI T01-J12A . . Prompting T01-J12B . . Window/split screen T01-J12B1 . . . User interface management system T01-J12C . . Security T01-J12D . . Icons, Widgets Keywords: graphical, user, interface, GUI


Derwent code IPC/ECLA code T01-J12+ ---


12.5 Selection statement T01-J12+/mc and ((graphical p user p interface) or (GUI))



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13 Human Computer Interaction

13.1 Symbolic code HCI

13.2 Selection codes T01 Digital Computers T01-C Input/output arrangements T01-C02 . For manual input device T01-C02A . . Keyboard interface T01-C02A1 . . . In co-operation with display T01-C02A9 . . . Other (optoelectronic keyboard) T01-C02B . . Position-digital value converters T01-C02B1 . . . In cooperation with display T01-C02B1A . . . . For mouse T01-C02B1B . . . . For joystick T01-C02B1C . . . . For light pen* T01-C02B1D . . . . Virtual keyboards and touch screens T01-C02B1E . . . . Three-dimensional space signal input/output T01-C02B1G . . . . Tracker ball T01-C02B1H . . . . Pen input T01-C02B1J . . . . Finger-shaped or hand input T01-C02B9 . . . Other (position-digital value converters) T01 Digital Computers T01-J Data processing systems T01-J12 . Program management, GUI/WIMPS/HCI T01-J12A . . Prompting T01-J12B . . Window/split screen T01-J12B1 . . . User interface management system T01-J12C . . Security T01-J12D . . Icons, Widgets Keywords: human, computer, interface, HCI

13.3 Corresponding IPC/ECLA codes Derwent code IPC/ECLA code T01-C02 G06F3/02


13.5 Selection statement ((human w (computer or machine or robot+/al) w inter+/al) or (man-machine w interface) or (man-robot)) and (t01 or t04 or t06 or w01 or w02 or w04)/mc



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14 Image Processing

14.1 Symbolic code IP

14.2 Selection codes S05 Electrical Medical Equipment S05-D Electrical diagnosis S05-D08 . General diagnostic processing S05-D08A . . General image processing T01 Digital Computers T01-J Data processing systems T01-J10 . For image processing T01-J10A . . Image acquisition T01-J10B . . Image processing T01-J10C . . Image generation T01-J10D . . Image digitisation/coding/compression T01-J10E . . Image storage T01-J10G . . Applications T01-J10X . . Other T04 Computer Peripheral Equipment T04-D Character and signal pattern recognition T04-D01 . Using characters containing code marks T04-D02 . Image acquisition T04-D03 . Image preprocessing for image recognition T04-D03A . . Noise reduction T04-D03B . . Edge recognition and determining orientation T04-D04 . Recognition T04-D05 . Monitoring and error detection T04-D07 . Applications of recognition techniques T04-D08 . Colour systems T04-D09 . Other recognition aspects W04 Audio/Visual Recording and Systems W04-M Video and synchronising signal generators W04-M01 . Video cameras W04-M01A . . Camera tube arrangements W04-M01B . . Solid state pick-up device arrangements W04-M01C . . (Auto)focusing, zooming, lenses for TV camera, shutters, filters W04-M01D . . Control circuits, monitoring, displays, viewfinders W04-M01D6 . . . Image processing and function control W04-M01D6A . . . . Image acquisition aspects W04-M01L . . Stereoscopic image generating camera system W04-M09 . Other video source aspects


Derwent code IPC/ECLA code S05-D08A A61B T01-J10 G06T T04-D03 G06K9/36 - G06K9/60 W04-M01D6A H04N5/232

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14.5 Selection statement (S05-D08A or T01-J10+ or T04-D03+ or W04-M01D6+)/mc


204 S05-D08A 139615 T01-J10+ 6339 T04-D03+ 9832 W04-M01D6+


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15 Knowledge Representation

15.1 Symbolic code KR

15.2 Selection codes Keywords: knowledge, representation




15.5 Selection statement (knowledge s representation) and (t01 or t04 or t06)/mc



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16 Linear Discriminant Analysis

16.1 Symbolic code LDA

16.2 Selection codes G10L17/00 Speaker identification or verification G10L17/00B2 . . Preprocessing operations, e.g segment selection; Pattern representation or modelling,

e.g. based on linear discriminant analysis (LDA), principal components; Feature selection or extraction

Keywords: linear, discriminant, analysis, LDA


Derwent code IPC/ECLA code G10L17/00


16.5 Selection statement (linear w discriminant w analysis) and t01/mc



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17 Machine Learning

17.1 Symbolic code ML

17.2 Selection codes T01 Digital Computers T01-J Data processing systems T01-J16 . Artificial intelligence (AI) T01-J16A . . Expert systems T01-J16B . . Fuzzy logic systems T01-J16C . . Knowledge processing T01-J16C1 . . . Neural networks T01-J16C2 . . . Learning T01-J16C3 . . . Natural and pictorial language processing T01-J16C4 . . . Genetic algorithms T01-J16C6 . . . Intelligent searching T01-J16C9 . . . Other AI W04 Audio/Visual Recording and Systems W04-E Recording in general W04-E04 . Remote control, time programming W04-E04C . . Time programming W04-E04C7 . . . With learning function


Derwent code IPC/ECLA code T01-J16C2 G06F15/18 W04-E04C7 G11B; H04N5/761


17.5 Selection statement (T01-J16C2 or W04-E04C7)/mc


1429 T01-J16C2 68 W04-E04C7


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18 Machine Learning Technique

18.1 Symbolic code MLT

18.2 Selection codes Keywords: machine, learning, technique




18.5 Selection statement (machin+/al w learning+/al w techniq+/al)



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19 Natural Language Processing

19.1 Symbolic code NLP

19.2 Selection codes G06F17/00 Digital computing or data processing equipment or methods, specially adapted for specific functions G06F17/20 . Handling natural language data G06F17/21 . . Text processing G06F17/22 . . . Manipulating or registering by use of codes, e.g. in sequence of text characters G06F17/24 . . . Editing G06F17/25 . . . Automatic justification G06F17/26 . . . Automatic hyphenation G06F17/27 . . Automatic analysis, e.g. G06F17/28 . . Processing or translating of natural language G06F17/28D . . . Data Driven translation


Derwent code IPC/ECLA code G06F17/20 – G06F17/28D


19.5 Selection statement G06F17/2+/al/ec



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20 Neural Network Model

20.1 Symbolic code NNM

20.2 Selection codes G06N3/00 Computer systems based on biological models G06N3/02 . using neural network models G06N3/04 . . Architectures, e.g. interconnection topology G06N3/06 . . Physical realisation, i.e. hardware implementation of neural networks, neurons or parts of neurons


Derwent code IPC/ECLA code G06N3/02 G06N3/04 G06N3/06


20.5 Selection statement (G06N3/02+ or G06N3/04+ or G06N3/06+)/ec

20.6 Result of selection statement 9811 hits in EPODOC Number of hits per individual code

1113 G06N3/02+ 5320 G06N3/04+ 3805 G06N3/06+


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21 Pattern Recognition

21.1 Symbolic code PR

21.2 Selection codes T04 Computer Peripheral Equipment T04-D Character and signal pattern recognition T04-D01 . Using characters containing code marks T04-D02 . Image acquisition T04-D02A . . Mechanical and optical aspects of image acquisition T04-D02B . . Circuitry, processing of image acquisition T04-D03 . Image preprocessing for image recognition T04-D03A . . Noise reduction T04-D03B . . Edge recognition and determining orientation T04-D04 . Recognition T04-D05 . Monitoring and error detection T04-D07 . Applications of recognition techniques T04-D07A . . Detecting defect in pattern T04-D07B . . Sorting objects by type T04-D07B1 . . . Using patterns specifically applied as identification marks T04-D07C . . Identification of item T04-D07D . . Detecting movement or position T04-D07D1 . . . Detecting movement T04-D07D5 . . . Detecting position or orientation T04-D07E . . Hand written character recognition T04-D07K . . Using non-visible light images (e.g. IR,UV) T04-D07X . . Other recognition applications T04-D08 . Colour systems T04-D09 . Other recognition aspects T07 Traffic Control Systems T07-A Determining road vehicle position, speed or flow T07-A03 . Identifying and recording individual vehicle information T07-A03C . . Recording images T07-A03C5 . . . By video systems T07-A03C5A . . . . With pattern recognition of licence plate information


Derwent code IPC/ECLA code T04D+ G06K9+ T07-A03C5a G08G1


21.5 Selection statement (T04-D0+ or T07-A03C5A)/mc


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Number of hits per individual code

40150 T04-D 224 T07-A03C5A


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22 Principal Component Analysis

22.1 Symbolic code PCA

22.2 Selection codes T01 Digital Computers T04 Computer Peripheral Equipment Keywords: principal, component, analysis




22.5 Selection statement (principal w component w analysis) and (t01 or t04)/mc



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23 Robotics

23.1 Symbolic code RO

23.2 Selection codes T01 Digital Computers T01-J Data processing systems T01-J07 . For industrial process control T01-J07B . . Computer control of manufacturing/industrial machine and quality control T01-J07B1 . . . Quality control T01-J07B2 . . . Semiconductor manufacture control V03 Switches, Relays V03-U Switches/relays characterised by applications V03-U14 . Robotics V04 Printed Circuits and Connectors V04-M Connectors for specific applications V04-M30 . Characterised by application to specific industry V04-M30R . . Machine tools; robotics V04 Printed Circuits and Connectors V04-Q Printed circuits V04-Q30 . Characterised by application to specific industry or equipment V04-Q30R . . Machine tools; robotics V06 Electromechanical Transducers and Small Machines V06-U Electric machines characterised by applications V06-U05 . Robotic


Derwent code IPC/ECLA code T01-J07B --- V03-U17 --- V04-M30R --- V04-Q30R --- V06-U05 ---


23.5 Selection statement (T01-J07B+ or V03-U14 or V04-M30R or V04-Q30R or V06-U05)/mc


17256 T01-J07B+ 2 V03-U14 62 V04-M30R 1 V04-Q30R 609 V06-U05

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24 Speech Recognition

24.1 Symbolic code SR

24.2 Selection codes T01 Digital Computers T01-C Input/output arrangements T01-C08 . Digital input/output using sampling of analog signals T01-C08A . . Speech recognition/synthesis input/output W01 Telephone and Data Transmission Systems W01-C Telephony W01-C01 . Subscriber equipment W01-C01B . . Subscriber calling devices W01-C01B5 . . . Security, restricted dialling W01-C01B5B . . . . Security based on voice recognition/input W01-C01Q . . General control circuitry for telephone sets W01-C01Q1 . . . Self testing and monitoring W01-C01Q2 . . . Memory storage W01-C01Q3 . . . Program control aspects W01-C01Q4 . . . Voice activated control W01-C01Q5 . . . Sensing systems W01-C01Q7 . . . Standby and related systems W01-C01Q8 . . . Security aspects W01-C01Q8A . . . . Theft alarms W01-C01Q8C . . . . Security based on biometrics identification W01-C01Q9 . . . Other general telephone set control circuitry aspects W02 Broadcasting, Radio and Line Transmission Systems W02-G Radio transmission system details and equipment W02-G02 . Transceivers W02-G02A . . Portable and mobile transceiver W02-G02A5 . . . Characterised by operation W02-G02A5C . . . . Voice-operated switching W02-K Multiplex systems W02-K06 . Time assigned speech interpolation (TASI) W04 Audio/Visual Recording and Systems W04-V Analysis, synthesis of sound waves W04-V01 . Novel aspects of analysis or recognition W04-V02 . Novel aspects of synthesis or generation W04-V04 . Applications of speech analysis and synthesis W04-V04A . . Analysis systems W04-V04A1 . . . Determining presence of speech only W04-V04A3 . . . Determining identity of speaker W04-V04A5 . . . Machine control W04-V04A6 . . . Speech-to-text W04-V04A7 . . . Non-speech audio analysis applications W04-V04C . . Synthesis systems W04-V04C1 . . . Text-to-speech W04-V04E . . Novel circuitry for speech analysis or synthesis W04-V05 . General speech signal processing and representation W04-V07 . Noise cancelling systems W04-V09 . Other sound signal details W04-V10 . Audio coding X22 Automotive Electrics X22-L Speech synthesisers; speech recognition units for various applications G10L15/00 Speech recognition

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Derwent code IPC/ECLA code T01-C08A --- W01-C01B5B H04M/31; H04M/66 W01-C01Q4 G10L; H04M1 W01-C01Q8C A61B5/177; G10l17; H04M1 W02-K06 H04j W04-V04A+ G10L15; G10l17 X22-L G10L


24.5 Selection statement (T01-C08A or W01-C01B5B or W01-C01Q4 or W01-C01Q8C or W02-G02A5C or W02-K06 or W04-V04A+ or X22-L)


6814 T01-C08A 82 W01-C01B5B 26 W01-C01Q4 51 W01-C01Q8C 42 W02-G02A5C 224 W02-K06/ 6622 W04-V04A+ 47 W04-V04A5 1009 X22-L


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25 Support Vector Machine

25.1 Symbolic code SVM

25.2 Selection codes Keywords: support, vector, machine, svm)




25.5 Selection statement (support+/al p vector+/al p machine+/al)



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26 Virtual Reality

26.1 Symbolic code VR

26.2 Selection codes T01 Digital Computers T01-J Data processing systems T01-J10 . For image processing T01-J10A . . Image acquisition T01-J10B . . Image processing T01-J10B3 . . . Object processing T01-J10C . . Image generation T01-J10C1 . . . Generating graphs T01-J10C2 . . . Generating shapes, curves, lines T01-J10C3 . . . In text T01-J10C4 . . . 3-dimensional T01-J10C4A . . . . Virtual reality T01-J10C4B . . . . Computer tomography T01-J10C5 . . . Stored modelling data, animation and graphic packages T01-J10C7 . . . Composite image formation T01-J10C9 . . . Other T01-J10D . . Image digitisation/coding/compression T01-J10E . . Image storage T01-J10G . . Applications T01-J10X . . Other T01-J40 . Virtual reality systems T01-J40A . . Games T01-J40B . . Training/Sports Aids Equipment W02 Broadcasting, Radio and Line Transmission Systems W02-F Television systems W02-F10 . Interactive broadcast systems W02-F10G . . For game playing, virtual reality, or karaoke W04 Audio/Visual Recording and Systems W04-W Educational equipment (electrical) W04-W07 . Simulation systems, training and demonstration W04-W07E . . Virtual reality W04-W07E1 . . . Video aspects W04-W07E1A . . . . Head mounted display W04-W07E3 . . . Acoustic aspects W04-W07E5 . . . Tactile or mechanical aspects W04-W07E9 . . . Other aspects of virtual reality W05 Alarms, Signalling, Telemetry and Telecontrol W05-E Display arrangements W05-E07 . Head-mounted display Keywords: virtual, reality


Derwent code IPC/ECLA code T01-J10C4A --- T01-J40+ --- W02-F10G A63F; H04H; H04N7/173 W04-W07E+ A63; G09B W05-E07 G09F

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26.5 Selection statement (T01-J10C4A or T01-J40+ or W04-W07E+ or W05-E07)/mc or (W02-F10G/mc and (virtual+ p reali+))


846 T01-J10C4A 1382 T01-J40+ 669 W02-F10G 226 W04-W07E 501 W05-E07


Cognitive â€“ ICT

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