Copyright 2013 ITRI IEAGHG/IETS Iron and Steel Industry CCUS and Process Integration Workshop, Tokyo Chi-Wen Liao Industrial Technology Research Institute 2013 NOV 6 th 1 CO 2 Storage Assessment in Taiwan IEAGHG/IETS Iron and Steel Industry CCUS and Process Integration Workshop Tokyo Tech Front, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Japan
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Copyright 2013 ITRI IEAGHG/IETS Iron and Steel Industry CCUS and Process Integration Workshop, Tokyo
Chi-Wen Liao
Industrial Technology Research Institute
2013 NOV 6th
1
CO2 Storage Assessment in Taiwan
IEAGHG/IETS Iron and Steel Industry
CCUS and Process Integration Workshop
Tokyo Tech Front, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Japan
Copyright 2013 ITRI IEAGHG/IETS Iron and Steel Industry CCUS and Process Integration Workshop, Tokyo 2
Electronics and Optoelectronics
Green Energy and Environmental Technologies
Information and Communications
Material, Chemical and Nanotechnology
Medical Device and Biomedical Technologies
Mechanical and Systems Technologies
Industrial Technology Research Institute
Copyright 2013 ITRI IEAGHG/IETS Iron and Steel Industry CCUS and Process Integration Workshop, Tokyo
Geo-environmental Hazard
•Resource Assessment
•Reservoir Engineering
•Geothermal Power Generation System
•Organic Rankine Cycle Power Generator
•Industrial Waste Heat Recovery
•Calcium Looping CO2 Capture
•Chemical Looping
•Coal and Bio-mass Gasification
Geothermal
Geological Technology
Clean Coal Technology
•CO2 Geological Storage
•Deep Geological Repository
•Advanced Geo-fluid Sampling
•Advanced Geophysical Investigation
•Geo-hazard Assessment and Alert System
•Land Subsidence Monitoring and Mitigation
•Laser-based System for Wind Speed
Measurement
Wind Energy
•Wind-farm Resource Assessment and Planning
•Wind Turbine System Integration
•Intelligent Control and Maintenance
•Transmission System Design and Analysis
•Large-scale Wind Turbine Control System
Ocean Energy
•Wave Energy Harvesting / Conversion
•Point Source Wave Generator
•Structural and Mechanical Analysis
•Offshore Wind-farm Assessment and
Planning
•Marine Weather Information System
Natural Resources Technology Div.
Copyright 2013 ITRI IEAGHG/IETS Iron and Steel Industry CCUS and Process Integration Workshop, Tokyo
ITRI - Regional MT and Seismic Survey along Western Coast of Taiwan
(ITRI, 2009)
Copyright 2013 ITRI IEAGHG/IETS Iron and Steel Industry CCUS and Process Integration Workshop, Tokyo
Major CO2 sources in Taiwan
Shenao
2.64 MtCO2/yr
Shiehe
1.60 MtCO2/yr
Dalin
2.09 MtCO2/yr
Taichung
39.7 MtCO2/yr
Mailiao
32.4 MtCO2/yr
Hsingda
15.2 MtCO2/yr
Linhai
Electricity Consumer
605,495 kW (steel/petrochem)
Hoping
7.7 MtCO2/yr
87.3 MtCO2/yr
Linkou
4.41 MtCO2/yr
Tongshiao
2.39 MtCO2/yr
Most power plants and industrial parks are located in the western part of Taiwan, where suitable sedimentary basins and rock formations for CO2 storage are available
CB Industrial Park (TPC)
Taoyuan Saline Aquifer
TCS Gas Field (CPC)
YHS Gas Field (CPC)
Estimated CO2 storage capacity : Onshore oil and gas structures:
2,800 Mtons
Coastal and offshore deep saline aquifers: 9,000 Mtons
(ITRI, 2009)
Copyright 2013 ITRI IEAGHG/IETS Iron and Steel Industry CCUS and Process Integration Workshop, Tokyo
TT
HM
TC
YC
TN
我國封存量之分析
800 m
3000 m
ZONE Onshore Offshore
0-25 km Offshore
25-50 km Capacity
(Mt)
TT 25 30 33 8800
HM - 34 34 6800
TC 37 43 34 11400
YC 49 21 10 8000
TN 27 40 42 10900
Total 138 168 153 45900
(Andrew T.S. Lin and C.N Yang, 2013)
Copyright 2013 ITRI IEAGHG/IETS Iron and Steel Industry CCUS and Process Integration Workshop, Tokyo 12
(Andrew T.S. Lin, 2010)
Copyright 2013 ITRI IEAGHG/IETS Iron and Steel Industry CCUS and Process Integration Workshop, Tokyo
2012/Jul/25 Drilling Start 2012/Aug/03 Reach 1500 m (Cutting) 2012/Aug/11-12 First Round Open-hole Logging (SLB) 2012/September PQ Core Drilling 1500-3000m Start-up 2013/Jul/31 down to 2663m (337m left) Will Become one of the monitoring wells
Saline Aquifer Pilot Site Planning
TPCS-M1 Drilling
KCL
CS
CL
TKS
Regional Basin
Geological
Model
深度800m
Reservoir
Marine Onshore
Site
Seis
mic
(Lin, 2011)
(Chiao et al., 2012)
Copyright 2013 ITRI IEAGHG/IETS Iron and Steel Industry CCUS and Process Integration Workshop, Tokyo
Monitoring International
Organization
CPC EGR Phase 1
CO2 EGR/Storage
Website
Simulation Knowledge
Management
Public Acceptance
Site Setting
CO2 Sources
Facility Testing
Infrastructure
EGR parameter acquisition
Capacity Evaluation
Existing wells/infrastructure
Injection facility testing
Purchased CO2
Reworked Well
Pilot scale injection
CO2 from ITRI/TPC
10~30kt
Phase 1 (2010~2013)
Phase 2 (2014~2017)
Well drilling
Upper Saline Aquifer
CO2 from ITRI/TPC
50~100kt
Phase 3 (2018~2020)
24
Soil
Gas
Atmosphere
CO2 conc.
Community Poll
History
Matching
Reservoir Temp/Pressure
Capacity
Assessment
Baseline (ITRI)
GCCC
EGR Pilot Project Planning
Copyright 2013 ITRI IEAGHG/IETS Iron and Steel Industry CCUS and Process Integration Workshop, Tokyo 25
EGR Pilot Site Baseline Data
Multiple monitoring mechanism
Regional groundwater sampling
Shallow groundwater well x 3
Regional microseismic (15 stations)
Regional soil gas monitoring
Meteorological station
Leveling and GPS survey
Atmospheric CO2 monitoring & Recording
Groundwater
Microseismic
Meteorological
Injection well using existing well
Monitoring Station
Real-time Demo
Soil gas real-time
monitoring
主伺服器 雲端臨時監測站
自動監測整合模組
土壤氣體
地下水質
微震波型記錄
大氣及氣象
自動監測整合模組
Cloud-based data archive
Field soil gas sampling
Copyright 2013 ITRI IEAGHG/IETS Iron and Steel Industry CCUS and Process Integration Workshop, Tokyo
Natural and Industrial Analogue Case
Natural Analogue Long-term containment
evidence from deep natural CO2 reservoir
Natural occurence of CO2
Cold spring pH 6.0~6.8
CO2 in daily live
Industrial Analogue Underground Gas Storage
Rising of CO2, 3He and H2
from the mantle (t>400)
Production of N2 from
metamorphic rocks and
thermogenic generation of
CH4 (300<t<400)
Accumulation of in the
carbonate reservoir and
production of thermogenic
CH4, H2, H2S (150<t<300)
Production of biogenic CH4
and CO2 in the Neogene
basins (t<150)
N2-saturated descending
water from the outcrops of
the carbonate formations
(t<100)
<6000m
<3000m
<1500m
surface CO2 cold emission N2 or CO2 thermal gas
mixing
mixing
mix
ing
mix
ing
Fumaroles
(Minissale et al., 1997)
Natural Analogue – Cold Spring
Copyright 2013 ITRI IEAGHG/IETS Iron and Steel Industry CCUS and Process Integration Workshop, Tokyo
CO2 flow continuous monitoring
The monitoring system: big funnel
(1m x 1m) is used to cover the
bubbling gas of the mud pool
Thermo mass flow meter
recorded the flow rate every 10
minutes
Continuous monitoring since
March 13, 2008
(Cheng et al, 2013)
• CO2 accounts for 87% of bubbling gas from CL mud pool,
and its flux can be estimated 83~242 t‧yr-1 (mean =114
t‧yr-1)
• Considered the CO2 flux and the activity of the fault, more
than 900 Mt CO2 were stored in the reservoir
• CO2 emission in the fault zone of studied area is ca. 28~31
kt‧day-1 => 11 Mt/y
Copyright 2013 ITRI IEAGHG/IETS Iron and Steel Industry CCUS and Process Integration Workshop, Tokyo 28
(T.Y. Yang, 2013)
Natural Analogue – CO2 Reservoir
Mantle-derived gas reservoirs do
exist beneath western Taiwan
CO2 Miocene extensional
magmatism and normal faulting
and brought to shallow crust
CO2 have been stored more than
5 million years – long-term
containment
(1) Igneous Province:
High 3He/4He ratios (4.0~8.4 Ra)
magma related
(2) Central Range Province:
0.1~0.9 Ra Crustal components
(3) W. Sedimentary Province:
Mud volcanoes are crustal component
dominant (0.1~0.26 Ra)
However, unusually high ratios were
obtained (up to 6.5 Ra)
Copyright 2013 ITRI IEAGHG/IETS Iron and Steel Industry CCUS and Process Integration Workshop, Tokyo 29