CNS Stimulants Drugs

8/15/2019 CNS Stimulants Drugs

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PHL. 322PHL. 322Presented byPresented by

Dr. Khairy M A ZoheirDr. Khairy M A ZoheirAssociate ProfessorAssociate Professor

College of PharmacyCollege of Pharmacy

KSUKSU


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I- CNS StimulantsI- CNS Stimulants

DrugsDrugs


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Nero!s SystemNero!s System

" #he nero!s system can be classi$ed #he nero!s system can be classi$edintointo

" The Central Nervous SystemThe Central Nervous S

ystem((CNS)CNS) %rain and s&inal cord%rain and s&inal cord

" The Periheral Nervous SystemThe Periheral Nervous System

((PNSPNS(( #he nero!s system o!tside of #he nero!s system o!tside ofthe brain and s&inal cordthe brain and s&inal cord


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Peri&heral Nero!s SystemPeri&heral Nero!s System

PNSPNS

Can be diided intoCan be diided into--

11--Sensory !ivisionSensor

y !ivision(

(a"rent)a"ren

t)

Cond!cts im&!lses from rece&tors to theCond!cts im&!lses from rece&tors to theCNS and 'nforms the CNS of the state ofCNS and 'nforms the CNS of the state of

the bodythe body

2(2( Motor !ivisionMotor !ivision((e"rent)e"rent)Cond!cts im&!lses from CNS to e)ectorsCond!cts im&!lses from CNS to e)ectors

organsorgans..


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*otor Ne!rons*otor Ne!rons

" #he motor diision is also diided into #he motor diision is also diided into" +(+( The somati# nervous system $The somati# nervous

system $

",-LUN#A/ 0generally1 Somatic nere,-LUN#A/ 0generally1 Somatic nere$bers that cond!ct im&!lses from the CNS$bers that cond!ct im&!lses from the CNSto seletal m!sclesto seletal m!scles

" %.%. The autonomi# nervous system$The autonomi# nervous s

ystem$

'N,-LUN#A/'N,-LUN#A/ 00generallygenerally11 Cond!ctsCond!ctsim&!lses from the CNS to smooth m!scleim&!lses from the CNS to smooth m!sclecardiac m!scle and glandscardiac m!scle and glands


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NeuronsNeurons

" #hey are the basic f!nctional !nit of #hey are the basic f!nctional !nit ofthe nero!s systemthe nero!s system..

" #hey contain three ma4or &arts #hey contain three ma4or &arts55 " +.cell body.+.cell body.

" 2. dendrites.2. dendrites.

" 3. a6on.3. a6on.


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Str!ct!reStr!ct!re


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Neurotransmitters CNSNeurotransmitters CNS

" #hey can be classi$ed into #hey can be classi$ed into 55 " +.+. 76itatory576itatory5

" ( Ach gl!tamate as&artate ( Ach gl!tamate as&artate serotonin and N7.serotonin and N7.

" 22. 'nhibitory5(. 'nhibitory5(

" ( 8A%A glycin .( 8A%A glycin .


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CNS StimulantsCNS Stimulants

" 9e$nation9e$nation

::Stim!lants are a s!bstanceStim!lants are a s!bstance

;hich tends to increase;hich tends to increase

behaioral actiity ;henbehaioral actiity ;hen

administered


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" Signs and sym&toms5Signs and sym&toms5

" +( 7leate *ood+( 7leate *ood

" 2( 'ncrease *otor Actiity2( 'ncrease *otor Actiity

" 3( 'ncrease Alertness3( 'ncrease Alertness

"=( 9ecrease need for Slee&=( 9ecrease need for Slee&

" 'n case of oerdose lead to'n case of oerdose lead tocon!lsion and death.con!lsion and death.


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M&A o' CNS StimulantsM&A o' CNS Stimulants

" +( %loc ne!rotransmitters re!&tae+( %loc ne!rotransmitters re!&tae0*ost re!&tae inhibitors a)ect either N70*ost re!&tae inhibitors a)ect either N7or >(H#0Serotonin1 5 Cocaineor >(H#0Serotonin1 5 Cocaine

" 2( Promote ne!rotransmitters release 52( Promote ne!rotransmitters release 5Am&hetamineAm&hetamine

" 3( %loc *etabolism ( *A- inhibitors3( %loc *etabolism ( *A- inhibitors0monoamine o6idase15e6. Phenel?ine0monoamine o6idase15e6. Phenel?ine

" =. antagoni?e the e)ect of inhibitory=. antagoni?e the e)ect of inhibitoryne!rotransmitter5ne!rotransmitter5 Picroto6inPicroto6in @@ StrychnineStrychnine"


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Ne!ronal Syna&seNe!ronal Syna&se


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Ne!ronal Syna&seNe!ronal Syna&se


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CNS StimulantsCNS Stimulants

" (( #hey can be diided based on their site #hey can be diided based on their siteof actionof action55

" +.Cerebral stim!lants 0am&hetamines1+.Cerebral stim!lants 0am&hetamines1

" 2.*ed!llary stim!lants 0&icroto6in12.*ed!llary stim!lants 0&icroto6in1

" 3.S&inal stim!lants 0strychnine13.S&inal stim!lants 0strychnine1


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a *or+ a *or+

" -- &,e#tives$& ,e#tives$ " +( #o demonstrate e)ects of some CNS+( #o demonstrate e)ects of some CNS

stim!lant on mice.stim!lant on mice.

" 2( After the lab yo! sho!ld able to handle2( After the lab yo! sho!ld able to handleand in4ect the mice correctly.and in4ect the mice correctly.

" 3( /o! sho!ld able to di)erentiate bet;een3( /o! sho!ld able to di)erentiate bet;eenam&hetamine&icroto6in and strychinineam&hetamine&icroto6in and strychinine

regarding the sym&toms that ind!ced byregarding the sym&toms that ind!ced byeach of them.each of them.


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+( Am&hetamine+( Am&hetamine

" M&AsM&As $$

" %loc the re!&tae of nore&ine&hrine and%loc the re!&tae of nore&ine&hrine and

do&amine into the &resyna&tic ne!ron anddo&amine into the &resyna&tic ne!ron andincrease the release of these monoaminesincrease the release of these monoamines

into the e6trane!ronal s&ace.into the e6trane!ronal s&ace.

- Clini#al use$- Clini#al use$

" +. Narcole&sy.+. Narcole&sy." 2. Attention(de$cit hy&eractiity disorder2. Attention(de$cit hy&eractiity disorder


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Am&hetamineAm&hetamine

" Aderse e)ectsAderse e)ects55" - Car!iovas#ular$- Car!iovas#ular$ Hy&ertension 0B to 22BHy&ertension 0B to 22B

&ediatric 1&ediatric 1

" - n!o#rine metaoli#$- n!o#rine metaoli#$ eight loss 0=B to DBeight loss 0=B to DB&ediatricE ++B ad!lts 1&ediatricE ++B ad!lts 1

" - astrointestinal$- astrointestinal$ Abdominal &ain 0++B toAbdominal &ain 0++B to+=B &ediatrics 1 Loss of a&&etite 022B to 3FB1+=B &ediatrics 1 Loss of a&&etite 022B to 3FB1

Gerostomia 03>B 1Gerostomia 03>B 1

" - Neurologi#$- Neurologi#$ Headache 02FB 1 'nsomniaHeadache 02FB 1 'nsomnia ا ا 001212B to +B &ediatricE 2B ad!lts 1B to +B &ediatricE 2B ad!lts 1

" - Psy#hiatri#$- Psy#hiatri#$ eeling nero!s 0FB 1eeling nero!s 0FB 1


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Am&hetamineAm&hetamine

" After in4ecting the mice ;ithAfter in4ecting the mice ;itham&hetamine yo! ;ell noticeam&hetamine yo! ;ell notice55

( Hair erection( Hair erection" ( Licing gna;ing.( Licing gna;ing.

" ( Stereoty&e( Stereoty&e

" ( SniIng( SniIng


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Picroto6inPicroto6in

" M&AM&A$$" Non(com&etitie antagonist of 8A%ANon(com&etitie antagonist of 8A%A

rece&tors.rece&tors.

" After in4ecting the mice ;ith &icroto6in yo!After in4ecting the mice ;ith &icroto6in yo!;ell notice;ell notice55 (( Cloni# #onvulsionCloni# #onvulsion characteri?ed by 5characteri?ed by 5

" +. Asymmetric+. Asymmetric

" 2. 'ntermittent2. 'ntermittent" 3. S&ontaneo!s3. S&ontaneo!s" =. Coordinated=. Coordinated


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StrychinineStrychinine

" M&AM&A$$" Com&etitie antagonist of the glycin rece&tors.Com&etitie antagonist of the glycin rece&tors.

" After in4ecting the mice ;ith Strychinine yo! ;ellAfter in4ecting the mice ;ith Strychinine yo! ;ell" notice5notice5(( Toni# #onvulsionToni# #onvulsion characteri?edcharacteri?ed by 5by 5

" +. Symmetric+. Symmetric" 2. eJe6 in origin2. eJe6 in origin" 3. Contin!o!s3. Contin!o!s" =. Uncoordinated.=. Uncoordinated.

CNS Stimulants Drugs

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