Cloud Computing and Virtualization Overview by Amr Ali

Cloud Computing

Presented to Dr. Ehab Ezzat

Team Members

Amr Abd-Elmohsen Ali

Ahmed Mohammed Ezzat

Mohammed Saleh Abdo

Khaled Ahmed Mohammed

Agenda

• The Big Picture • Cloud Properties• Concepts • Virtualization Technologies• Critical Success Factors for SOA and Cloud• Obstacles of using Cloud Computing • Benefits of Cloud Computing • Drawbacks of Cloud Computing• Survey

The Big Picture

• Cloud Computing is a computing model in which dynamically scalable and on-demand resources are provided as services from location independent resource pool via shared network.

• Cloud Computing is the next stage in the Internet's evolution, providing the means through which everything from computing power to computing infrastructure, applications, business processes can be delivered to you as a service wherever and whenever you need.

• Cloud Computing allows us to use the resources actually needed without taking care of peak loads, this is because of Elasticity property of the cloud.

• Adopting Cloud Computing may relief organizations from owning its own IT environments by renting the resources they need from another party.

Cloud Properties

• Elasticity means that a resource is always available to the user.– An environment is considered high available if it accepts requests and produces correct responses 7

days a week.

• Scalability is means that the environment increases or decreases the resources used by the user on behalf of the user n the user’s actual demand.

• On demand computing when ever a resource is needed and without any long term indication of the future use of the resource it is assumed that it is just there.– In such an elastic environment users will only pay for the actual resources used, which is pay as you

go model.

• This usage of computing resources is similar to the use of gas, power, telephony, provided by public utilities.

• Providing computing resources in such a manner is called Utility Computing.

Concepts

• Service Oriented Architecture (SOA): is an architecture style and approach that emphasizes well-defined, loosely coupled, and sharable communications between services.

• Service Oriented Enterprise (SOE): is an enterprise that applies service orientation to its full scope business management and operations where appropriate.

• Virtualization means to create a virtual version of a device or resource, such as a server, storage device, network or even an operating system where the framework divides the resource into one or more execution environments.

Virtualization Technologies

• Cloud computing may be seen as the next step in an evolution from isolated computers over clusters and beyond grids.

• Virtualization technology has been used on single computers since decades.

• The resources of one physical computer can be partitioned into pool of logical resources and rearranged into “Virtual Machine”

Virtualization Technologies cont.

• This results in a significant increase in utilization of a single physical computer by allowing to run very heterogeneous application stacks on one and the same machine.

• This also results in a huge time and effort saving for people who conduct POC’s, who conduct seminars, workshops …etc.

• VM’s contributing overall scalability and Reusability– Since the applications run in separate virtual machines can be cloned and moved in case

of crashes of individual applications.– You can expand your HDD and Ram without requiring to reinstall your components

again.– It can be cloned and moved from one physical computer to another.

Virtualization Technologies(Clusters)

• Computer Cluster  is when two or more computers are used together to solve a problem.

• Clusters have been invented as a different means to increase the utilization, scalability, elasticity of individual computers.

• A Cluster is an interconnected set of complete computers(i.e. ones that could be used as standalone computers) that are perceived from the outside as one big computer.

• The focus of a cluster is to ensure an optimal use of the IT environment of individual company in order to support the company’s application mix.

Virtualization Technologies(Grid)

• Grid computing is something similar to cluster computing – It makes use of several computers connected is some way, to solve a large problem.– It is an interconnected set of complete computers perceived from outside as single

computer.

• Grid is focused on– Support individual applications instead of whole application mix of a given company.– Not owned by a single company but consists of computers own by organizations willing

to share their computers with others ”Virtual Organization”– Also present in scientific computing as researchers share their computers with other

researchers in order to get higher resources power than an individual researcher can typically afford.

Clusters vs. Grids

• The big difference is that a cluster is homogenous while grids are heterogeneous. – The computers that are part of a grid can run different operating systems and have

different hardware whereas the cluster computers all have the same hardware and OS.

– Grid are inherently distributed by its nature over a LAN or WAN. On the other hand, the computers in the cluster are normally contained in a single location .

– Another difference lies in the way resources are handled. In case of Cluster, the whole system (all nodes) behave like a single system view and resources are managed by centralized resource manager. In case of Grid, every node is autonomous i.e. it has its own resource manager and behaves like an independent entity.

– Cluster differs from Cloud and Grid in that a cluster is a group of computers connected by a local area network (LAN), whereas cloud and grid are more wide scale and can be geographically distributed.

Critical Success Factors for Cloud

• Skills and Training • Clearly, moving to SOA and to Cloud will require the use of new

technologies, new processes and even new ways of thinking.

• In many ways, learning new skills and approaches, along with other traditional change management issues, is the largest challenge an organization will face.

• Many organizations focuses on technology training, but as it is important to understand new programming techniques and standards, it is also important to concentrate on how to introduce new business processes as well.

Critical Success Factors for Cloud CONT.

• Requirements Gathering• How will an organization define and specify services?

• How will it know if it is using the right cloud service?

• This might sound obvious but if a company is moving to SOA, it is vital that it have in place common ways of defining services, and how they will be created.

Critical Success Factors for Cloud CONT.

• Security• SOA by utilizing specific techniques within SOA can improve

security, such as using an intermediary for communication and run-time policy enforcement to ensure that communications are secure.

• In a cloud environment, it is important to always investigate who is responsible for securing the cloud and whether their security matches the organization’s expectations.

Critical Success Factors for Cloud CONT.

• Scalability• Is the ability to integrate with new services quickly and easily,

enhancing an organization’s agility.

• Further, it is recommended that performance testing be considered when an organization is using cloud services before major new applications are launched.

Obstacles of using cloud computing

• Business Continuity and Service Availability • Will the cloud provider remain in business over the

long haul?

• Data Lock-In• Cloud storage is essentially proprietary.• SaaS developers cannot easily extract their data and

place it on multiple clouds.• One solution would be to standardize data API’s.

Obstacles of using cloud computing CONT.

• Data Transfer Bottlenecks• Big data transfer is very expensive over

network.• portable disks is less expensive than transfer

over cloud.

Obstacles of using cloud computing CONT.

• Scalable storage• An open research question is to create a storage system

that would not only meet existing programmer expectations in regard to high availability and the ability to manage and query data but combine them with the cloud advantages of scaling arbitrarily up and down on demand.

• AWS uses Amazon Elastic Block Store (EBS) and SimpleDB Azure uses SQL Data Services and Azure Storage Service App Engine uses Megastore Big Table Many open source NO(Not Only)SQL Projects

Obstacles of using cloud computing CONT.

• Scaling Quickly• Pay as you go applies to storage and network

bandwidth. • Google App Engine automatically scales based on

load increases and decreases.• Amazon EC2 charges by the hour for the number

of instances you occupy – even if your machine is idle.

• The challenge is to scale fast (up and down) to save time.

Obstacles of using cloud computing CONT.

• Network Overhead• One of most critical obstacles in the cloud is the cost of

network transformation.• Solution: Push computation to the data

Types of Cloud Computing

Survey

• Many CIOs have yet to utilize cloud storage to a degree that impacts their companies. Overall, questions remain: Are CIOs on a path that will substantially move cloud computing forward in the enterprise? Or are we continually taking one virtual step forward and one back?

• An audience of many IT leaders who are driving business growth through innovation attended an event, where it’s excellent opportunity to gather insights on the progress of cloud computing. conducted a real-time survey via text messaging during the event, with more than 50 CIOs and IT leaders participating.

Survey CONT.

Where do you have the single most successful production use of the cloud?

Survey CONT.

What is preventing you from more aggressively using the cloud?

Survey CONT.

When will the majority of your infrastructure be in the cloud?

Survey CONT.

What is the single most important cloud attribute of the cloud?

Survey CONT.

What percentage of your 2011 IT budget do you expect to save due to cloud use?

Survey CONT.

What are other parts of your business doing with the Cloud?

Thank You