Cloud Computing - An Introduction

Cloud Computing:A General Introduction

Ravindra Dastikop

[email protected]

Cloud Complete

Source: http://howtogeek.com

Cloud Computing

Cloud Applications

Cloud Computing: Simplified Cloud computing is a model of delivering computing

resources from the Internet to the user. 

Computing resources:Software- Applications, OS, service

Hardware ( processors, servers, memory, cards)information - encyclopedia, search engine

Usercomputer connected to the net

mobile userConnected TV

Cloud service - An example

when you get connected to service like Gmail, Hotmail etc  - you are really connecting to a massive pools of servers somewhere out there on the internet

Source: http://howtogeek.com

Why is it called Cloud Computing ?

Because in network diagrams, the Internet is depicted as a cloud

Source: http://howtogeek.com

Why is it called cloud ?

Cloud Resources

Technical Definition

Cloud computing is a model for enabling convenient, 

●  on-demand network access to a shared pool of configurable computing resources (e.g., networks, servers, storage, applications, and services) 

●that can be rapidly provisioned and released with minimal management effort or service provider interaction.

Traditional Vs Cloud

Source: http://howtogeek.com

Traditional Business

Cloud based Business

Cloud from User Perspective

User

How will it help User (me & u) ?

● Cloud will emerge as a major source of all our computing resources

● IE 9 and Chrome OS- an operating system built around a web browser

Source: http://howtogeek.com

Evolution ofCloud Computing

How did we arrive here?

EvolutionMainframe

●First phase -

Evolution Personal Computing

●Second phase

Stages in ComputingClient-server computing

●Third phase -

Stages in ComputingClient server–web

application ●Fourth phase -

Stages in ComputingGrid Computing

●Fifth phase -

Computers come under different administrative domains

Grid

Stages in Computing Cloud Computing

●Sixth phase -

Cloud Computing Service models

What can cloud deliver ?

Using Clouds

Cloud Computing Service Models

●Utility Computing (Iaas)●Platform as a Service (Paas)●Cloud-based end user

applications(SaaS)

Service Models- An Analogy

Suppose u have moved to new town and want to find a

accommodation for yourself?

What are u options ?

Build a New house ( IaaS)

Difficult, time consuming

Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)

●Vendor provides ○  VM, ○Storage and ○Computations

  ●Target:

○Developers and ISV   ●Examples

○Amazon ○Smugmug- a paid digital photo sharing service 

Renting/buy a House (PaaS)

Rent or buy a house

Furnishing is u r freedom

Platform as a Service (PaaS)

●Vendor provides higher level API○ hides machines, storage etc

●Target: Developers and SME ●Vendors: Force.com, Google AppEngine

Stay in a Hotel (SaaS)

Software as a Service ( SaaS)

Business software delivered through cloud

Target: SME & Enterprise

Vendors: Google, Microsoft, Salesforce

MS word, Docs, spreadsheets, CRM

Questions?

send u r questions

Types of Clouds

( Deployment Models)

Types by visibility:

Cloud Deployment Models

Cloud Computing

Concepts

Concept of cloud computing

●A concept is an instrument and a history, that is a bundle of possibilities and obstacles involved in the world as experienced – quote G S Granger

● Instrument - Using net as the source of computing resources and delivering them directly to the user

●Bundle of possibilities○SAAS, IAAS

●History – Grid Computing, Distributed computing ●Obstacles - security, connectivity

Idea of Utilitywater, electricity , petrol ...

Conceptual Foundations

● Cloud computing concept has been derived from the Utility computing model.○ The Best example Utility computing ( Packaged,

metered) model would be the electricity supply system and another concept which it depends on is the Grid computing model.

○ Cloud computing has been mainly derived from the Mainframes concept. 

○ The main feature of cloud computing is the scalability and how it incorporates a part of virtualization. 

Concept- Business

●Utility Computing- packaged, metered ●Produce in large supply in retail

○ Water○ Electricity

●Whole buy- retail sale●Build large and massive capacity and

service is in and through individual units/users ○per MB 

Paradigm ●Direct to U From the “ net” as

against      “on premise” ( DTH)●Direct to user – TV channel subscription●Use without owning- Ramco OnDemand

Cloud ●Rental basis- Google for Enterprises ●Procure as u grow (Gmail start with 7GB

and ask for more ) ●From NIL to FULL

Why cloud Computing is a compelling paradigm

Cloud Computing- Innovations

Advantages

Scalable Architecture

●Scales up to meet Business Goals ●Grids to handle fail-over, backup, disaster

recovery & scalability○Computing grid: for serving user requests○Storage grid : File grid, Database grid○Messaging grid: for real-time updates and chats

Superior Integration

● Integration across SaaS applications is far easy ○CRM integrating spreadsheet and email

 ●Small web services & aggregation (SOA) 

○Evolve each service independently and rapidly  ●Contextual integration- application + user's data

and context 

Performance

Cloud gives better performance ●Caching

○HTML Page caching○distributed server side object caching○convert dynamic data into pre-computed static

content● For example

○Zoho Sheet ( online spread sheets) can be faster than loading complex Excel documents

Conclusion

●Cloud represents a new found land- migrate as early as possible

●Cloud computing represents a new Trend- embrace it ○It better to go with trend than to fight it○More people learn on web

Cloud computing challenges

Obstacles

Challenges in Cloud Computing

● Number 1. Business Continuity and Service Availability● Number 2. Data Lock-In● Number 3. Data Confidentiality/Auditability● Number 4. Data Transfer Bottlenecks● Number 5. Performance Unpredictability● Number 6: Scalable Storage● Number 7: Bugs in Large-Scale Distributed Systems● Number 8: Scaling Quickly● Number 9: Reputation Fate Sharing● Number 10: Software Licensing

Source:

Cloud security

Security issues fall into two broad categories: ● Security issues faced by cloud providers ● security issues faced by their customers.

References 1Cloud security alliance

Security challenges

●Top Challenges faced by Cloud computing vendors○Physical security, ○network security, ○application security

Simple Theory: Do not Trust any input from the user

○XSS- ( Cross site scripting),○Authenticated URL's○User Switching , ○SQL Injection

Research in Cloud Computing

Multi-tenancy challenges

Research Challenges

Load Balancing

Research Challenge

Wireless access to TV

Research Facilities

Yahoo's Cloud lab at IIT, Mumbai

Research facility

Cloud Labs

Research Lab

Cloud research IIT, Delhi

Educational Uses of Cloud Computing

Web tools for Learning and Teaching

Contact Details

Ravindra Dastikop

email: [email protected]

web site: http://cloudcomplete.blogspot.com

Introduction to Cloud Computing

Cloud Research

Kamesh Pemmaraju heads cloud research at Sand Hill Group and he helps companies—enterprises and technology vendors—accelerate their transition to the cloud. His blog has been recognized in the top 50 bloggers on cloud computing and also in CloudTP's best cloud computing blogs list. He welcomes your comments, opinions, and questions. Drop in a line to [email protected]. For updates on news, views, interviews, webcasts, events, and blog posts, follow me on twitter @kpemmaraju.

A Life in the Cloud

References

Cloud Introduction

2

3 Cloud application Architect

4.

Enterprise computing

● Enterprise computing is the application of computers for data processing activities in an organization. The resulting systems are called Information systems(IS).

● Enterprise Computing started with the advent of mainframe computers in the 60's. Over the years with the introduction of new computing devices, enterprise computing paradigm have transformed into new models- changing in scale and ubiquity.○ mainframe○ PCs, client-server models○ Internet - web-based enterprise computing and customer-facing

e-commerce modelsCloud Computing has new potential for revolutionizing enterprise computing once again. This is happening in our Times more

Elements of Cloud Computing

The elements of Cloud computing are1. computing resources packaged as a commodity and made

available directly from the Internet ( UTILITY)2. the ability of the end-user to rapidly provision the resources

they require3. metering - a pricing model that charges the user only for the

actual consumption of resources4. advantage of exploiting of economies of scales by cloud

computing provider

more

Consequences of Cloud Computing

Cloud provider such as Google or Microsoft set up concentration of massive clusters of computing resources- opens up possibilities for large scale data analysis at scales unheard until the advent of cloud computing.This new challenge has resulted in the development of new programming models and development tools to enable large scale computations and development productivity ask mayur More..

Notes and Extra

Engineering Perspective

Academic and research challenges

Cloud Applications

●Application is a code that does one or more specific task○ Payroll application,

●Cloud resources can be used to develop any traditional application and more ○ GAE, Azure AWS

●and such application can be hosted on the cloud●http://appspot.com

○ Cloud-LMS○ CBTS

Opportunities

●Opportunity is a means through which you realize your goal

●Goal may be personal or professional or organizational○Personal opportunities- student / faculty ○Professional opportunities – career ( IBM)

●Organizations- producer/consumer ○MS, Indian companies

●For industrial audience

Cloud Leads

Preparing students for careers in Cloud Computing Space

Purpose

●Share our experience in encouraging our students in using cloud technologies and carrying out cloud-based projects and supplying “ready-to-deploy” workforce

Presentation Outlines

●Why this presentation●What have we done so far●How are we planning to go further●What do we expect from u

Our expectations

●Suggest industry relevant cloud-technologies

●Suggest students projects●Support/mentor our student projects●Internship●Employment for deserving

Purpose

In this presentation , weDescribe our experience introducing cloud

computing domain to our learners (students, faculty)

We list Cloud computing possibilities each with its potential and illustrate with examples

from our experience.

Agenda for Presentation

●Meaning: Cloud computing – What ?●Reasons: Cloud computing – Why●Resources: Cloud computing – Menu●Practice- How to use Cloud resources for

academic and project – examples●Q & A●Summary

Presentation Outline

●Cloud Applications – popular examples●Cloud computing – Business Perspective●Cloud computing- Engineering perspective●Cloud computing- Student projects ●Cloud computing – Career Leads

Cloud for Crowd

●U R ( Most of US) already using it●Example Gmail / Google docs ●No machine avail only Computing

Service Form Computing availed

Gmail/hotmail Email

Google Docs/creately Word processing /presentation

Concept- Business

●Utility Computing●Produce in large supply in retail

○Water○Electricity

●Whole buy- retail sale●Build large and massive capacity and

service is in and through individual units/users

Paradigm

●DTU From the “ net” as against On “on premise”

●Direct to user -

Cloud Applications

●Application is a code that does one or more specific task○Payroll application,

●Cloud resources can be used to develop any traditional application

Opportunities

●Opportunities is a means through you realize your goal

●Goal may be personal or professional or organizational○Personal opportunities- student / faculty ○Professional opportunities – career

●Organizations- producer/consumer

Models

●SAAS●IAAS●PAAS●

Conclusion

●Cloud computing represents a new Trend.●It better to go with trend than to fight it

○More people learn on web

Cloud Leads

Preparing students for careers in Cloud Computing Space

Purpose

●Share our experience in encouraging our students in using cloud technologies and carrying out cloud-based projects and supplying “ready-to-deploy” workforce

Presentation Outlines

●Why this presentation●What have we done so far●How are we planning to go further●What do we expect from u

Our expectations

●Suggest industry relevant cloud-technologies

●Suggest students projects●Support/mentor our student projects●Internship●Employment for deserving

Purpose

●Cloud computing represents a new opportunity is all. Here we present a general introduction to the world of cloud computing especially from student perspective

Concept● Utility Computing

● Produce in large supply in retail○ Water○ Electricity

Source: How stuff works

Paradigm

●From the net●On “on premise”●

http://infreemation.net/cloud-computing-linear-utility-or-complex-ecosystem/

Source

Conceptual View of Cloud Computing

Picture credit Wikipedia

Cloud Computing - Features

● Reliable● Virtualization● Elasticity ●

Source

Cloud Computing - TYPES

● IAAS● PAAS● SaaS●

Cloud Computing- MODES

Private cloudPublic CloudHybrid cloud

Cloud Computing- Locality

● Local● remote● distributed

Cloud computing - stake holders

● Providers- Amazon, MS, ● Resellers● Adopters● Users

Students and Start ups

Cloud Computing - Players

Pros and Cons

Cloud Computing- Compares

● SOA● Internet services● GRID

Cloud Computing - Benefits

● Cost reductions● Ease of use

Cloud Applications

●Application is a code that does one or more specific task○Payroll application,

●Cloud resources can be used to develop any traditional application

Opportunities

●Opportunities is means through you realize your goal

●Goal may be personal or professional or organizational

●Personal opportunities- student/faculty ●Professional opportunities – career●Organizations- producer/consumer

Models

●SAAS●IAAS●PAAS●

Conclusion

●Cloud computing represents a new Trend.●It better to go with trend than to fight it

○More people learn on web