1 Clontarf TKD Student grading criteria This student manual for gradings in Clontarf TKD has been created using various sources including historic syllabus requirements based on the Taekwon-do encyclopaedia and adapted to include the recently published requirements set out in the newly published ITA training manual. The requirements for each grade will be tailored by the Instructor to meet the specific requirements for grading at Clontarf Taekwon-do Club. The complete ITA training manual can be purchased at the Club and all students who progress beyond yellow belt are advised to purchase the manual. The manual contains additional illustrative examples which will be of great benefit to students and includes all material that could come up during an ITF examination. Introduction 10 th Kup grading syllabus 9 th kup grading syllabus 8 th kup grading syllabus 7 th kup grading syllabus 6 th kup grading syllabus 5 th kup grading syllabus 4 th kup grading syllabus 3 rd kup grading syllabus 2 nd kup grading syllabus 1 st kup grading syllabus
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1
Clontarf TKD Student grading criteria
This student manual for gradings in Clontarf TKD has been created using various
sources including historic syllabus requirements based on the Taekwon-do
encyclopaedia and adapted to include the recently published requirements set
out in the newly published ITA training manual.
The requirements for each grade will be tailored by the Instructor to meet the
specific requirements for grading at Clontarf Taekwon-do Club.
The complete ITA training manual can be purchased at the Club and all
students who progress beyond yellow belt are advised to purchase the
manual. The manual contains additional illustrative examples which will be of
great benefit to students and includes all material that could come up during an
ITF examination.
Introduction
10th Kup grading syllabus
9th kup grading syllabus
8th kup grading syllabus
7th kup grading syllabus
6th kup grading syllabus
5th kup grading syllabus
4th kup grading syllabus
3rd kup grading syllabus
2nd kup grading syllabus
1st kup grading syllabus
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Introduction Brief History of Taekwon-do
Taekwon-Do differs significantly from other martial arts. In fact, no other martial art is as advanced with
regard to the application of Newtonian physics to generate power while executing a technique.
General Choi’s journey to develop Taekwon-Do began with his prior knowledge of Taek Kyon, the ancient
Korean art of foot fighting and his study of Karate in Japan during the Japanese occupation of Korea. Soon
after Korea was liberated in 1945, he was placed in a privileged position as a founding member of the newly
formed South Korean Armed Forces.
The former provided him with a definite sense of creation, and the latter gave him the power to disseminate
Taekwon-Do throughout the entire armed forces, despite furious opposition.
The emergence of Taekwon-Do as an international martial art in a relatively short period of time was due to a
variety of factors. The evils of contemporary society (moral corruption, materialism, selfishness, etc.) had
created a spiritual vacuum. Taekwon-Do was able to compensate for the prevailing sense of emptiness,
distrust, decadence and lack of confidence.
In addition, these were violent times, when people felt the need for a means of protecting themselves, and the
superiority of Taekwon-Do technique came to be widely recognised. General Choi's social stature, the
advantage of being Taekwon-Do's founder and his wonderful health also contributed to the rapid growth of
Taekwon-Do all over the world.
General Choi had been born frail and weak and was encouraged to learn Taek Kyon at the age of fifteen by his
teacher of calligraphy. In 1938, a few days before he was due to leave Korea to study in Japan he was involved
in an unexpected incident that would have made it difficult to return home without risk of reprisals.
He resolved to become a black belt holder in Karate while he was in Japan. The skills he required were
sufficient protection against those who might seek to do him harm. Not only was he able to return to Korea,
but he subsequently initiated the national liberation movement known as the Pyongyang Student Soldier's
Incident. Like so many patriots in the long course of human history, his actions aroused the wrath of those in
positions of power. He was imprisoned for a time in a Japanese army jail. In January of 1946, he was
commissioned as a second lieutenant in the fledgling Republic of Korea army and posted to the 4th infantry
regiment in Kwangju, Cholla Namdo Province as a company commander
General Choi began to teach Karate to his soldiers as a means of physical and mental training. It was then that
he realised that they needed to develop their own national martial art, superior in both spirit and technique to
Japanese Karate. With this in mind he began to develop new techniques systematically. By the end of 1954 he
had nearly completed the foundation of a new martial art for Korea, and therefore, on 11th April 1955, it was
given the name "Taekwon-Do".
Although Karate and Taek Kyon were used as references in the course of study, the fundamental theories and
principles of Taekwon-Do are totally different from those of any other martial art in the world. General Choi
formulated the following basic ideals for the Taekwon-Do practitioners:
By developing an upright mind and a strong body, we will acquire the self-confidence to stand on the side of
justice at all times; We shall unite with all men in a common brotherhood, without regard to religion, race,
national or ideological boundaries; We shall dedicate ourselves to building a peaceful human society in which
justice, morality, trust and humanism prevail; The spiritual dimensions of Taekwon-Do can be defined as fusing
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oneself with the ideals of Taekwon-Do and attaining and understanding the full meaning of each of the
Taekwon-Do patterns. If we consider ourselves as one with Taekwon-Do, we will respect it as we respect our
own bodies and Taekwon-Do will never be used in a dishonourable way.
The names of the patterns are derived from the most illustrious people to have been produced by nearly five
thousand years of Korean history. A proper understanding of the patterns leads, inevitably to the realisation
that Taekwon-Do is a martial art to be used only for self-defence and only in the cause of justice.
Tae Kwon Do
Tenets of Taekwon-Do
It would be fair to say that anyone who has participated in the art of Taekwon-Do would admit how it can have
a great effect and a strong influence on a person’s life. This would be the case whether they are actively
participating in the art, have suspended their training temporarily, or have completely retired from Taekwon-
Do altogether. The effect and influence is always there.
This can be seen in how the individual uses, applies, and interprets the Tenets of Taekwon-Do, not only in their
training but in their everyday life. These tenets come under the following five headings:
•COURTESY (Ye Ui)
•INTEGRITY (Yom Chi)
•PERSEVERANCE (In Nae)
•SELF CONTROL (Guk Gi)
•INDOMITABLE SPIRIT (Baekjool Boolgool)
It can be seen if these ideals are of any influence on how he or she conducts themselves either in the Dojang as
an instructor, student, as a person in their private life, or how they are respected and looked upon by
colleagues at their place of work. Before we understand the concept of these titles, we must establish as to
what a tenet actually is. In other words, what is its literal meaning? It is defined in the dictionary thus: Tenet
(noun) - any opinion, principle, dogma or doctrine held to be true.
The last part of the definition indicates that it could almost be held as a belief, passed on to a student from an
Instructor or Master. This is confirmed if one reads the founder of Taekwon-Do, General Choi's explanation of
the tenets. Let us then examine these important principles or tenets, about which General Choi says, "The
success or failure of Taekwon-Do training depends largely on how one observes and implements the tenets of
Taekwon-Do which should serve as a guide for all serious students of the art".
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COURTESY (Ye Ui)
First impressions; Many an opinion of a person is made on an initial meeting, whether it be in social circles or a
work environment. General Choi states that courtesy is an important unwritten regulation in everybody's life
in order to maintain a harmonious society. A person should always try to exercise this tenet, not only in their
Taekwon-Do training, but also in both their social and professional life. It is of the most importance when
being an instructor. On entering the Dojang for the first time, the new student will undoubtedly be influenced
not only by how courteous the instructor is to them, but also by how courteous the senior students are to the
instructor. This will in turn create an atmosphere conducive for the students to train in. To be constantly
courteous and polite in a professional environment can often prove difficult, especially when dealing with a
person who does not have the same attitude. However, when one perseveres in courtesy, one will eventually
win and gain people's respect in the end. Courtesy can also mean tolerance, for example tolerance of other
people’s opinions, ideals, and beliefs. This notion is compatible with the Taekwon-Do ideal, found in the
student oath, of building a more peaceful world.
INTEGRITY (Yom Chi)
"Honesty is the best policy". This is an adage that we hear of a lot in life. From a very early age we are all
taught to be honest. As we get older, however, many of us find it difficult to uphold. This can be due to the
various constraints we find ourselves in during our later life. To seek to achieve integrity and honesty in all
areas of your life is a challenge in itself for the simple reason that it is extremely difficult to be honest with
yourself. However, the literal definition of integrity can be made to cover a wider scope of interpretation. This
can also include: wholeness, entirety, unbroken state, moral soundness and uprightness. With these
definitions in mind it can be seen why General Choi's explanation includes the ability to: "define right and
wrong and have the conscience, if wrong, to feel guilt". Most people will agree that if as a person, you try to be
honest in Taekwon-Do, as indicated in General Choi's explanation of the tenet, this will inevitably reflect in
your professional and private life and you will earn respect in all of these different areas.
PERSEVERANCE (In Nae)
Its literal definition means "to continue readily with or persist in any business or enterprise undertaken".
General Choi says: "To achieve something, whether it is a higher degree or the perfection of a technique, one
must set his goal, then constantly persevere..... One of the most important secrets in becoming a leader in
Taekwon-Do is to overcome every difficulty by perseverance". The student of Taekwon-Do must apply this
tenet in their training at all times if they are to reach any goal in Taekwon-Do. Whether they are putting in two
to three hours training per day to prepare for an important competition, practising for an approaching Kup or
Dan grading, trying to perfect the fundamental movements in a pattern or trying to develop the 'theory of
power' in the fundamental techniques of Taekwon-Do - all of these tasks require perseverance. Confucius said
- "One who is impatient in trivial matters can seldom achieve success in matters of great importance".
SELF CONTROL (Guk Gi)
All practitioners of Taekwon-Do must be taught that Taekwon-Do is an art of self-defence. It must always
therefore be used as a last resort, and then only as a restraint to contain the opponent. With this in mind it is
easy to see the importance of this tenet. A loss of self-control can be disastrous for both parties. Taekwon-Do
has the reputation of being the most powerful martial art ever devised. This can be measured and proved
scientifically and the amount of power that a student develops, even after a short period of training can be
devastating and potentially lethal. For this reason, it is simply neither practical nor possible to have "full
contact" sparring. Therefore this tenet, along with the others is extremely important both inside and outside
the dojang. Lao-Tzu summed up the importance of self-control when he said: "the term of 'stronger' refers to
the person who wins over oneself rather than someone else".
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INDOMITABLE SPIRIT (Baekjool Boolgool)
This tenet has very deep philosophical meanings. The literal definition of "indomitable" is "that which cannot
be subdued", whereas spirit can mean many things, from an essential or active quality of a thing to the
essence or vigour of the intellect or mind. General Choi refers to the heroic actions of the 300 Spartans at the
Battle of Thermopylae who fought against overwhelming odds and superior forces as an example of
indomitable spirit. It is shown when a courageous person and his principles are pitted against overwhelming
odds. For example, when a person or in some cases, where a whole people believe that a wrong has been
done, or an injustice carried out, their indomitable spirit will always show through. For the Taekwon-Do
practitioner, indomitable spirit is essential for their physical, spiritual, and moral development.
Tae Kwon-do Oath
As a student of Tae kwon-do
I shall observe the Tenets of Tae Kwon-do
I shall respect the instructors and seniors
I shall never misuse Tae Kwon-do
I shall be a champion of freedom and justice
I shall build a more peaceful world
The oath will be read out at the beginning of every grading and repeated by students. All students should know the
oath.
Patterns
Tul
The ancient law in the orient was similar to the law of Hamurabi, 'an eye for an eye and a tooth for a tooth',
and was rigorously enforced even if death was caused accidentally.
In this type of environment, and since the present system of free sparring had not yet been developed, it was
impossible for a student of the martial arts to practice or test his individual skill of attack and defence against
actual moving opponents. Individual advancement was certainly hindered until an imaginative practitioner
created the first patterns.
Patterns are various fundamental movements, most of which represent either attack or defence techniques,
set to a fixed or logical sequence.
The student systematically deals with several imaginary opponents under various assumptions, using every
available attacking and blocking tool from different directions. Thus, pattern practice enables the student to go
through many fundamental movements in series, to develop sparring techniques, improve flexibility of
movements, master body shifting, build muscles and breath control, develop fluid and smooth motions, and
gain rhythmical movements.
It also enables a student to acquire certain special techniques which cannot be obtained from either
fundamental exercises or sparring. In short, a pattern can be compared with a unit tactic or a word, if
fundamental movement is an individual soldiers training or alphabet. Accordingly, pattern, the ledger of every
movement, is a series of sparring, power, feats and characteristic beauty. Though sparring may merely indicate
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that an opponent is more or less advanced, patterns are a more critical barometer in evaluating an individual’s
technique.
The following points should be considered while performing patterns:
•Pattern should begin and end exactly at the same spot. This will indicate the performer’s accuracy.
•Correct posture and facing must be maintained at all times.
•Muscles of the body should be either tense or relaxed at the proper critical moments in the exercise.
•The exercise should be performed in a rhythmic movement with an absence of stiffness.
•Movement should be accelerated or decelerated according to the instructions in the Taekwon-Do
encyclopaedia.
•Each pattern should be perfected before moving to the next.
•Students should know the purpose of each movement.
•Students should perform each movement with realism.
•Attack and defence techniques should be equally distributed among right and left hands and feet.
The reason for 24 Patterns in Taekwon-Do:
The life of a human being, perhaps 100 years, can be considered as a day when compared with eternity.
Therefore, we mortals are no more than simple travellers who pass by the eternal years of an aeon in a day. It
is evident that no one can live more than a limited amount of time. Nevertheless, most people foolishly
enslave themselves to materialism as if they could live for thousands of years. And some people strive to
bequeath a good spiritual legacy for coming generations, in this way, gaining immortality. Obviously, the spirit
is perpetual while material is not. Therefore, what we can do to leave something behind for the welfare of
mankind is, perhaps, the most important thing in our lives.
General Choi leaves Taekwon-Do for mankind as a trace of man in the late 20th century.
The 24 patterns represent 24 hours, one day, or all of his life
Sparring
Matsogi
Sparring is the physical application of attack and defence techniques gained from pattern and fundamental
exercise against actual moving opponent or opponents under various situations. It is, therefore, not only
indispensable to promote the fighting spirit and courage, to train the eyes, to read the opponents tactic as well
as manoeuvres, to forge, toughen and develop the attacking and blocking tools, to test his own skills and
ability, to learn other movements hardly to be gained from pattern or fundamental exercise.
Sparring is the physical application of attack and defence techniques gained from pattern and fundamental
exercise against actual moving opponent or opponents under various situations. It is, therefore, not only
indispensable to promote the fighting spirit and courage, to train the eyes, to read the opponents tactic as well
as manoeuvres, to forge, toughen and develop the attacking and blocking tools, to test his own skills and
ability, to learn other movements hardly to be gained from pattern or fundamental exercise.
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The student first encounters sparring at 9th Kup, starting off with 3-Step Prearranged Sparring. When the
student is promoted to 7th Kup they learn the more advanced 2-Step Prearranged Sparring and also Semi-Free
Sparring. At 6th Kup or Green Belt, the student moves on to Free Sparring, while the next promotion to 5th
Kup sees the introduction of One-Step Sparring.
In fact, nearly all students are anxious to move on to this phase of instruction. Not only does training become
more interesting but for the first time, the student begins to achieve a degree of satisfaction through actual
application of these techniques.
The danger lies in a student who has not built up a solid basic foundation, developing bad habits that are
extremely difficult to lose when the student progresses. This is the reason that the instructor encourages the
beginner to learn the necessary patterns and fundamental movements before participating in class sparring,
especially tournament.
Free Sparring (Jayu Matsogi)
Free Sparring is essentially an open combat with controlled attacking and prohibition of attacking to certain
vital spots. In free sparring, there is no prearranged mode between the students, and both participants are
completely free to attack and defend with all available means and methods with one exception: The attacker
must stop the attacking tool just before reaching the vital spot. Because Taekwon-Do is a lethal form of self-
defence, the sparring rules - unlike those of other competitive sports, count only blows focused within two
centimetres of a vital spot, instead of counting the number of ineffective blows or the use of sheer brute
strength. In sparring, focused blows, speed, power, balance, and strong and accurate blocking, skillful dodging
and attitude are taken into consideration.
How important is Free Sparring?
Taekwon-Do is a martial art because it aims at a noble moral rearmament, good health and a variety of
techniques to defend oneself and the weak by discriminating against political involvement and
commercialisation to embody a just society. Unfortunately, many false or unqualified instructors, forgetting
this true nature of Taekwon-Do, rely on showmanship and overemphasise free sparring to cover up their lack
of technique. As a result, their students have a tendency towards arrogance once winning a local or national
championship without trying to improve and expand their techniques. Of course, free sparring is a very
important part of Taekwon-Do to build courage, experience, sense of victory, ability of performance, and
significance of participation and so on. However, it should not be the only focus of the training. A student will
see that free sparring is not a real combat and is a very small part of Taekwon-Do due to the following
limitations:
•Prohibition of attacking the vital spots.
•Limited number of attacking tools.
•Limited number of attacking areas.
•Limited space for fighting.
•Limited number of attacking methods.
•Safety equipment.
•No full contact and so on.
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Accordingly, in free sparring, the student can have a chance to exchange less than a dozen fundamental
movements, compared to the 3,200 techniques available in Taekwon-Do. This is why General Choi emphasises
correct training of fundamental movements rather than free sparring.
The training cycle of taekwon-do:
Recognition plaque:
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10TH UP GRADING SYLLABUS
Examination requirements Exercises
Saju Jirugi
Hand Techniques
Ap joomuk kaunde jirugi Forefist middle punch Parallel stance, on the spot
Ap joomuk kaunde jirugi Forefist middle punch Sitting stance, on the spot
Ap joomuk kaunde jirugi Forefist middle punch Walking stance, forwards or backwards
Unless directed otherwise, perform all kicks from L stance forearm guarding block Twigi apcha busigi Jumping front snap kick Kick with the back leg and land
in front
Ap bandae dollyo chagi Front reverse turning kick Remain on the spot, kicking with the front leg
Naeryo chagi Downward kick Kick with the back leg and land in front or kick with the front leg and step behind
Dwitcha jirugi Back piercing kick Kick with the back leg and land in front
Yopcha jirugi Side piercing kick Kick with the back leg and land in front or kick with the front leg and step behind
Dollyo chagi Turning kick Remain on the spot, kicking with the back leg
Free Sparring, Special Technique, Power Test, Self Defence.
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Theory and Terminology Dan-Gun (21 Movements)
Dan Gun is named after the holy Dan Gun, the legendary founder of Korea in 2333 BC.
Terminology
Straight fingertip thrust Sun sonkut tulgi
Backfist high side strike Dung joomuk nopunde yop taerigi
Outer forearm high side block Bakat palmok nopunde yop makgi
Outer forearm high wedging block Bakat palmok nopunde haechyo makgi
Front reverse turning kick Ap bandae dollyo chagi
Thrust Tulgi
Fingertip Sonkut
Continuous motion Yonsok tongjak
Fast motion Bbarun tongjak
One Hanna
Two Dool
Three Set
Four Net
Five Dasot
Six Yosut
Seven IL gup
Eight Yodul
Nine Ahop
Ten Yol
You should know the application of all learned techniques
You should be able to describe the dimensions, weight distribution and relevant angles of all stances
You should be able to name all attacking and blocking tools and show their location
You should be able to bow in a class showing respect to the instructor
1. First stand at attention and shout 'Charyot'
2. Check that all of the class have come to attention
3. Say:
a. Boosabum Nimgeh (for 1st — 3rd degree)
b. Sabum Nimgeh (for 4th — 6th degree)
c. Sahyun Nimgeh (for 7th — 8th degree)
d. Sasung Nimgeh (for 9th degree)
4. Shout 'Kyong Ye', everyone will bow to the instructor while saying 'Taekwon'.
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You should be able to demonstrate and give the reasons for the Taekwon-Do handshake.
1. To show that you have no hidden agenda
2. To show the weight of your respect for the other person
Additional questions
What animal is symbolic in Taekwon-Do?
The turtle. It has for centuries been the symbol of longevity in the Orient. The ITF plaque represents
the turtles shell.
What are the reasons the Taekwon-Do belt (Ti) wraps around the waist only once, unlike many
other martial arts?
You should pursue one goal once determined until its completion (Ohdoilkwan)
You should serve one master with unshakable loyalty (Ilpyondanshim)
You should gain victory with one blow (Ilkyokpilsung)
This was decided at a meeting of the ITF board of directors on July 1st 1985
Why are there 24 patterns in Taekwon-Do?
There are 24 hours in a day. One day represents your whole life and full time devotion to Taekwon-
Do.
The life of a human being perhaps 100 years can be considered as a day when compared with
eternity. Therefore we mortals are no more than simple travellers who pass by the eternal years of
an aeon in a day. It is evident that no one can live more than a limited amount of time. Nevertheless
most people foolishly enslave themselves to materialism as if they could live for thousands of years.
And some people strive to bequeath a good spiritual legacy for coming generations, in this way
gaining immortality. Obviously the spirit is perpetual while material is not. Therefore what we can do
to leave behind something for the welfare of mankind is perhaps the most important thing in our
lives. Here I leave Taekwon-Do for mankind as a trace of man in the late 20th century. The 24
patterns represent 24 hours, one day, or all my life.
General Choi Hong Hi, (Taekwon-Do Encyclopeadia, 1999 Ed.)
Explain fast motion
Fast motion is where two movements are performed in quick succession each with a sharp fast
breath and with a half sine wave for the second movement.
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Explain continuous motion
Continuous motion is where two movements are performed with full sine wave for each movement
but with one continuous breath. More than two movements may be performed in continuous
motion but in these cases a half sine wave is performed in between each movement.
Additional Techniques (see ITA training manual for further information and principles)
Outer forearm high side block (Bakat Palmok Nopunde Yop Makgi):
Purpose of block:
This is used to intercept the opponents attacking tool aimed at the neck or points above.
Blocking Tool used:
One third of the outer forearm (Bakat Palmok) from the wrist to the elbow is used as the blocking
tool in this block.
Outer forearm high wedging block (Bakat Palmok Nopunde Hechyo Makgi):
Purpose of block:
This technique is used to block a twin fist vertical punch, twin fore-knuckle fist punch or twin knife
hand inward strike, while preventing the neck, head or lapel from being grabbed.
Blocking Tools used:
One third of the outer forearms (Bakat Palmok) from the wrist to the elbow are used as the blocking
tools in this block.
Straight Fingertip Thrust (Sun Sonkut Tulgi):
Purpose of the attack:
This technique is delivered with the intention to cut through the vital spot with less twisting of the
attacking tool. This is executed mainly from a walking stance, but occasionally from a parallel, sitting
or x-stance. Straight fingertip thrust is used to thrust to the opponent's solar plexus or abdomen.
Attacking Tool used:
The fingertips (Sonkut) are the attacking tools. The usage of it varies according to the target. The
form of it is just the same as a knife hand.
Back Fist High Side Strike (Dung Joomuk Nopunde Yop Taerigi):
Purpose of the attack:
This technique is primarily used for attacking the skull, forehead, temple, philtrum and abdomen,
with the floating ribs and epigastrium secondary targets.
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Attacking Tool used:
The main knuckles of the forefinger and middle finger are the parts used for back fist (Dung Joomuk).
Turning Kick (Dollyo Chagi):
Purpose of the attack;
This is one form of a smashing kick, the purpose being similar of striking techniques of the hand. The
face, solar plexus and scrotum are the primary targets while the armpit temple and neck are
secondary targets. The turning kick is ideal for attacking an opponent at the side front. The turning
must be performed from a suitable position, and if the position is awkward for this kick, the attacker
must swiftly move into a suitable position. The kick is normally executed from the rear foot, though
occasionally the front foot.
Attacking Tool used:
The ball of the foot (Ap Kumchi) is the attacking tool used in this particular attack. The toes are bent
sharply upward at the moment of impact.
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The training cycle of taekwon-do:
Recognition plaque:
It takes the shape of a turtle which symbolizes longevity. The six colours represent the colours of the