GSPublisherVersion 0.0.100.100 Kilosa Building Mercury House 138 NHC Bank SH1G Square Old Orphanage Building Forodhani Playground Mizingani Street Hyatt Road Tembo Hotel Indian Ocean Old Fort Forodhani Park Hotel Mizingani Street Gizenga Street Beach Forodhani Gardens 54 55 56 53 128A/B/C SH1H Roscher Building Power House Mizingani Street H W Gizenga Street Kenyatta Street Mizingani Street Site Inventory & Analysis Climatic Analyisis Zanzibar experiences a regular pattern of the monsoon winds. These are the same winds that allowed for traders to plan their trade routes south and north along the East African coast through the Indian Ocean. -Kaskazi (north-easterly) December to mid-March This wind took traders south along the coast, blowing from the northeast to the southwest for approximately 4 months -Kusi (southerly) April to mid-September This wind allowed traders to head up north along the coast. A mainly southerly wind blowing for approximately 6 months. SUNPATH Psychometric Chart Analysis. Bioclimatic Chart Analysis. Climatic Description Zanzibar lies in the warm humid climate. Warm humid climate is generally found within the region 15 0 North and South of the Equator. Koenisberger (1975) observes that the most prominent characteristics of this type of climate are the hot, sticky conditions and the continual presence of dampness. The climate has very little seasonal variation and the air temperatures range between 21 0 C- 32 0 C during the day and 21 0 C- 27 0 C in the night. The temperatures barely exceed the normal skin temperatures. The relative humidity levels are high of about 75% throughout the year. Heavy clouds and water vapour in the air act as a filter to solar radiation. However the same clouds prevent reradiation from the earth at night. Precipitation is high throughout the year with annual rainfall varying from 2000mm to 5000mm and may exceed 500mm in one month. Wind velocities are generally of low speed. However strong winds can occur during rain squalls and usually in one or two dominant directions. Recommendations Winds Temperatures in Zanzibar are high during the short dry season of January to February, with maximum mean of 32°C, and low during the cool season lasting from May to September. The cool season, also known as Kipupwe in Swahili may be associated with periods of scattered showers called Mchoo in Swahili. The mean annual maximum and minimum temperatures are 29.3°C and 21.1°C, respectively. Temperatures Sunpath The sunpath cuts diagonally through the site. This will inform the approach that will be taken in design of individual buildings. In as much the project is all about conserving and maintaining the buildings as much as possible, the new redesigned buildings will be adequately designed to minimize the effects of direct solar radiation into the spaces. In the insatance wher the building oreintation cannot be altered to have the shorter facades on the east and west directions, adequate sunshading measures will be employed i.e lourvered windows. Furthermore for the purposes of having adequate natural lighting in the buildings, the said buildings will be oriented to have larger window openings on the North and South facades at the same time having narrow plans to avoid deep spaces. Winds The relative humidity is high, with a monthly average ranging from 87% in April (Masika) to 76% in November (Vuli), and a minimum at 60% during the dry season. Therefore, with humidity values in the range of 80%, daily temperatures can sometimes be as high as 40°C particularly in the night when the land is braced with hot breezes. Relative Humidity Previous studies on design for the warm humid climate indicate that for the purposes of achieving human thermal comfort in buildings it is only wise to depend on air movement within spaces to provide the all improtant physiological cooling. This arises from the fact that the humidity levels are high rendering cooling by sweating almost irrelevant. It therfore wise to maximize in the use of the sea breeze in providing physiological cooling needs in the buildings. This will be achieved in having window openings deliberately done to allow for air to get into the spaces . The sunpath cuts diagonally through the site. This will inform the approach that will be taken in design of individual buildings. In as much the project is all about conserving and maintaining the buildings as much as possible, the new redesigned buildings will be adequately designed to minimize the effects of direct solar radiation into the spaces. In the insatance wher the building oreintation cannot be altered to have the shorter facades on the east and west directions, adequate sunshading measures will be employed i.e lourvered windows. The bio-climatic chart defines the comfort zone using two main parameters i.e the Dry Bulb Temperature (DBT) and the Relative Humidity (RH) of 20-30 degrees celcius and RH of 30-65% Two months of extreme weather have their data plotted i.e December being the hottest month and represented by the red line and July being the coldest month and represented by the blue line. Deductions from the chart shows that there is need to put measures that seek to provide cooling in buildings for physiological cooling and consequently achieving the comfort levels. The Psychometric chart has a comfort zone defined of about 20-26 degrees celsius and R.H of about 20-80%. Plotting of figures of the same two months i.e December being the hottest month and represented by the red lines and July being the coldest months and represented by the blue line, clearly shows that none falls within the comfort zone. Deductions from the chart shows that there is need to put measures that seek to provide cooling in buildings for physiological cooling and consequently achieving the comfort levels. This chart shows how frequent and how strong the wind blows from different directions through a typical October. The biggest spokes point in the directions the wind most commonly blows from and the shade of blue suggests the strength, with the strongest winds shown by dark blue. It is based on 2232 NWW3 forecasts of wind since since 2006, at 3hr intervals, for the closest NWW3 model node to Zanzibar, located 35 km away (22 miles). It is only wise that the redesigned buildings and the existing buildiing to take advantage of this winds to ensure thermal comfort of the eventual users. It is apparent that in order to achieve thermal comfort for this region is by ensure that there is air movement for physiological cooling given the high humidity levels. Prevailing Winds Sea Breeze