Climate smart agricultural adaptation measures among smallholder mixed farmers in East Africa Gumisiriza M 1 ; Tadesse, T. 1 ; Isubikalu.P 2 ; Kabirizi, J. 3 & Zziwa, E 4 1 Mekelle University, Ethiopia; 2 Makerere University, Uganda; 3 National Livestock Resources Research Institute, Uganda 4 Association for Strengthening Agricultural
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Climate smart agricultural adaptation measures among smallholder mixed farmers in east africa by margaret gumisiriza
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Climate smart agricultural adaptation measures among smallholder mixed farmers in East Africa
1Mekelle University, Ethiopia; 2Makerere University, Uganda; 3National Livestock Resources Research Institute, Uganda
4Association for Strengthening Agricultural Research in Eastern and Central Africa, Uganda.
Introduction
Climate change is a major challenge facing smallholder crop-livestock farmers in Uganda.
Various adaptation strategies have been adopted among communities to increase farmers’ resilience to climate change.
However variations occur across several scales regarding: ability to cope with climate change adaptation measures
Discrepancy may be from the individual to farm and plot levels to country levels
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Introduction (cont.)
Various studies have looked into adaptation practices and the ability to cope at given levels.
For instance: the study on “Climate Change Vulnerability and Adaptation Preparedness in Uganda” (Hepworth 2010).
Unfortunately research into the missing adaptation measures in given study areas is still very limited.
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Objectives
Identify and validate farmers’ knowledge and perception on climate change using existing climate data of the study regions.
Find out and document the existing adaptation strategies in the study areas.
Identify the missing adaptation measures in the study areas that exist in other East African countries with the same climatic conditions.
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Materials and MethodsStudy sites
Ngora & Masaka districts were purposively selected to represent the humid and semi-arid climatic regions with smallholder crop-livestock farmers implementing planned adaptation strategies (ASARECA, 2011).
Sampling techniques
Purposive non- random sampling: used to identify 2 districts and 2 villages based on the implementation of the planned adaptation strategies.
Systematic sampling technique: used to select 20 farmer households per village
Missing adaptation strategies Country Adaptation strategies Implemented
Ethiopia Change of planting dates Crop diversification Large scale pasture conservation Use of early warning systems Implementation of awareness-creation
programs regarding the natural environment and climate change
Agro forestry systems (plant multi-purpose trees for fodder, soil fertility & soil fertility improvement).
Kenya Access of credit by smallholder famers to take on adaptation measures
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Missing adaptation strategies
Large scale pasture conservation in Ethiopia
Green house used for vegetable growing in Kenya
Conclusions
Farmers in the study areas have observed a change in the climate which also concurs with the historical climate data analysis results.
Various adaptation measures were identified to be implemented among the farmers in the Masaka and Ngora
Analogue tool assisted in the Identification of a number of adaptation strategies missing in the study areas
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Recommendations and Implications of the study
Implementers of adaptation strategies should consider putting in place, encouraging or supporting the farmers to take on the identified missing adaptation strategies where applicable
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Researchers can use analogue tool to identify relevant but missing adaptation measures in other areas of the country and implement them.
Acknowledgements
Rockefeller Foundation
RUFORUM
ASARECA
National Livestock Resources Research Institute, Uganda