OECD Climate Change Expert Group Global Forum Breakout Group 2 Scale-up and replication of climate finance interventions Chizuru Aoki Coordinator, Climate Change Mitigation Team 19 March 2014 Scale-up and Replication of Climate Finance: GEF Perspectives
GEF Presentation made during OECD/IEA CCXG Global Forum March 2014: Scale-up and replication of Climate Finance: GEF Perspectives
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OECD Climate Change Expert Group Global ForumBreakout Group 2
Scale-up and replication of climate finance interventions
Chizuru AokiCoordinator, Climate Change Mitigation Team
19 March 2014
Scale-up and Replication of Climate Finance: GEF Perspectives
Key Questions
• What are broad lessons from replication and scaling-up experiences to date?
• What are implications for the balanced provision of climate finance between mitigation and adaptation?
Snapshot of GEF
Adaptation• Since 2002 through
SPA, LDCF and SCCF• 230 projects• Total GEF grant of
~$1.2 billion• Co-financing of ~$5.5
billion
Mitigation• Since 1991, through
GEF Trust Fund • Over 750 projects• Total GEF grant of ~ $3
billion• Co-financing of ~ $25
billion
Tailor support to specific needs of each project and country Facilitate partnerships among international organizations, authorities, private
sector and other actors to create conditions for successful climate finance
Impact of GEF Interventions Progress towards impact: assessed through extent of broader adoption
of interventions by stakeholders Replication and scaling-up: two “pathways” for broader adoption GEF Climate Mitigation projects showed progress towards broader
adoption, as assessed by GEF Independent Evaluations Office (IEO): 77% of projects in 4 emerging economies (Impact Evaluation, 2013) 66% of recently completed projects (5th Overall Performance Study, 2013)
1. Sustaining
2. Main-
streaming
3. Replication
4. Scaling-up
5. Market change
Key Evaluation Findings and Lessons Successful projects adopted comprehensive
approaches to address market barriers with targeted supportive policy frameworks
Project relevance to stakeholders and demonstration of technology applicability, effectiveness and feasibility are important
Projects with large greenhouse gas impact had replication factored into project design
Profitability & cost-effectiveness are key for replication needed for private sector engagement
Roles of countries as regional leaders are important for scaling-up, if facing comparable challenges
Technical standards and national support policies are effective for scaling-up (GEF IEO, 2013)
GEF support to transforming China’s renewable energy (REDP and CRESP)
Recent Analysis:Impact Evaluation
77 % of 18 projects from 4 emerging economies reviewed in depth showed high, significant, or moderate progress towards broader adoption
• Replication– Activities replicated in 15 projects, traced back to GEF projects– Types of replication: private sector replication; with support by national institutions,
strategies, or policies; through national, GEF, or ODA support; decentralized public sector replication
• Scale-up– Scale-up with causal links to GEF projects in 11 projects; 6 projects working on scale-up
with or without GEF or government support– Types of scale-up: within project countries; in other countries; national support policies
with causal relationship with GEF project, product and technology standards and specifications developed in GEF projects (GEF IEO, 2013 a, Climate Change Mitigation Impact Evaluation)
Recent Analysis:Fifth Overall Performance Study of GEF
66% of 113 completed climate change mitigation projects had broader adoption initiatives adopted or implemented
• Mainstreaming: most common mechanism of broader adoption– Policy, legislative, and regulatory measures– Mainstreaming of financing and promotion of energy efficiency and renewable
energy, such as lease purchase agreements, funds, ESCOs
• Replication– Technologies and infrastructures most commonly replicated
• Scale-up and Market Change– Not common among project cohort– Technologies and infrastructure most common measures (GEF IEO, 2013b, Fifth