CLIMATE CLIMATE
Mar 27, 2015
CLIMATECLIMATE
CLIMATE CLIMATE
3 MAIN TYPES3 MAIN TYPES►POLAR (high latitude – 60 – 90 degrees POLAR (high latitude – 60 – 90 degrees
N/S Very low Temps.N/S Very low Temps.►TEMPERATE (middle latitude 30 – 60 TEMPERATE (middle latitude 30 – 60
degrees N/S) Temps vary greatlydegrees N/S) Temps vary greatly►TROPICS (low latitude 0-30 degrees N/S) TROPICS (low latitude 0-30 degrees N/S)
Very high tempsVery high temps
CLIMOGRAPHCLIMOGRAPH
CLIMATE CONTROLSCLIMATE CONTROLS
►LATITUDE (angle of incidence)LATITUDE (angle of incidence)►ALTITUDE ALTITUDE ►MOUNTAINS (barriers)MOUNTAINS (barriers)►OCEAN CURRENTSOCEAN CURRENTS►WATER VS. LANDWATER VS. LAND►CYCLONIC STORMSCYCLONIC STORMS►PRESSURESPRESSURES
RAINFOREST AfRAINFOREST Af
►Tropical ClimateTropical Climate►Little temp. difference (hot)Little temp. difference (hot)►rainfall greater than 100 inches due to rainfall greater than 100 inches due to
convectionconvection►Thick vegetationThick vegetation►ex. Zaire, Amazon, Indonesia, ex. Zaire, Amazon, Indonesia,
Malaysia, SumatraMalaysia, Sumatra
RAINFORESTRAINFOREST
RAINFORESTRAINFOREST
DESERT BhDESERT Bh
►Tropical ClimateTropical Climate►Located near 25-30 degrees (High Located near 25-30 degrees (High
Pressure)Pressure)►High temps, low humidity, clearHigh temps, low humidity, clear►rainfall less than 10 in. rainfall less than 10 in. ►sparse vegetationsparse vegetation►ex. W. USA, Gobi (asia), Sahara ex. W. USA, Gobi (asia), Sahara
(africa), Middle east(africa), Middle east
DESERTDESERT
DesertDesert
STEPPESTEPPE
►TROPICAL CLIMATETROPICAL CLIMATE►LOCATED NEAR DESERTSLOCATED NEAR DESERTS►WARM TEMPS.WARM TEMPS.►10-20 IN OF RAINFALL10-20 IN OF RAINFALL►POLISH WORD MEANING POLISH WORD MEANING
“GRASSLAND”“GRASSLAND”►US STATES WEST OF 100US STATES WEST OF 100THTH MERIDIAN MERIDIAN
STEPPESTEPPE
SAVANNASAVANNA
►LOCATED NEAR AREAS OF LOW LOCATED NEAR AREAS OF LOW PRESSUREPRESSURE
►SUMMER – WARM DAY AND NIGHTSUMMER – WARM DAY AND NIGHT►WINTER WARM DAY AND COOL NIGHTWINTER WARM DAY AND COOL NIGHT►WET/DRY SEASONSWET/DRY SEASONS►VEGETATION – TALL GRASS WITH VEGETATION – TALL GRASS WITH
SCATTERED TREESSCATTERED TREES►TARZAN MADE HIS HOME HERETARZAN MADE HIS HOME HERE►AFRICA, S. AMERICA, S. FLORIDAAFRICA, S. AMERICA, S. FLORIDA
SAVANNASAVANNA
SAVANNASAVANNA
MARINE WEST COASTMARINE WEST COAST
►Found along west edge of continentsFound along west edge of continents►Temp is warm and mildTemp is warm and mild►Rainfall is 30-60 in. Rainfall is 30-60 in. ►Heavy vegetation on windward side of Heavy vegetation on windward side of
mts.mts.►controls include mountains and oceancontrols include mountains and ocean►Ex. N.W. coast of US. N.W. europeEx. N.W. coast of US. N.W. europe
MARINE WEST COASTMARINE WEST COAST
MIDDLE LAT. DESERT AND MIDDLE LAT. DESERT AND STEPPESTEPPE
►Found in interior of continentsFound in interior of continents►Dry and warm Dry and warm ►Little precipitation. 10 – 20 in.Little precipitation. 10 – 20 in.►winter season – coldwinter season – cold►MidwestMidwest
MIDDLE LAT. DESERT AND MIDDLE LAT. DESERT AND STEPPESTEPPE
MEDITERRANEANMEDITERRANEAN
►S.W. coast of continents, along horse lat.S.W. coast of continents, along horse lat.►warm dry summers. mild winterswarm dry summers. mild winters►summer is dry (H pressure)summer is dry (H pressure)►winter rainfall due to shifting High pressurewinter rainfall due to shifting High pressure►““Best climate” clear skies, low humidityBest climate” clear skies, low humidity►S. Cali, S. Africa, Shores of mediterranean S. Cali, S. Africa, Shores of mediterranean
sea. sea.
MEDITERRANEANMEDITERRANEAN
MEDITERRANEANMEDITERRANEAN
HUMID SUBTROPICALHUMID SUBTROPICAL
►S.E. edge of continents 30-40 degrees S.E. edge of continents 30-40 degrees lat.lat.
►Extremes in temps. 0-100 usually mild Extremes in temps. 0-100 usually mild winterswinters
►rainfall 30-65 in a year. rainfall 30-65 in a year. ►Heavy plant growth and forestsHeavy plant growth and forests►cyclonic storms are controlling factorcyclonic storms are controlling factor►S.E. U.S.S.E. U.S.
HUMID SUBTROPICALHUMID SUBTROPICAL
HUMID SUB TROPICALHUMID SUB TROPICAL
HUMID CONTINENTALHUMID CONTINENTAL
►N.E. area of continentsN.E. area of continents►EXTREMES in temps. summer is warm EXTREMES in temps. summer is warm
and humid, winter is cold with snowand humid, winter is cold with snow►rainfall – 30 in.rainfall – 30 in.►cyclonic stormscyclonic storms
HUMID CONTINENTALHUMID CONTINENTAL
MOUNTAINMOUNTAIN
►Rockies, AppalachiansRockies, Appalachians►Temperature, pressure decrease with Temperature, pressure decrease with
altitudealtitude►precip on windward sidesprecip on windward sides►Vegetation becomes sparse with Vegetation becomes sparse with
increase in vegetation.increase in vegetation.
MOUNTAINMOUNTAIN
SUBARCTICSUBARCTIC
►50- 65 degrees lat.50- 65 degrees lat.►Cold winters, short summersCold winters, short summers►10-20 in of rainfall10-20 in of rainfall►Taiga Forest (pine)Taiga Forest (pine)►Biggest climate in N. AmericaBiggest climate in N. America►Greatest temp range. -59 to +70Greatest temp range. -59 to +70
SUBARCTICSUBARCTIC
SUBARCTICSUBARCTIC
TUNDRATUNDRA
►Boarders lands of icecapBoarders lands of icecap►VERRRRRRY coldVERRRRRRY cold►10 in. of precip.10 in. of precip.►Permafrost, small shrubs, moss, Permafrost, small shrubs, moss,
lichenslichens►found only in northern hemispherefound only in northern hemisphere►eskimoseskimos►9 months avg. below freezing.9 months avg. below freezing.
TUNDRATUNDRA
ICECAPICECAP
►N.P. and S.P.N.P. and S.P.►Temp never above freezingTemp never above freezing►snow maybe 2-3 miles thicksnow maybe 2-3 miles thick►official low - -126.9 degrees F.official low - -126.9 degrees F.►Few inhabitantsFew inhabitants►Land of the six month sun.Land of the six month sun.
ICECAPICECAP