Water for a food-secure world Climate change, water resource development and malaria in Ethiopia Eline Boelee, Matthew McCartney, Mekonnen Yohannes, Fitsum Hagos, Jonathan Lautze, Solomon Kibret Presented at “Water and Health: Where Science Meets Policy,” The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, USA October 25-26 2010
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Climate change, water resource development and malaria in ethiopia
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Water for a food-secure world
Climate change, water resource development and malaria in
EthiopiaEline Boelee, Matthew McCartney,
Mekonnen Yohannes, Fitsum Hagos, Jonathan Lautze, Solomon Kibret
Presented at “Water and Health: Where Science Meets Policy,”The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, USA
October 25-26 2010
Water for a food-secure worldWater for a food-secure world
Key message
Climate change necessitates water storage,
which may increase health risks
that can be mitigated.
Water for a food-secure worldWater for a food-secure world
Malaria in Ethiopia as an example
Koka reservoir
(Source: MoH & WHO 2007)
Water for a food-secure worldWater for a food-secure world
Impacts of climate change
• Increased variability of rain• Reduced availability of water• Reduced water & food security• Need for water resources development• Water storage has a role to play in adaptation to
climate change• Impacts on mosquitoes, parasites, transmission cycle
Water for a food-secure worldWater for a food-secure world
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1950 1970 1990 2010 2030 2050
Year
Pe
r C
ap
ita
Wa
ter
Av
ail
ab
le (
Cu
. m
)
Water resources development in Ethiopia
(Source: Awulachew et al. 2005)
• Per capita water availability declining• Water Sector Development Program 2002-2016• River diversion / irrigation systems• Rainwater harvesting ponds• Large multipurpose dams• Small reservoirs• DWSS*
Photo C
redit: Eline B
oelee
*DWSS: Drinking Water Supply and Sanitation
Water for a food-secure worldWater for a food-secure world
Water storage• Focus on water for agriculture, incl. livestock • Integrated into most water systems• Save water over time for access at critical periods• Diverted from rivers, rainwater harvesting, aquifers• High variety
– Tanks, reservoirs– Groundwater– Large / small– Open / closed– Man-made / natural
Photo Credit: Eline Boelee
Water for a food-secure worldWater for a food-secure world
Water storage continuum
(Source: McCartney & Smakhtin 2010)
Water for a food-secure worldWater for a food-secure world
Water for a food-secure worldWater for a food-secure world
Key message
Climate change necessitates water storage, which may increase health risks
that can be mitigated
Thank you!
Water for a food-secure worldWater for a food-secure world
Related Publications• Kibret, S.; Alemu, Y.; Boelee, Eline; Tekie, H.; Alemu, D.; Petros, B. 2010. The impact of a small-scale
irrigation scheme on malaria transmission in Ziway area, central Ethiopia. Tropical Medicine and International Health, 15(1):41-50
• McCartney, Matthew; Smakhtin, Vladimir. 2010. Water storage in an era of climate change: addressing the challenge of increasing rainfall variability. Blue paper. Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). 14p.
• Kibret, S.; McCartney, Matthew; Lautze, Jonathan; Jayasinghe, G. 2009. Malaria transmission in the vicinity of impounded water: evidence from the Koka Reservoir, Ethiopia. Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). 39p. (IWMI Research Report 132)
• Kibret, Solomon; McCartney, Matthew; Lautze, J. 2008. Mosquitoes and malaria in the vicinity of the Koka Reservoir, Ethiopia. In Humphreys, E.; Bayot, R. S.; van Brakel, M.; Gichuki, F.; Svendsen, M.; Wester, P.; Huber-Lee, A.; Cook, S. Douthwaite, B.; Hoanh, Chu Thai; Johnson, N.; Nguyen-Khoa, Sophie; Vidal, A.; MacIntyre, I.; MacIntyre, R. (Eds.). Fighting poverty through sustainable water use: proceedings of the CGIAR Challenge Program on Water and Food, 2nd International Forum on Water and Food, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 10-14 November 2008. Vol.1. Keynotes; Cross-cutting topics. Colombo, Sri Lanka: CGIAR Challenge Program on Water and Food. pp.34-37.
More related publications continued on next slide…..
Water for a food-secure worldWater for a food-secure world
Related Publications• Lautze, J. 2008. Incorporating malaria control into reservoir management: a case study from Ethiopia. PhD
thesis, Tufts University, Boston, USA.
• Hagos F, Yohannes M, Linderhof V, Krusemand G, Mulugeta A, G/Samuel G, Abreha Z (2006) Micro water harvesting for climate change mitigation: Trade-offs between health and poverty reduction in Northern Ethiopia. PREM Working Paper 06/05. Poverty Reduction and Environmental Management (PREM), Institute for Environmental Studies. Amsterdam: Vrije Universiteit. http://www.prem-online.org/archive/12/doc/PREM06-05.pdf
• Awulachew, S. B.; Merrey, D. J.; Kamara, A. B.; Van Koppen, B.; Penning de Vries, F.; Boelee,E.; Makombe, G. 2005. Experiences and opportunities for promoting small–scale/micro irrigation and rainwater harvesting for food security in Ethiopia. Colombo, Sri Lanka: IWMI. v. 86p. (Working paper 98)
For further information, please visit: www.iwmi.org