Climate Change Ryan India

END IS NEAR

HELP SAVE THE

EARTH

But it seems that future has

come sooner than predicted.

A decade ago, global climate change was largely considered a problem for the distant future.

Extended Monsoons, Flooding and Shrinking

Winters.

*FLOODSEXTENDING MONSOON

*India, 23 September 2010*Rising water level in Yamuna due to

unrelenting monsoon rain and release of more water by Haryana have kept the authorities busy.

*Close to 1.7 million people in western Uttar Pradesh have been affected due to heavy rainfall and floods in the major rivers of the state.

*In Bihar, the breach of support embankments of river Gandhak has resulted in the flooding of thirty-five villages in Gopalganj and Siwan districts.

*In Uttarakhand, close to half a million people in 369 villages across the state have been affected.  A number of roads including national highways have been damaged or blocked due to landslides.

*FLOODING

*According to the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment, the number of flood events in all the continents(except Australia) have steadily increased in the last 50 years. In which Asia is most adversely affected by floods.

What are its natural factors ?

Distance From the Sea El Nino

Direction of the Wind

Relief Ocean Currents

Distance From Equator

*Causes

What people do the think?

At the local level: Overflow of Yamuna river due to excess rain in Delhi.

What is the actual reason?

At the local level:

The actual reason of floods in our locality is the lack of proper drainage system. Otherwise, in the presence of proper drainage system the flood water would not be able reach our locality. It would seep away through the drainage pipes.

*Causes

What people do the think?

At the regional level: Delhi: Overflow of Yamuna river due to the excess water release from the Dam Hathnikund Barrage.

What is the actual reason?

At the regional level:The actual reason is the excess and extended rainfall in Delhi and Yamuna Nagar district, Haryana (the district of Hathikund barrage).Due to the excess and extended rainfall the authorities are forced to release water which gives a rise to Yamuna causing flood in the low lying areas of Delhi.

*CausesWhat do the people think?

At the national level: • Excess rainfall• Sudden release of

water from reservoirs • Cyclonic disturbances

(at coasts)

What is the actual reason?

At the national level : • Disturbed monsoon pattern:

Floods activities have steadily increased in the last few decades due to the human interference in the monsoon patterns. Monsoon has become more unpredictable due to the interference in the atmospheric pressure caused by green house emissions.

• Ground cover: The movement of slides beneath the earth’s crust is a major cause for flooding. It leads to tsunamis. It is a natural cause for floods to occur.

*CausesWhat do the people think?

At the national level: • Excess rainfall• Sudden release of

water from reservoirs • Cyclonic disturbances

(at coasts)

What is the actual reason?

At the national level : • Landslides: It leads to

obstruction of flow and change in the river course. This can be seen in the mountain regions particularly near Himalayas

• Drainage Failure: There are unauthorised colonies made by the local people on open land without considering city plans, drainage etc. and thus are subject to flooding during rainy seasons

*CONSEQUENCES:

Flooding in both the levels national and international is very threatening and dangerous.

It has an impact on the life of humans, economy, infrastructure and wealth of a nation.

ECONOMY :

*Floods cause huge economic loss. It damages hundreds of buildings, lakes and leaves many people homeless.

*After flooding govt. has to put input for many resources for aiding or reconstruction e.g. police force,

*Aid workers etc. This causes huge loss to the society.

*Environment

*Flooding will lead to damages of road, collapse of bridges and traffic congestion which may effect the daily operation.

*Flooding causes too much water which will harm the farmland.

*Humans

*Flood causes huge number of injuries and deaths. Every year around billions of people die all around the world. In 1996, the monsoon floods in India affected more than 5 million people in northern and eastern parts of the country. Many were left homeless and starved.

*Those people who work on daily basis are immensely affected by the floods.

*Due to shortage of supply of goods and huge demand the price level rises, this causes problems for the common man to buy the goods.

*Flooding usually brings infectious diseases e.g. plague, dysentery, common cold, fever etc. And for those areas where there is no electricity supply, food poisoning may occur as food may not be properly frozen.

*COUNTER MEASURES

*Steps taken to avoid flooding and tackle with them at both national and international level.

*De-silting, cleaning of roads, bell mouth, gullies, removal of debris from all drains should be coordinated.

*The committee concerned should make sure that all the drains are cleaned before monsoon.

*Construction of embankments, detention reservoirs- By these measures, a catchment area can be treated through reduction in flood volumes or pattern of flows or attempts to alter weather modification.

*Actions should be designed to reduce the vulnerability of property and other developmental activities in the flood plains to the flood hazards.

*Floods forecasting and warnings programmes should be commenced.

*COUNTER MEASURES*COUNTER MEASURES AT THE INDIVIDUAL

LEVEL (HOUSEHOLD AND SCHOOL LEVEL)• An individual should get flood insurance to reduce the loss burden at the time of floods. The ministry of agriculture in India has initiated crop insurance in flood prone areas.

• BEFORE THE FLOODS: 1.Flood insurance policy for house should be procured. To have a disaster plan and to prepare a disaster supply kit for home and car. To include a first aid kit, canned food, bottled water, battery-operated radio, flashlight, protective clothing and written instructions on how to turn off electricity, gas, and water.

*COUNTER MEASURES

*ARCHITECTURAL SOLUTIONS

Surface run-off in densely populated areas where open areas cannot be left should be taken to the lakes. At the city level, water park should be planned to collect extra run-off and maintain the aquatic life and water level.

A CHANGE FOR THE ………….EXISTENCE

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