Click on a lesson name to select. Mammals Section 1: Mammalian Characteristics Section 2: Diversity of Mammals.
Dec 19, 2015
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Mammals
Section 1: Mammalian Characteristics
Section 2: Diversity of Mammals
Hair and Mammary Glands
Two characteristics that distinguish members of class Mammalia from other vertebrate animals are hair and mammary glands.
Mammalian Characteristics
MammalsSection 1
MammalsSection 1
Functions of Hair
1. Insulation
Mammals
2. Camouflage
3. Sensory devices
4. Waterproofing
5. Signaling
6. Defense
Mammalian Characteristics
Section 1
Other Characteristics
Endothermy
Mammals
Source of body heat is internal.
Heat is produced by a high metabolic rate.
Body temperature is regulated by internal feedback mechanisms.
Mammalian Characteristics
Section 1
Feeding and Digestion
Daily intake of food is used to generate heat to maintain a constant body temperature.
Mammals
Mammalian Characteristics
Section 1
Mammals
Mammalian Characteristics
Section 1
MammalsSection 1
Trophic Categories
1. Insectivores
Mammals
2. Herbivores
3. Carnivores
4. Omnivores
Mammalian Characteristics
Section 1
Teeth
Reveal the life habits of a mammal
Mammals
Carnivores use canines to stab and premolars to slice and shear meat.
Incisors of insectivores are long and curved, functioning as pincers in seizing insect prey.
Mammalian Characteristics
Section 1
Excretion
Kidneys excrete or retain the proper amount of water in body fluids.
Mammals
Enables mammals to live in extreme environments
Mammalian Characteristics
Section 1
Mammals
Respiration
High levels of oxygen are required to maintain a high level of metabolism.
Mammals
Mammals are the only animals that have a diaphragm.
Mammalian Characteristics
Section 1
Circulation
Mammals require a consistent supply of nutrients and oxygen to maintain homeostasis.
Mammals
Keeping oxygenated and deoxygenated blood separate makes the delivery of nutrients and oxygen more efficient.
Mammalian Characteristics
Section 1
The Brain and Senses Mammals have highly developed brains.
Mammals
Cerebral cortex is responsible for coordinating conscious activities, memory, and the ability to learn.
Cerebellum is responsible for balance and coordinating movement.
Mammalian Characteristics
Section 1
Complex Behavior
Senses
Mammals
The importance of the senses varies from one group of mammals to the next.
Glands A system of glands secretes a variety of
fluids that helps to regulate a mammal’s internal environment.
Mammalian Characteristics
Section 1
Reproduction
In mammals, the egg is fertilized internally.
Mammals
Development of the embryo takes place in the female uterus.
Movement
Mammals must find food, shelter, and escape from predators.
Mammalian Characteristics
Section 1
Mammal Classification
Monotremes
Diversity of Mammals
Mammals
Marsupials
Placental mammals
Section 2
Mammals
Monotremes
Reproduce by laying eggs
Duck-billed platypus
Echidna
Diversity of Mammals
Section 2
Marsupials
Very short period of development in the uterus
Mammals
Crawl into a pouch made of skin and hair and continue development while being nourished by milk from the mother’s mammary glands
Diversity of Mammals
Section 2
Placental Mammals
Give birth to young that do not need further development within a pouch
Mammals
Represented by 18 orders
Diversity of Mammals
Section 2
Mammals
Diversity of Mammals
Section 2
MammalsSection 2
Table 30.2 Order of Placental Mammals
Evolution of Mammals
Mammals
Diversity of Mammals
Section 2
Therapsids
A therapsid is an extinct vertebrate with both mammalian and reptilian features.
Mammals
Pair of holes in the roof of the skull that allowed for the attachment of jaw muscles
Limbs positioned beneath their bodies
Might have been endotherms
Diversity of Mammals
Section 2
Mammals
Chapter Resource Menu
Chapter Diagnostic Questions
Formative Test Questions
Chapter Assessment Questions
Standardized Test Practice
Glencoe Biology Transparencies
Image Bank
Vocabulary
AnimationClick on a hyperlink to view the corresponding feature.
Chapter
connected.mcgraw-hill.com
1. A2. B3. C4. D
CDQ 1
Name the term that refers to a mammal’s ability to produce heat internally.
A. endoderm
B. endothermy
C. ectoderm
D. ectothermy
Mammals
Chapter Diagnostic Questions
Chapter
1. A2. B3. C4. D
CDQ 2
Mammals
Chapter Diagnostic Questions
What classification of mammals reproduces by laying eggs?
A. marsupial
B. placental mammal
C. monotreme
D. therapsid
Chapter
1. A2. B3. C4. D
CDQ 3
Mammals
Chapter Diagnostic Questions
A mammal’s period of gestation refers to what?
A. amount of time the young stays with its herdB. amount of time the young stays in the uterusC. amount of time the young drinks its mother’s
milkD. amount of time for the young to mature enough
to reproduce
Chapter
1. A2. B3. C4. D
FQ 1
Mammals
Which characteristics distinguish mammals from other vertebrates?
A. kidneys and a cloacaB. mammary glands and hairC. a high metabolic rate and limbsD. a four-chambered heart and
endothermy
Section 1 Formative Questions
Chapter
1. A2. B3. C4. D
FQ 2
Mammals
What is the tough, fibrous protein that makes up hair, nails, claws, and hooves?
A. urea
B. keratin
C. cellulose
D. collagen
Chapter
Section 1 Formative Questions
1. A2. B3. C4. D
FQ 3
Mammals
What is the source of body heat for mammals?
A. hibernation
B. insulation
C. metabolism
D. respiration
Chapter
Section 1 Formative Questions
1. A2. B3. C4. D
FQ 4
Mammals
Which part of the brain is more highly developed in mammals than in otheranimals?
A. cerebrum
B. hypothalamus
C. medulla
D. optic lobe
Chapter
Section 1 Formative Questions
1. A2. B3. C4. D
FQ 5
Mammals
What is a group of cells that secretes fluid to be used elsewhere in the body?
A. a bladder
B. a duct
C. a gland
D. an organ
Chapter
Section 1 Formative Questions
1. A2. B3. C4. D
FQ 6
Mammals
Which mammals have reptilian features, such as laying eggs?
A. cetaceans
B. marsupials
C. monotremes
D. sirenians
Chapter
Section 2 Formative Questions
1. A2. B3. C4. D
FQ 7
Mammals
Which mammals use their two pairs of razor-sharp incisor teeth to gnaw through wood, seed pods, or shells to get food?
A. artiodactyls
B. insectivores
C. lagomorphs
D. rodents
Chapter
Section 2 Formative Questions
1. A2. B3. C4. D
FQ 8
Mammals
Which animals are cetaceans?
A. deer and goats
B. moles and shrews
C. dolphins and whales
D. manatees and dugongs
Chapter
Section 2 Formative Questions
1. A2. B3. C4. D
FQ 9
Mammals
Why did mammals undergo extraordinary adaptations to the environment after the disappearance of dinosaurs?
A. They had new niches available to them.B. They were able to survive the ice age.C. They were no longer prey to dinosaurs.D. They no longer competed with dinosaurs.
Chapter
Section 2 Formative Questions
1. A2. B
CAQ 1
Mammals
The graph shows that large animals such as elephants have a high metabolic rate.
A. TrueB. False
Chapter Assessment Questions
Chapter
1. A2. B3. C4. D
CAQ 2
Mammals
Chapter Assessment Questions
Select the mammal that is a member of the order Chiroptera.
A. hedgehog
B. ape
C. anteater
D. bat
Chapter
Compare the digestive tracts of the deer and the fox. Infer why the deer’s digestive tract is so much longer.
Answer: It takes longer and is more difficultto digest plant material than meat.
Mammals
Chapter Assessment Questions
CAQ 3
Chapter
1. A2. B
STP 1
Mammals
Which animal eats the least amount of food as a percentage of its body mass?
A. elephant
B. shrew
Standardized Test Practice
Chapter
1. A2. B3. C4. D
STP 2
Mammals
Standardized Test Practice
A. Its body loses heat quickly.
B. It has a short digestive tract.
C. It carries out complex behavior.
D. It produces milk for its offspring.
Why is a high metabolic rate necessary for the shrew’s survival?
Chapter
1. A2. B3. C4. D
STP 3
Mammals
Standardized Test Practice
How does a herbivore’s digestive tract compare to the digestive tract of this carnivore? An herbivore will have…
A. a shorter digestive tract and a smaller cecum.
B. a shorter digestive tract and a larger cecum.
C. a longer digestive tract and a larger cecum.
D. a longer digestive tract and a smaller cecum.
Chapter
1. A2. B3. C4. D
STP 4
Mammals
Standardized Test Practice
How do ruminants benefit from havingbacteria in their stomachs?
A. They can be omnivorous.
B. They can digest meat.
C. They can filter urea.
D. They can process cellulose.
Chapter
1. A2. B3. C4. D
STP 5
Mammals
Standardized Test Practice
Which teeth are more highly developed in a mountain lion?
A. canines
B. incisors
C. molars
D. premolars
Chapter
1. A2. B3. C4. D
STP 6
Mammals
Standardized Test Practice
What is believed to have caused the isolation of marsupials’ ancestors to Australia and nearby islands?
A. adaptive radiation
B. continental drift
C. habitat destruction
D. reproductive isolation
Chapter
1. A2. B3. C4. D
STP 7
Mammals
Standardized Test Practice
What competitive adaptive advantage do placental mammals have over marsupials?
A. a more highly developed digestive systemB. a pair of holes in the roof of the skullC. limbs positioned beneath their bodiesD. more highly evolved social behavior
Chapter
Glencoe Biology Transparencies
MammalsChapter
Image Bank
MammalsChapter
mammary gland
diaphragm
cerebral cortex
cerebellum
gland
uterus
placenta
gestation
Mammals
Vocabulary
Section 1
Section 1
monotreme
marsupial
placental mammal
therapsid
Mammals
Vocabulary
Section 2
Section 2
Mammals
Animation
Visualizing the Digestive Systems of
Mammals
Chapter
MammalsChapter
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