Feb 11, 2016
Slide 1
Classifying Matter:Substances & MixturesMatterWhat is matterAnything that has mass AND takes up space
Solids, Liquids, Gases, and PlasmaWhat is NOT MatterTypes of energy: heat, light, sound, electrical and electromagnetic
Types of forces: gravitational and magnetic
Lesson 1: Substances and MixturesWhat is Matter Made of?All matter is made up of particles called Atoms.
The different ways atoms combine with each other help us identify different types of matter.
Matter is organized into 2 main groups:Pure Substances Mixtures
Pure SubstancesMatter with a composition that is always the same is a pure substance.
Pure substances can be:ElementsCompounds
Elements
CompoundsElementsPure substance composed of a single type of atom.
Elements cannot be separated into simpler substance by physical or chemical means.
CompoundsPure substances composed of two or more different elements joined by chemical bonds. Made of elements in a specific ratio that is always the sameHas a chemical formulaCan only be separated by chemical means, not physically
H2OCO2NaClPractice with types of substances: elements and compoundsExplain which of these are elements and which are compounds:
1. Hydrogen2. Water (H2O)3. Carbon4. Carbon Dioxide (CO2)Practice with elements and compoundsExplain which of these are elements and which are compounds:
1. Hydrogen (H) ELEMENT2. Water (H2O) COMPOUND3. Carbon ( C) ELEMENT4. Carbon Dioxide (CO2) COMPOUNDMoleculesA MOLECULE is two or more atoms that are bonded and act as a unit . . . .
Examples are most compounds like H2O (water) , CO2 (carbon dioxide gas), CH4 (methane gas)
MixturesA combination of two or more pure substances that are not chemically combined.substances held together by physical forces, not chemical No chemical change takes place Each item retains its properties in the mixture They can be separated physically
HOMOGENEOUS MIXTURESA mixture in which 2 or more substances are evenly mixed but not bonded together. (Solution)You cannot see the different parts and therefore seem to be a single substance.Ex: Salt water (liquid)Dry air: Oxygen & Nitrogen (gas)Brass- Zinc & Copper (solid)
HETEROGENEOUS MIXTURESA mixture in which 2 or more substances are not evenly mixed. Suspensions: the particles are much larger than solutions and eventually settle out.Can be stirred or shaken to mixEx: salad dressingbloodsnow globe
HETEROGENEOUS MIXTURESColloids: the particles are smaller than suspension but larger than particles in a solutionParticles do not settle outEx: Clouds ,Whip cream ,Gelatin , Fog & Smoke, Paint ,Ink , Pearls,OpalsColloids can be distinguished from solutions using the Tyndall effect- a beam of light passing through a solution is visible because light is reflected or scattered by the particles in the colloid.
Can you identify the following?You will be shown a series of photos. Tell if each photo represents an item composed of an element, compound, or mixture.Review:An element contains just one type of atom. A compound contains two or more different atoms joined together. A mixture contains two or more different substances that are only physically joined together, not chemically.A mixture can contain both elements and compounds.
Element, Compound, or Mixture?Rocks
Element, Compound, or Mixture?Rocks
Element, Compound, or Mixture?Copper
Element, Compound, or Mixture?Copper
CuElement, Compound, or Mixture?Jelly Beans
Element, Compound, or Mixture?Jelly Beans
Element, Compound, or Mixture?Table Sugar
Element, Compound, or Mixture?Table Sugar
C12H22O11Element, Compound, or Mixture?Diamond
Element, Compound, or Mixture?Diamond
CElement, Compound, or Mixture?Tea
Element, Compound, or Mixture?Tea
Element, Compound, or Mixture?Salt
Element, Compound, or Mixture?Salt
NaClElement, Compound, or Mixture?Neon Gas
Element, Compound, or Mixture?Neon Gas
NeElement, Compound, or Mixture?Salad
Element, Compound, or Mixture?Salad
Element, Compound, or Mixture?Pure Water
Element, Compound, or Mixture?Pure Water
H2OElement, Compound, or Mixture?Aluminum
Element, Compound, or Mixture?Aluminum
AlElement, Compound, or Mixture?Lemonade
Element, Compound, or Mixture?Lemonade
Element, Compound, or Mixture?Silver
Element, Compound, or Mixture?SilverAgElement, Compound, or Mixture?Sand
Element, Compound, or Mixture?Sand
NotesDetailed notes are located at:http://www.middleschoolscience.com/elements-compounds-mixtures-notes-isn.pdf
Flow Chart:http://www.middleschoolscience.com/matter-flow-chart-isn.pdf