Classification of law - Legal Environment of business

Classification of LawLegal Environment of Business

Prepared By Manu Melwin Joy

Assistant ProfessorIlahia School of Management Studies

Kerala, India.Phone – 9744551114

Mail – [email protected]

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Classification of Laws

1. Pubic and Private Law.

2. Civil and Criminal Law.

3. National and International Law.

4. Statute and Common Law.

5. General and Special Law.

6. Natural and physical Law.

Public Law

Public Law is concerned with the legal relation between the state and the individuals. All laws relating to the distribution and exercise of power by the state are the part of public law.

Public Law

The aim of public law is promotion of social objectives and the protection of collective interest of individuals. The criminal law, constitutional law and administrative law are examples of public law.

Private Law

Private Law is that part of the law which determines relationship between individuals in their ordinary private capabilities. The primary purpose of private laws is the protection of individual interests. The law of contracts, the law of property, torts etc are various forms of private law.

Criminal Law

Criminal Law means law

relating to crime. It deals with

offences and their

punishments. One of the major

objectives of the Criminal Law

is to punish the wrong doer for

action which is deemed to be

contrary to the interests of the

state and its citizens.

Civil Law

Civil Law provides remedies to

individual victims, which are

recognized by statutes or

decided cases. The Civil Law

creates a framework which

delivers the rights and

obligations of individuals in

their dealings with one

another.

National Law

National Laws refer to

internal legal rules of the

country.

International Law

International Law is a

body of rules which are

regarded as legally

binding on their

relationship with other

nations.

Statute Law

Law laid down in the Acts

of Parliament or

Assemblies are known as

Statute Laws. Bill

proposed in the

parliament becomes acts.

Common Law

Common Law consists of those

principles, usages and rules of

action applicable to the

Government, Security of persons

and of property. Common Law of

Hindus regarding marriage,

succession of property etc are

made statutory law by bringing

necessary changes.

General Law

General Laws are those

laws applicable to all

persons and things in a

country. They have

general applications.

Special Laws

Special Laws are applicable only to certain special circumstances. Local Law, Marital Law, Conventional Law etc are some special Laws.

Natural lawBy natural Law is meant the principles of natural right and wrong. Natural Law is considered to be the highest reason implanted by nature which commands what ought to be done and forbids the opposite.

Physical Law

Physical Laws are those laws which describe the general nature and principles according to which the physical phenomenon acts under given conditions.

• Classification of law