1 Minerals and Minerals and Igneous Rocks Igneous Rocks Lecture 8 Lecture 8 Classification of Igneous Rocks Classification of Igneous Rocks Streckheisen classification is based on only three minerals: Quartz, Plagioclase, Potassium Feldspar Other minerals are important for the full description of igneous rocks: Olivine, Pyroxene, Hornblende, Biotite and Muscovite Bowen Bowen ’ ’ s Reaction Series s Reaction Series
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1
Min
era
ls a
nd
Min
era
ls a
nd
Ign
eo
us R
ocks
Ign
eo
us R
ocks
Lectu
re 8
Lectu
re 8
Cla
ssific
ation o
f Ig
neous R
ocks
Cla
ssific
ation o
f Ig
neous R
ocks
Str
eckheis
en
cla
ssific
atio
n is b
ased o
n o
nly
th
ree m
inera
ls:
Quart
z,
Pla
gio
cla
se,
Pota
ssiu
m F
eld
spar
Oth
er
min
era
ls a
re im
port
ant
for
the f
ull
description o
f ig
neo
us
rocks:
Oliv
ine,
Pyro
xe
ne,
Horn
ble
nd
e,
Bio
tite
and M
uscovite
Bow
en
Bow
en
’’ s R
eaction S
eries
s R
eaction S
eries
2
Bow
en
Bow
en
’’ s R
eaction S
eries
s R
eaction S
eries
Dis
continuo
us S
eries
Bow
en
Bow
en
’’ s R
eaction S
eries
s R
eaction S
eries
Contin
uous S
eries
Dunite
Dunite
Ultra
mafic
Rock
Cum
ula
te…
Oliv
ine s
inks t
o b
ott
om
of
magm
a c
ham
ber
because it
is d
enser
than
the m
agm
a
Oliv
ine G
ab
bro
and B
asalt
Oliv
ine G
ab
bro
and B
asalt
What
if o
livin
e is n
ot
able
to s
ett
le (
not
enoug
h t
ime,
curr
ents
keep m
ixin
g)?
What
is o
ther
min
era
ls w
ou
ld y
ou e
xpect
to f
ind w
ith t
he o
livin
e?
3
Bow
en
Bow
en
’’ s R
eaction S
eries
s R
eaction S
eries
What
wo
uld
be
the n
ext
min
era
l to
form
? W
hat
rock w
ould
it
make?
Coro
na G
ab
bro
Coro
na G
ab
bro
Wh
y a
re a
ll of
the o
livin
es
(gre
en)
surr
oun
ded b
y a
rim
of
pyro
xe
ne (
bro
wn
)?
Augite
Augite
Gab
bro
Gab
bro
Ho
w d
id t
his
gabbro
form
?
Oliv
ine G
ab
bro
and B
asalt
Oliv
ine G
ab
bro
and B
asalt
What
min
era
ls w
ould
you n
ot
expect
to f
ind in a
gabbro
?
Horn
ble
nde? Q
uart
z? S
tauro
lite?
Wh
y?
4
Min
era
ls in B
asalt a
nd G
abbro
Min
era
ls in B
asalt a
nd G
abbro
Quart
z a
nd o
livin
e c
an
not
exis
t in
the
sam
e r
ock…
The
y w
ou
ld r
eact
to
form
ort
hop
yro
xe
ne.
This
is t
he b
asis
for
cla
ssific
ation o
f
mafic igne
ous r
ocks
Bow
en
Bow
en
’’ s R
eaction S
eries
s R
eaction S
eries
Bow
en
Bow
en
’’ s R
eaction S
eries
s R
eaction S
eries
What
wo
uld
be
the n
ext
min
era
l to
form
? W
hat
rock w
ould
it
make?
Dio
rite
Dio
rite
Intr
usiv
e r
ock c
om
pose
d o
f pla
gio
cla
se,
horn
ble
nde,
and s
om
etim
es b
iotite
5
Andesite
Andesite
Andesite
is t
he
volc
anic
equiv
ale
nt
of
a d
iori
te.
It is a
rock c
om
posed o
f pla
gio
cla
se,
horn
ble
nde,
and s
om
etim
es b
iotite
What
com
positio
n w
ould
the p
lagio
cla
se b
e?
Bow
en
Bow
en
’’ s R
eaction S
eries
s R
eaction S
eries
Gra
nite
Gra
nite
Gra
nite is a
rock c
om
posed o
f pla
gio
cla
se,
po
tassiu
m f
eld
sp
ar,
quart
z,
and m
uscovite a
nd/o
r bio
tite
What
com
positio
n w
ould
the p
lagio
cla
se b
e?
Rhyolit
eR
hyolit
e
Rh
yolit
eis
the v
olc
an
ic e
qu
ivale
nt
of
gra
nite
What
min
era
ls o
ther
than q
uart
z a
nd f
eld
spar
mig
ht
yo
u e
xp
ect
tofind?
What
min
era
ls w
ould
you n
ot
expect
to f
ind?
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