Classical Art Greece and Rome 1300B.C.-500A.D.. Roman Art The Organizers The poet Horace noted the irony: “Conquered Greece,” he wrote. “took her rude.

Classical Art

Greece and Rome

1300B.C.-500A.D.

Roman ArtThe Organizers

The poet Horace noted the irony: “Conquered Greece,” he wrote. “took her rude captor captive.”

Later, however, Romans put their own spin on Greek art and philosophy. Having founded the greatest empire the world had ever known, they added managerial talents: organization and efficiency. Roman art is less idealized and more intellectual than Classical Greek, more secular and functional. And, where the Greeks shined at innovation, the Romans’ forte was administration. Wherever their generals marched, they brought the civilizing influence of law and the practical benefits of roads, bridges, sewers, and aqueducts.

Do you recognize this picture?

What do you know about the Romans?

Objectives

Identify the inspiration behind much of roman architecture and art.

Identify the differences between Greek and Roman art

List some of the innovations of the Romans

Identify some examples of Roman art and architecture

Behavioral Expectation

•Raise your hand to make a comment or ask a question

•No side conversations, please

•Active listening

Where in the world is Rome?

Roman Art

• The Romans became the heirs to Greek art but made important contributions of their own

• Shading, shadow, reflected light

• Portraiture

• First to use the Arch

• First to use the concrete

Differences between Greek and Roman Art

• The Greeks preferred Idealistic portraits: the Romans wanted theirs to be realistic.

• Greek portraits were designed for public monuments; Roman portraits served private needs.

• The Romans thought the character could best be depicted through facial expressions; the Greeks thought a sculpture of a head or bust (head and shoulders) is incomplete.

Cato and Portia

Aphrodite

Review

Greek Idealized conformed to the perfect proportion.

Roman

realistic

portrait

Mural painting

• Wealthy Romans lived in luxurious homes with marble walls and mosaics on the floors and numerous works of art

• They did not like to hang paintings on the walls so they hired artists to paint murals.

• A mural is a large picture painted directly on the wall.

Bedroom from the Villa of P. Fannius Synistor

Pompeii

Pompeii

Roman Innovations

The Baker and his Wife

Roman ArchitectureInnovations

• The round arch was an improvement on post and lintel construction because it allowed a wider space to be bridged.

• An arch needs the support of another arch or wall to prevent it from collapsing, for this reason the Romans created a series of smaller arches to replace the single large arch

• Concrete had been used in the near East for some time but the Romans were the first to make extensive use of it.

• The arch + concrete + large scale buildings

Roman arch

• An arch is made of a number of cut stones or bricks.

• Arches were constructed by holding stones in place with a wooden form until a keystone, or top stone of the arch could be placed in position

Domes

• Wherever the Roman legions went, they introduced the arch and the use of concrete in architecture. With these they constructed great domes and vaults over their buildings.

Pantheon

•Made of brick and concrete

•Diameter of dome is 144 feet

•3 zones

the lowest has 7 niches(recesses

in the wall)

next 12 signs of the zodiac

the dome represents heaven and

is covered with coffers, or

indented panels. The coffers

reduce the weight of the wall.

•Well illuminated through a round opening at the top (30 ft. across)

•To solve the problem posed by rain the floor is raised slightly in the center/ formed shallow depression directly under the opening creates a drainage system to carry the water away.

PANTHEON

Aqueducts

• Aqueducts demonstrate the Romans’ ability to combine engineering skills with a knowledge of architectural form.

• An aqueduct, a system that carried water from mountain streams into cities by using gravitational flow, was constructed by placing a series of arches next to each other so they would support each other.

Roman Aqueducts

2 types of Vaults

• The Barrel Vault: a series of arches.

• The groin vault: two intersecting arches.

The colosseum

•4 stories of stone, brick and concrete

•Holes between pilasters for poles which supported a canvas awning to protect spectators form sun and rain

•Top level Corinthian pilasters , flat, rectangular columns attached to a wall

•Corinthian columns

•2nd level Ionic columns

•Lowest level, Doric

•Arch on 1st 3 levels

Constantine

• Legalized Christianity• Moved the Capital of Rome from

Rome to Byzantium.• He changed the name from

Byzantium to Constantinople.

Lesson Quiz 9-2

Match each item in the left column with the correct description in the right column

1. Baths

2.groin vault

3. Pilasters

4. Niches

5. Coffers

6. Basilica

7. Nave

8. Apse

9. triumphal arch

A. recesses in a wallB. a heavily decorated arch used

for processions after a n important victory

C. indented panelsD. a functional building made to

hold large numbers of peopleE. Flat, rectangular columns

attached to a wallF. a long, wide center aisle inside

a basilicaG. when two barrel vaults meet

at right anglesH. enclosed structures that

contained libraries, lecture rooms, gymnasiums, shop, and walkways

i. the semicircular area at the end of the nave.

Assignment 3/20

• Trace egg shape on paper• Cut out• Decorate using your choice of the

following media: markers, colored pencils, water color, construction paper

• How to draw sheets on rabbits, chicks, lambs, and birds available

Happy

Easter!!!