Class 08 greek art-part ii

For the Glory of the Deities, Warriors, and Athletes

Part II

Art and Architecture of Ancient GreeceClass 08

Sculpture- Human Figure:Archaic Period (625 480 BC)

Began in proto-geometric and geometric periods ? Made votive figures using clay

Archaic period

Nude male (kouros) Well-dressed female (kore)

Ancient Greeks - no obsession with the afterlife.

Mostly concerned with the comfort of their earthly

existence.

Often sought to immortalize their own actions and beliefs

through art.

Attitude towards secularism and the focus on ones' self as

a living being paved the way for the development of

classical Greek thought which in turn became the

foundation of the western civilization as it developed to our

day.

Kore (Phrasikleia) by Ariston of Paros and Kouros,

lifesize, circa 550 B.C.

Found in a pit at Merenda in Attica in 1972. •

Archaic Sculpture

Kore from Chios

All of the Kouros (male) and Kore (female) statues

represent;

state sponsored subjects or

designed as decorations of religious buildings, or

as immortal reminders of the virtues of a

--deceased.

Archaic Sculpture Calf Bearer (Maschophorus) c. 560

Kouros from Anavysos530 BC

Kroisos

•

• KourosMarble, lifesize, circa 540 B.C.Found at the cemetery of AnavysosOn the base a verse was carved:

• "Stand and grieve at the tomb of Kroisos the dead,in the front line slain by the wild Ares"

•

• KourosLifesize, circa 550 B.C.From the island of Melos

•

• Aristodikos, Marble, circa 500 B.C. 1.95m tall

The name Aristodikos is carved at the statue's base.This Kouros has short hair and the hands are not attached to the sides of the body. The statue with its more rounded, less stylized characteristics, and with its light pose (it is not as "stiff" as other kouroi,) represents a forward step in the development of art, and prepares the ground for the eventual move towards classical sculpture.

.

Terracotta sculpture Zeus and Ganymede ¾ th of lifesize 500-475 BC. AMO

Charioteer (c.470 BC)Kritian Boy (c. 480 BC)

Severe Style

Harmodius and Aristogeiton byKritios and Nesiotes477/76 BC

Set up in Athens to mark the overthrow of the tyranny were said to be the first public monuments to actual people.

Architecture –Sanctuaries

Depended heavily in the use of column and lintel as the basic constructional elements

Favored rectangular of circular plan

Began the use of marbles as the material for walls and columns

Development of Greek

Architecture

Parthenon

Orders of Greek architecture

Two main styles (or "orders): Doric and the Ionic.

The names were used by the Greeks themselves.

Reflects their belief that the styles descended from the

Dorian and Ionian Greeks of the Dark Ages.

This is unlikely to be true.

The Doric style was used in mainland Greece and spread

from there to the Greek colonies in Italy.

Ionic style : used in the cities of Ionia (now the west

coast of Turkey) and some of the Aegean islands.

More relaxed and decorative.

Doric style : more formal and austere.

Corinthian style : More ornate. A later development of

the Ionic.

These styles are best known through the three orders of

column capitals, but there are differences in most points

of design and decoration between the orders

Three Orders of Greek Architecture

Temple of Artemis, Korkya (600-580)

Parthenon

Propelaea

The Temple of Hephaistos at Athens, late 5th century BC.

The Erectheon, Acropolis of Athens, late 5th century BC.

Erechtheon – Caryated Figures (421-405)

Sanctuary of Apollo at Delphi

Architectural SculptureReconstruction drawing of the east pediment of the Temple of Aphaia, Aegina.

C. 490 BC

Architectural Sculpture

Poseidon