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Electric Circuit1

241-205

Computer Engineering Circuits

Voltage Current and Resistance

DK 

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Electric Circuit2

Chapter 2

Voltage Current and Resistance

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Electric Circuit3

OUTLINE

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Electric Circuit4

Atomic Structure

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Electric Circuit5

Atomic Structure

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Electric Circuit6

Atomic Structure

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Electric Circuit7

Atomic Structure

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Electric Circuit8

Atomic Structure

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Electric Circuit9

Atomic Structure

•> 29 Electrons

•> Orbit the nucleus in four shells

•> 1 valence electron

The valence Electrons of copper are not bound to the given atom butfree to move. Free electrons make copper an excellent conductor .

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Electric Circuit10

Categories of Materials

Conductors

One to three valence electrons : Silver, Copper …

Semiconductors

Four valence electrons : Silicon and germanium.

Insulators

More than four valence electrons.

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Electric Circuit11

Electrical ChargeElectrical charge (Q) : an electrical property of matter that

exists because of an excess or deficiency of electrons.

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Electric Circuit12

Electrical Charge

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Electric Circuit13

Electrical Charge

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Electric Circuit14

Electrical Charge

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Electric Circuit15

Positive and Negative Charge

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Electric Circuit16

Voltage, Current and Resistance

Voltage

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Electric Circuit17

Current

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Electric Circuit18

Current

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Electric Circuit19

Current

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Electric Circuit20

Resistance

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Electric Circuit21

Conductance

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Electric Circuit22

Voltage And Current Source

Voltage Source Ideal Voltage Source

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Electric Circuit23

Voltage Source

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Electric Circuit24

Voltage Source

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Electric Circuit25

Voltage Source

 Electronics Power Supply

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Electric Circuit26

Current Source

 Ideal Current Source

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Electric Circuit27

Resistor

Fixed Resistors

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Electric Circuit28

Resistor

Cutaway view of Resistors

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Electric Circuit29

Resistor

Resistor Color Code

 A B C D

Value of Resistor = AB x 10C±D% Ohm

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Electric Circuit30

Resistor

Resistor Color Code

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Electric Circuit31

Resistor Color Code

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Electric Circuit32

Resistor

Five-band Color CodeFor precision resistors with tolerances of 1%, 2% or less

 A B C D E

Value of Resistor = ABC x 10D±E% Ohm

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Electric Circuit33

Five-band Color Code

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Electric Circuit34

Resistor Label Code

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Electric Circuit35

Variable Resistor

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Electric Circuit36

Variable Resistor

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Electric Circuit37

Variable Resistor

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Electric Circuit38

Th El t i Ci it

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Electric Circuit 39

The Electric Circuit

Basic Circuit

B i Ci it

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Electric Circuit 40

Basic Circuit

Ci it C t C t l

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Electric Circuit 41

Circuit Current Control

Ci it C t C t l

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Electric Circuit 42

Circuit Current Control

Circuit Current Control

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Electric Circuit 43

Circuit Current Control

Switch Type

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Electric Circuit 44

Switch Type

Several Varieties of Mechanical Switches

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Electric Circuit 45

Several Varieties of Mechanical Switches

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Electric Circuit 46

Semiconductor Switches

Protective Devices

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Electric Circuit 47

Protective Devices

Wires

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Electric Circuit 48

Wires

• AWG : American Wire Gauge

• Cross-sectional area : Circular mil (CM) , one circular mil is the area

of a wire with a diameter of 0.001 inch or 1/1000 Inch (1 mil)

Wires

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Electric Circuit 49

Wires Resistance

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Electric Circuit 50

Wires Resistance

Wires Resistance

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Electric Circuit 51

Wires Resistance

Ground

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Electric Circuit 52

Ground

Example of using grounds in a circuit application

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Electric Circuit 53

Example of using grounds in a circuit application

Ground

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Electric Circuit 54

Ground

Basic Circuit measurements

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Electric Circuit 55

Basic Circuit measurements

Measuring Current

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Electric Circuit 56

g

Measuring Voltage

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Electric Circuit 57

g g

Measuring Resistance

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Electric Circuit 58

g

Summary

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Electric Circuit 59

y

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Electric Circuit 60