WASTEWATER: THE BEST HIDDEN ENERGY SOURCE IN CITIES A SLUDGE-TO-ENERGY CASE IN CHINA Integrated Urban Water Management at #CK2017, IHC New Delhi, India, 6 Apr 2017 DR. LIJIN ZHONG, CHINA WATER LEAD/SENIOR ASSOCIATE XIAOTIAN FU, ASSOCIATE, CHINA WATER
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CK2017: Wastewater: The Best Hidden Energy Source in Cities
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WASTEWATER: THE BEST HIDDEN ENERGY SOURCE IN CITIES
A SLUDGE-TO-ENERGY CASE IN CHINA
Integrated Urban Water Management at #CK2017, IHC New Delhi, India, 6 Apr 2017DR. LIJIN ZHONG, CHINA WATER LEAD/SENIOR ASSOCIATEXIAOTIAN FU, ASSOCIATE, CHINA WATER
INTEGRATED
INNOVATED
INTERCONNECTED
WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT IN CITIES: Integrated, Innovated, Interconnected
34% 52% 82% 92%
2000 2005 2010 2015
• Boom in wastewater production, wastewater treatment and sludge production
Wastewater generation in cities
Sludge productionTreated
wastewater in cities
Percentage of treated
wastewater Note: wastewater generation and treated wastewater was measured by million cubic meter; sludge production was measured by 10,000 ton (with 80% water content)Source: WRI estimate; China Wastewater Statistic Database, MOHURD
WASTEWATER CHALLENGE IN CHINA: Boom in Wastewater/Sludge Production
SLUDGE CRISES: Illegal Dumping of Sludge Gets Noticed
• Sludge from urban wastewater treatment plants has long been ignored in China. Big cities in China such as Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Hefei and etc. have all undergone pollution and crises caused by sludge being dumped at discretion
• Boom in production: 190 million tons municipal solid waste (MSW) and 40 million tons sludge produced in Chinese cities in 2015
• Inappropriate treatment: 70% MSW and sludge is still disposed at landfills or dumped directly in China
Waste or Resource?Incineration
Composting
Landfill
Thermal Hydrolysis
+Anaerobic Digestion
$$$
$$$
$$$
$$$
$$$
$$$
CNG Electricity
Biochar Planting trees
WASTE OR RESOURCES: A Choice
WASTEWATER-TO-ENERGY: A Case in China
• Capacity: 300tons/day (sludge and kitchen waste co-digestion)