Cisco Next Generation Carrier Ethernet System Technológie ...

Cisco Public © 2011 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 1

Štefan Kollár Consulting System Engineer, CCIE #10668 18. október 2012

Cisco Next Generation Carrier Ethernet System Technológie, produkty, architektúry a rôzne modely implementácií

© 2012 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public

The NGN Carrier Ethernet System Agenda

2

  NGN Carrier Ethernet System Architecture Overview   The Context of Broadband Forum’s TR-101 & MEF   NGN Carrier Ethernet System Architecture Details ‒ Building Blocks and Variants ‒ Service Delivery Models ‒ Network-based High Availability ‒ Scaling with Unified MPLS

  Summary   Q and A


Circuit to Packet Migration

  Massive change in SP traffic make-up in next 5 years*   SP revenue shifting from circuits to packet services** ‒ 5 yrs ~80% revenue derived from packet services

‒ Packet traffic increasing at 34% CAGR*** *ACG Research 2011, ** Cisco Research 2010, ***Cisco VNI 2011

90+% IP Traffic

Private Line TDM/OTN Traffic

Private/Public IP Traffic

2011

~30-‐50%

~50-‐70%*

2013 2016



20-‐30% 0─10%



70-‐80% 90+% Legacy TDM

Traffic

3


Subscriber

Business

Corporate

ResidenKal

ATM AggregaKon

Edge Core Access

Portal Subscriber Database

Monitoring Policy Billing

Policy and Service Control Plane (per subscriber)

Mobility

SDH

Mobile

OpKcal

L2SW

L2SW L2SW

L2SW

L2SW

L2SW

L1SW

SW

L1SW

L1SW

L2SE

Ethernet

OLT

DSLAM L2SE

L2SE

L2SE

L2SE L3SE

L3SE

BNG

L2SE

L0SW L0SW L0SW L0 W

Aggregation Edge Boundary

Access Aggregation Boundary

Ethernet AggregaKon

MPLS Ethernet Aggregation

ATM/FR networks capped and to be closed

SONET/SDH evolving to MPLS Ethernet and OTN

Access and Edge opPmized for MPLS

Ethernet

Service Provider Networks Evolution to Ethernet and MPLS

4


Cisco Carrier Ethernet Transport Architecture Technical Innovations

5

OAM Subsystem

IPoDWDM OpPcal Network

AggregaPon Node

AggregaPon Network MPLS/IP

Carrier Ethernet Aggregation!Access! Edge!

AggregaPon Node

AggregaPon Node

Ethernet Node

STB

VoD

Content Network

TV SIP

PON Node

DSLNode

Core Nodes

VoD

Content Network

TV SIP

EMS NMS Portal

AAA Service and Performance Mgmt DHCP, DNS

Multiservice Core!

Core Network IP / MPLS DistribuPon

Node

Corporate Business

Corporate Business

ResidenPal

STB

ResidenPal

AggregaPon Node

DistribuPon Node

Mobile

2G/3G/4G Node RAN Access Network

MPLS/IP

Corporate Business

BSC/RNC

BSC/RNC

 MPLS-based transport with MPLS-TP option  Cisco ASR9000, ASR1000, ASR 903, ASR 901, ME3600X/ME3800X/ME3600CX  Cisco Carrier Packet Transport , CPT50, -200, -600

 Flexible Ethernet Edge (EVC infrastructure code)

 Ubiquitous Ethernet UNI across different product lines and OSs

 Flexible Options for Subscriber Awareness  Distributed Edge, Centralized Edge, ISG for IPv4/IPv6

 Intelligent transport of video

  PIM Optimizations, MoFRR, TI-MoFRR, integrated video caching, Video Quality Monitoring


L2 MPLS Transport

 Two technologies for L2 transport over MPLS: ‒ Ethernet over MPLS (EoMPLS)

Used for L2 point-to-point link over MPLS cloud No MAC learning involved

‒ Virtual Private LAN Services (VPLS) Used for multipoint L2 connections Collection of pseudowires tied together by a Virtual Forwarding Interface (VFI) MAC addresses learned on VFI Traffic forwarding based on destination MAC addresses H-VPLS, an extension of VPLS

  Ethernet VPN is a new technology for NGN L2VPN Services (not described in this breakout!)

6


MPLS

EoMPLS Overview

7

  MPLS in the aggregation network and core   Targeted LDP session between PEs to exchange VC label   Tunnel label is used to forward packet from PE to P to PE   VC label is used to identify L2VPN circuit   Attachment Circuit (AC) can be port-based or VLAN-based (or Ethernet Flow Point

based, see later)

Pseudowire

Aggregation Node

P Aggregation

Node Access Node

FTTB CPE Access Node

FTTB CPE

LDP LDP

Targeted LDP

Attachment Circuit Attachment Circuit

P

Tunnel label

Ethernet PDU VC label

Ethernet PDU

Ethernet PDU


VPLS (Virtual Private LAN Services)

8

  Attachment Circuit (AC)—Connection to Aggregation using an Ethernet VLAN

  Virtual Circuit (Pseudowire)—EoMPLS tunnel between PEs using a full mesh

  Virtual Forwarding Instance (VFI)—A virtual L2 bridge instance that connects ACs to VCs (PWs); VFI=VLAN=broadcast domain

  RFC4761 (BGP-signalled) and RFC4762 (LDP Signalled)

  Enhanced with BGP based Autodiscovery (RFC6074)

  Scalability issues almost solved via H-VPLS and state-of-the-art NPU technology (2M MAC address/chip)

Aggregation Node

MPLS

Core VFI

VFI

VFI

Attachment Circuit

Ethernet Port or VLAN

Virtual Forwarding Instance

Eompls Virtual Circuit (Pseudowire)

Aggregation Node

Aggregation Node

Access Node Access Node


IETF MPLS-TP

9

  MPLS Transport Profile ‒  T-MPLS requirements feeding into IETF MPLS-TP enhancements:

MPLS-TP differs technologically from T-MPLS. ITU stopped work on T-MPLS. ‒  Effort to address Pt-to-Pt ATM-like transport centric networks (like ATM PVCs) ‒  Focused on connection-oriented (CO-PS) services

  Data plane—based on IETF MPLS, with restricted options ‒  No ECMP, no PHP, no LSP merging

  Control plane—static and/or dynamic ‒  Static provisioning with NMS, with standardized common functions ‒  Dynamic control plane based on GMPLS or IP/MPLS

  Key OAM enhancements ‒  GE-ACH—Generic Associated Channel to support FCAPS functions alongside transport MPLS LSP ‒  GAL—Generic-ACH Label as generic exception mechanism for LSP OAM

Provisioning and Management

CE CE PE2 PE1



Dark Fibre / CWDM / DWDM and ROADM

Carrier Ethernet Aggregation"

BNG

Business PE

Access" Edge"

AggregaKon Node

DSL

Ethernet

Core

VoD

Content Network

TV SIP

EMS NMS Portal

AAA Service and Performance Mgmt DHCP,DNS

OAM Subsystem

Multiservice Core"

Core Network IP / MPLS

DistribuKon Node

STB

Corporate

STB

STB

ResidenKal

Corporate

Corporate

Business

Business

Business

ResidenKal

ResidenKal

2G/3G Node

PON

Architecture variants: IP/MPLS ETHERNET

IP/MPLS

IP/MPLS MPLS-‐TP

MPLS-‐TP

Cisco supports the MPLS-‐TP opKon now (CPT Product Line)

NGN Carrier Ethernet System Evolution

10


NGN Carrier Ethernet Transport Direction

11

Characteristic SONET /

SDH

Optical OTN

(ROADMs)

Electrical OTN

PBB-TE MPLS-TP IP/MPLS

Ethernet

Eline (10GE)

Eline (sub 10GE)

E-Tree

E-LAN

Legacy

F/R

ATM

TDM

IP

L3VPN

L3 Unicast

L3 Multicast

Content

General

Traffic Engineering

50ms restoration

Multiplexing Technology Time Division

Wave Division Time Division Statistical Statistical Statistical

UNI processing Limited None None Typically rich Typically rich Typically rich

Granularity VC-4 Lambda ODU Variable Variable Variable

Technology Maturity

 Cisco focuses on IP/MPLS for the Carrier Ethernet Transport architecture.

 Cisco targets MPLS-TP for the POTS and Access Networks while supporting already Ethernet Bridged Access

 Cisco also addresses MPLS to the access with Unified MPLS


VLAN -‐802.1q -‐QinQ

L3/VRF L2, Bridged

VPLS

L2, Point to Point

EoMPLS

H-‐QOS per VLAN

Flexible VLAN Trans-‐ laKon 1:1 2:2 1:2

Security

ResidenPal

STB

Business

Corporate

ResidenPal

STB

Business

Corporate

ISG Subscriber Session

H-‐QOS per

Session

Flexible Mapping of subscriber VLANs to services (L2, L3, MPLS,

ISG)

VLAN translaPon capabiliPes for single and doubled tagged VLANs

Business VPN L2/L3 Bitstream wholesale

services

ResidenPal Subscriber Sessions with RADIUS based zero-‐touch

provisioning

Flexible Ethernet Services Mapping Enabling Multiservice Aggregation

12


Domain Managers

Provide core information for devices and technologies Automated discovery and configuration management Network visibility

Cisco Prime Integrated Suite for Experience Lifecycle Management

13

Optimized resource management

Design

Intelligent fulfillment Fulfill

Automated diagnostic workflows

Analyze Automated service assurance

Assure

Cisco Public 14 © 2011 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

  “Migration to Ethernet-based Broadband Aggregation”

14


TR-101 Scope and Content Migration from ATM to Ethernet Broadband Aggregation

15

  VLAN architecture   Multicast considerations   Use of a video-optimised Service Router (next to ‘traditional’ TR-59 type

BRAS)   Resilience in the Ethernet Aggregation Network   QoS in the Ethernet Aggregation Network   Ethernet OAM   Support for PPPoA and IPoA (aka interworking between XoA and XoE)

Note: TR-101 introduces the term Broadband Network Gateway (BNG) to differentiate from the legacy ‘BRAS’ term


Cisco’s TR-101 Architecture From Discrete Elements

16

Video BNG

BNG BRAS

Aggregation Node: Carrier Ethernet Switch/

Service Router with Aggregation Function



BNG/BRAS Extremely Important for PPP Services/Migration/Legacy

ATM Support

Business

Residential

STB

IP/MPLS Core L2 Aggregation

with IGMP Snooping


Cisco’s TR-101 Architecture Via Video Optimization

17

Video BNG

IP/MPLS Core

BNG BRAS






ATM Support

Business

Residential

STB

L2 Aggregation

+ L3 IP/PIM-SSM


Cisco’s TR-101 Architecture To Integrated Network Elements

18

BNG BRAS

Carrier Ethernet Service Router (L1, L2, L3) Video BNG (L3 IP/PIM-SSM) + L2 Aggregation

Option to Virtualize L2 Aggregation (IP Control Layer, MPLS Techniques)


ATM Support

Business

Residential

STB


+ L3 IP/PIM-SSM SiSi SiSi


Cisco’s TR-101 Architecture With Distributed Edge

19

Carrier Ethernet Service Router (L1, L2, L3) Video BNG (L3 IP/PIM-SSM) + L2 Aggregation

Option to Virtualize L2 Aggregation (IP Control Layer, MPLS Techniques)

Business

Residential

STB


+ L3 IP/PIM-SSM SiSi SiSi

ISG

Subscriber Control is integrated into the Carrier Ethernet node for PPP and IP (IPv4/IPv6) sessions

Cisco Public 20 © 2011 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 20


Carrier Ethernet Services Metro Ethernet Forum (MEF) Service Visualization

E-‐LINE: Ethernet Private Line (EPL) E-‐LAN: Ethernet Private LAN (EP-‐LAN)

E-‐LINE: Ethernet Virtual Private Line (EVPL) E-‐LAN: Ethernet Virtual Private LAN (EVP-‐LAN)

  Broadcast - Deliver to all UNIs in the EVC but the ingress UNI

  Multicast - Typically delivered to all UNIs in the EVC but the ingress UNI

  Unicast (unlearned and learned) ‒ Typically delivered to all UNIs in the EVC but the ingress UNI if not learned

‒ Otherwise, deliver to the UNI learned for the destination MAC address

‒ Learning is important for Multipoint-to-Multipoint EVCs

  Layer 2 Control (e.g., BPDU) - Discard, peer, or tunnel

From MEF 6.1,10 technical specification

UNI EVC1

CE-‐VLAN CoS 6 Ingress Bandwidth Profile Per CoS ID 6 CE-‐VLAN CoS 4

CE-‐VLAN CoS 2

Ingress Bandwidth Profile Per CoS ID 4 Ingress Bandwidth Profile Per CoS ID 2

EVC2

Port/VLAN/CoS-based


  Architecture Details

23


Super Head End (SHE) (NGVI)

DCM

Encoder Encoder

DCM

L2/L3 Ethernet

or TDM

Transport Wireline

& Cable

Access and Aggregation

L2/L3 Ethernet

or TDM

Transport Wireline

& Cable

Access and Aggregation

B2B

B2DC DC2DC RA2B

B2I R2I

VPLS-VPWS

mVPN-V4/v6 IP-V4/v6

VPN-V4/v6

RR NMS

Business Edge PoP

Business Office

Business Branch

Internet

Business Edge PoP

SME / HO / Residence

Business Office

Business Branch

SME / HO / Residence

Video Hub Office (VHO) / Regional Head End (RHE) (NGVI)

Encoder

DCM/VQE

NGN System Scope

Data Center

Any to Any L2/L3 Business and Residential services Based on end to end IPNGN Architecture

Data Center


Architecture Components & Overview

25

Access!

Ethernet Node

Ethernet Node

DSL Node

PON Node

Access! Carrier Ethernet Aggregation!

AggregaPon Node

DistribuPon Node

DistribuPon Node

AggregaPon Node


Content Network

TV SIP

Content Network

TV SIP

IP Edge! Multiservice Core!

MPLS/IPoDWDM OpPcal Network

Core Node

Core Node

Business

Corporate

Business

Corporate

2G/3G RBS

ResidenPal

STB

ResidenPal

STB

ResidenPal

STB

Business

Corporate

AggregaPon Node

AggregaPon Node

MPLS/IP/Ethernet

BSC/RNC

BSC/RNC Cell Site Gateway

MPLS/IP Transport

Transport Deployment: VPWS, VPLS

Service Aware Deployment: VPWS, VPLS, MPLS VPN/IP

HSI Service Edge Node

OpPonal Video Service Edge Node

OpPonal Business Service Edge Node

NMS Service Management SEF EMS ACS Performance Management AAA, DHCP, DNS,

OAM Subsystem

Carrier Ethernet AggregaPon Core and Edge

CPE DSL:

•  Residential: Linksys WAG-310G •  Business: ISR x900 Ethernet:

•  Residential: Genexis •  Business: ISR x900, ME3400E, ME3600X PON:

•  Residential, Business: Wave 7 ONTs

Access ADSL2+ :

•  Alcatel-Lucent ISAM 7302 Ethernet FTTX:

•  ME3400E, ME3600X, Catalyst 4500/4900 series PON:

•  Wave7 Trident G-PON OLT Mobile RAN :

•  ASR 901

Aggregation / Distribution

Cisco ASR9k

•  RSP 440

•  Typhoon LCs: 24 x 10GE, MOD80, MOD160, 2 x 100 GE

•  “Legacy” LCs: 40xGE, 4x10GE, 8x10GE

•  ASR 9001

•  Clustering and Satellite

•  Distributed BNG Services

Cisco CPT200, -600

Cisco ME3800X, Cisco ASR 903

Multiservice Edge Business SEN:

•  ASR9k: 4x10GE, 40xGE, 24x10GE, MOD80, MOD160

HSI-SEN :

•  ASR1k: RP2, ESP-20, ESP-40

Video SEN:

•  Cisco 7609S: RSP-720, ES+

• ONS15454 MSTP with WSON

• Xponders for direct Ethernet connectivity

OpPcal IntegraPon

Multiservice Core

• Cisco CRS-1/3

• Cisco Prime 3.8, Activation,Monitoring and Fault Management systems.

• Cisco Access Registrar, Cisco Network Registrar • CNS-Config Engine r3.0, BAC 3.5 • 3rd Party platforms from BroadHop, InfoVista VIN-ANA.

Network & Service Management, OAM


IP NGN Services All Validated in Release 1.8

26

Market Services Access SLA Type SLA Example Residential Internet Access Ethernet, DSL,

PON Transport Dynamic access bandwidth, session/idle timeout, advertisements, post paid/prepaid (time and volume)

VoIP Telephony Ethernet, DSL, PON Application The number of VoIP appliances, SIP URLs/PST Phone numbers, active calls, VoIP call

quality VoD Ethernet, DSL,

PON Application The number of STBs, stream quality, content flavours, charging models TV Ethernet, DSL,

PON Application The number of STBs, type of TV packages, SD vs HD content and delivery quality Business L3 VPN Ethernet, DSL,

PON Transport Access bandwidth, differentiated services support, L3 VPN topology, managed services (unicast and multicast)

E-Line Ethernet, DSL, PON Transport Access bandwidth, differentiated services support, transparency

E-LAN Ethernet, DSL, PON Transport Access bandwidth, differentiated services support, multipoint transport, transparency

Transport Mobile RAN 2G, 3G R99, 3G R5, R8 Transport Guaranteed bandwidth, delay and jitter synchronization (frequency and phase)

accuracy inline with Mobile Radio technology

HSI Wholesale Ethernet,

DSL, PON Transport Aggregated bandwidth on ISP level, differentiated services support, with subscriber management at ISP, with L2TP or MPLS VPN transport

Triple Play Wholesale Ethernet,

DSL, PON Transport Aggregated bandwidth on ISP level, differentiated services support, transparent P2P Ethernet transport for unicast services, P2MP Ethernet transport for IPTV

Contribution Video Ethernet, Video HD-SDI Transport Guaranteed bandwidth, delay, jitter , and close to zero or zero loss

Video Service Edge •  Implemented on Aggregation Node •  Layer-3 MPLS/IP unicast VoD and multicast IPTV

transport for video service distribution

HSI/VoIP Services Edge •  Implemented on Centralized BNG •  IPoE and PPPoE service transport over 802.1Q and QinQ

interfaces enabled by per subscriber ISG sessions 27

Hybrid (Centralized) Service Edge

DSL Access Node

Access!

PON Access Node

Ethernet Access Node


Carrier Ethernet Aggregation!

DistribuPon Node

DistribuPon Node

AggregaPon Node

AggregaPon Node

AggregaPon Node


VoD

Content Network

TV SIP

Multiservice Core!

Business

Corporate

ResidenPal

STB

ResidenPal

STB

Business

Corporate

Business

Corporate ResidenPal

STB

Business

Corporate


BNG


BNG

Core

Core

Internet Peering

Core

BSC/RNC

BSC/RNC

HSI/VoIP Service Edge

IP Edge!

Video Service Edge

ASR1000 series:

Up to 64k sessions H-QoS FW, DPI,CGN

  MPLS/IP Packet Aggregation for 3play Service Delivery

28

Video Service Edge

  Implemented on Centralized Video-BNG

  Layer-2 VPLS transport of unicast VoD and multicast IPTV for video service distribution

Centralized Service Edge (with L2 Aggr.)

DSL Access Node

Access!

PON Access Node



DistribuPon Node

DistribuPon Node

AggregaPon Node

AggregaPon Node

AggregaPon Node


VoD

Content Network

TV SIP

Multiservice Core!


HSI-‐BNG


Video-‐BNG

Core

Core

Internet Peering

Core

BSC/RNC

BSC/RNC

VFI!

Video Service Edge

HSI/VoIP Service Edge

IP Edge!

Business

Corporate

ResidenPal

STB

ResidenPal

STB

Business

Corporate

Business


STB

Business

Corporate

VFI!VFI!

VFI!

HSI/VoIP Services Edge   Implemented on Centralized HSI-BNG   IPoE and PPPoE service transport over

802.1Q and QinQ interfaces enabled by per subscriber ISG sessions

Distributed Service Edge

3Play Service Edge   Implemented on Integrated Edge Node   Unicast services (HSI/VoIP/VoD) enabled by IPoE or PPPoE per subscriber ISG sessions   Multicast services (IPTV) coexist with ISG sessions   Aggregation network implements MPLS/IP for unicast and IP multicast for service transport

  MPLS/IP Packet Aggregation for 3play Service Delivery

29

DSL Access Node

Access!

PON Access Node



DistribuPon Node

DistribuPon Node

Integrated Edge Node




VoD

Content Network

TV SIP

Optional L3VPN Edge!

Multiservice Core!



Core

Core

Internet Peering

Core

BSC/RNC

BSC/RNC

Video/HSI/VoIP Integrated Service Edge

Business

Corporate

ResidenPal

STB

ResidenPal

STB

Business

Corporate

Business


STB

Business

Corporate


C7600

Based on ES+ Up to 48K sessions Limited IPv6 roadmap

ASR9000: Up to 128K+ Sessions Full IPv6 feature set Very good scalability in combined BNG +MSE+CE apps. IOS-XR


Architecture Comparisons Which one to choose?

30

The architectures options can be evaluated against the following criteria •  Capital Expenditures •  Scalability (Bandwidth / Subscriber, Transport, Policy Control)

•  Operational Complexity (Troubleshooting, QoS) •  Reuse of existing Operations procedures

•  Availability •  Traffic Patterns •  Economically serving areas of differing subscriber density

•  Service Flexibility •  Operational Flexibility

31

Residential Services HSI, VoIP VLAN(s)

EoMPLS Pseudowire EoMPLS PW

VoD+IPTV , VoIP VLAN

802.1Q QinQ

N:1 VLAN

Non/Trunk UNI, N:1 or 1:1 VLAN

MPLS/IP, IP MulPcast, IP LFA, MoFRR

MPLS/IP MPLS/MulPcast VPN

ISG Sessions

Enables PPPoE to IPoE migration, usage based services with service and session control, DPI and SBC

May include service supporting functions; Content Cache, FCC, RET, VoD CAC

Retail 3Play Hybrid Edge Deployment

HSI, VoIP VLAN(s) EoMPLS Pseudowire EoMPLS PW

VoD+IPTV VLAN

802.1Q QinQ

N:1 VLAN

Trunk UNI, N:1 or 1:1 VLAN

MPLS/IP MPLS/MulPcast VPN

ISG Sessions Retail or Wholesale 3Play Centralized Edge deployment

802.1Q QinQ

IP, PIM

HSI SEN

Video SEN

HSI SEN

Mul$service Core Network

AggregaPon Node ASR9k, 7600, ME3800X Video SEN, 7600

PPP, IP, MPLS MPLS 802.1ad NNI, MPLS/IP Transport DSL, PON, Ethernet

Access Node

HSI SEN, ASR1k

DistribuPon Node ASR9k, 7600

Large Scale AggregaPon Network

Intelligent Services Edge

Efficient Access Network

Ethernet UN

I

Ethernet/MPLS NNI

Core Node CRS-‐1/3

Service Aware or Transport VPWS, VPLS, MPLS/IP

H-‐VPLS, IGMP Snooping, CAC

Gateway for VOD/IPTV

EoMPLS PW

EoMPLS PW

VFI

VFI

EoMPLS PW

Active/Backup PW

EoMPLS PW

EoMPLS PW

EoMPLS PW

VRRP HSI SEN PPPoE/IPoE Session load-‐sharing

SVI/BVI

SVI/BVI

AcKve/Standby Link redundancy Flexlink or LACP

I C C P

MPLS/IP Aggregation Network

Access Aggregation Distribution HSI SEN

4500 Access

§ Dual-homed with LACP

§ DHCP snooping, Opt-82

§ IPSG, DAI

§ IGMP snooping

ASR 9000 Aggregation

§ mLACP access redundancy

§ IRB/BVI for Video Edge

§ ICCP IGMP sync

§ L2 IGMP CAC

ASR 1000 Internet-BNG

§ ISG IPoE sessions

§ ISG PPPoE sessions

§ Split-subnet redundancy

mLACP

4500 Access

§ Dual-homed with LACP

§ DHCP snooping, Opt-82

§ IPSG, DAI

§ IGMP snooping

ASR 9000 Aggregation

§ mLACP access redundancy

§ Sub-interface coupled-mode for Video Edge

ASR 1000 Internet-BNG

§ ISG IPoE sessions

§ ISG PPPoE sessions

§ Split-subnet redundancy

Active GW for VOD/IPTV

LACP Active/Standby

VFI

mLACP

Standby GW for VOD/IPTV

I C C P

HSI SEN PPPoE/IPoE Session load-‐sharing

Sub I/F

Sub I/F

VFI

VFI

VFI

EoMPLS PW

EoMPLS PW

MPLS/IP Aggregation Network

Access Aggregation Distribution HSI SEN

Business Services Architecture

34

E-LINE

E-LAN H-‐VPLS or VPLS

EoMPLS

Port, 1q, QinQ

Port, 1Q, QinQ or .1ad

Port, 1Q, QInQ or .1ad

L3 VPN

Ethernet

QinQ

Port, 1Q, QInQ

MPLS VPN

VPLS

MPLS VPN/MulPcast VPN (GRE)

H-‐VPLS or VPLS

MPLS VPN

Centralized Edge Deployment

L3 VPN

L2, L3 VPNs SONET/SDH Access

SONET/SDH Access

STM4 OC12

Ethernet MPLS VPN

VPWS (FR, IP) MSE

E-‐MSE

Mul$service Core Network

AggregaPon Node ASR9k, 7600, ME3800X Video SEN, 7600

PPP, IP, MPLS MPLS 802.1ad NNI, MPLS/IP Transport DSL, PON, Ethernet

Access Node

HSI SEN, ASR1k

DistribuPon Node ASR9k, 7600

Large Scale AggregaPon Network

Intelligent Services Edge

Efficient Access Network

Ethernet UN

I

Ethernet/MPLS NNI

Core Node CRS-‐1/3

Service Aware or Transport VPWS, VPLS, MPLS/IP

Ch E1/T1 E3/T3,

MLPPP/FR

Distributed Edge Deployment



Network Availability Mechanisms Baseline

36

  Access Mechanisms

‒  Multiple Spanning Tree (MST) or MST Access Gateway

‒  Resilient Ethernet Protocol (REP)

‒  Multi-Chassis LACP

  MPLS Services: ‒  VPLS mac-address withdrawal; MST/REP

and VPLS interworking ‒  Pseudowire redundancy including

pseudowire status bit support

Large Scale AggregaPon

Intelligent Edge

DistribuPon Node

BNG

MPLS PP, IP, MPLS MPLS-‐TP/MPLS/IP

AggregaPon Node

BNG

Access Node

Efficient Access

DSL, Ethernet

MulPservice Core

  IP Services and MPLS IGP:

‒  IP Fast Convergence

‒  LFA / IP FRR

‒  Multicast Fast Convergence, MoFRR


  Layer 2 Mechanisms

37


Ethernet Access Topologies Ring and Hub and Spoke

38

  Ethernet Access Rings Multiple Spanning Tree

  Convergence Dependant on Type of failure (e.g. root vs. link)

  Often non-deterministic

  Hub and Spoke FlexLink or Link Aggregation

  Fast Convergence independent of VLANs/MAC-addresses

IP/MPLS IP/MPLS


VFI

VFI

VFI

VFI

I’m the second-best root

I’m just in a normal STP ring

I’m the root

MST Access Gateway Operation and Benefits

39

  Operation ‒  Top PE sends “pre-configured” BPDUs (best root) into L2 access network ‒  Access network runs normal MSTP, MSTP is terminated locally on the PE access ports ‒  MSTP TCNs trigger VPLS MAC Flush + Withdraw

‒  MST instances have per port local significance – greatly improves scalability ‒  Only subset of functionality needed for REP Access Gateway

  Benefits ‒  Seamless integration with any L2 access network or node running MSTP, full standard compliance

‒  Inherent scalability and faster L2 convergence due to local Rapid STP behaviour


  A new protocol designed to provide a solution for fast and predicable Layer 2 convergence for Carrier Ethernet networks

  Fast and predictable convergence ‒ Convergence time: 50 to 250ms ‒ Fast failure notification even in large rings

  Limit the scope of Spanning Tree ‒ STP is deactivated on REP interfaces ‒ STP TCN sent away from the segment if segment fails

  Allows VLAN load balancing for optimal bandwidth utilization   Cisco proprietary (future alignment and interworking with ITU-T G.8032)

40

What Is Resilient Ethernet Protocol (REP) ?


REP A Segment Protocol

41

  REP guarantees there is no connectivity between two edge ports on a segment

  A REP segment is a chain of ports connected to each other and configured with a segment ID

  When all interfaces in the segment are UP, the alternate port is blocking   When a link or switch failure occurs on the segment, then blocked port

goes forwarding

REP Segment

Blocked Open Alternate Port Link

Failure Edge Port Edge Port


  Enhancement to REP introduced in latest Ethernet Access Node releases   Allows interconnection of REP segments with STP/VPLS domains or boxes

with no REP support(EVC)

42

REP Edge No Neighbour

REP Segment

Blocked Open Alternate Port

Link Failure

Edge Port Edge Port

Non REP Domain STP TCN

Multi-Chassis Link Aggregation   Inter Chassis Control Protocol

43

  MC-LAG & ICCP enable a switch/router to use standard Ethernet Link Aggregation for device dual-homing, with active/standby redundancy

  Dual-homed Device (DHD) operates as if it is connected to single virtual device and runs IEEE std. 802.1AX-2008 (LACP)

  Point of Attachment (PoA) nodes run Inter-chassis Communication Protocol (ICCP) to synchronize state & form a Redundancy Group (RG

Inter-‐chassis CommunicaKon Protocol (ICCP)

Redundancy Group (RG)

DHD

Standby PoA

AcPve PoA

MC-‐LAG

LACP


Network-based HA Example 1/3 Two-Way P2P PW Redundancy with MC-LAG

44

  Both sides must run MC-LAG   Bundle member port state decide PW redundancy state   Active POA send active PW status to remote Router. Standby POA send

standby PW status. PW become active ONLY if local and remote Routers are both active. The rest of 3 PWs are in standby mode

S S

A A

LACP LACP ICCP ICCP

Standby POA-2

Active POA-3 Active POA-1

Standby POA-4

Active PW

Standby PW


Network-based HA Example 2/3 H-VPLS Spoke (P2P PW) – coupled & “one-way

45

  The remote VFI Routers don’t have to run MC-LAG. If it run MC-LAG, it need to be in “decouple mode”

  Bundle/POA status decide the PW status. On active POA, it will send active PW status on its primary PW and standby status on its backup PW. On the standby POA, it will send standby PW status on both of its primary and backup PW

  The spoke PW is P2P PW

S

A

LACP ICCP

Standby POA

Active POA

Active PW

Standby PW

MPLS

VFI

VFI


Network-based HA Example 3/3 L3 Service – IRB/BVI(asr9k) or SVI(7600) decoupled mode

46

  Configure L2 sub-interface 2 PW between two POA. Both L2 sub-interface and L2 PW are in the same bridge-domain. Configure IRB/BVI for the bridge-domain for the L3 service

  L3 features like HSRP, VRRP, routing, etc are configured under BVI interface

  BVI interfaces are up on both POA regardless of the bundle status

  Bundle failover only impact the bundle itself. BVI and related L3 topology is not aware fast L3 convergence

  Asr9k - IRB/BVI feature supported from 4.0.1 release

  On the bundle, and then configure LDHD configuration option 1: DHD can have default IP gateway pointing to HSRP/VRRP virtual IP address. POA need to configure HSRP/VRRP under BVI interface

  Option 2: DHD can also run IGP with both POA. Routing session will be up with both POAs

  Bundle/POA failover won’t cause the L3 topology change

LACP ICCP

Standby POA

Active POA

MPLS/IP

BD

BD

BVI

BVI


  Layer 3 Mechanisms

47

  “Simplicity is prerequisite for reliability” Edsger Dijkstra

  "Simplicity is the ultimate sophistication" Leonardo da Vinci

  Kiss: Keep It Simple Straighforward

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IP FRR: The Principle of Simplicity

Gains

IP Fast ReRoute   Theory & Terminology

49

  Path: Outgoing interface and next hop   Backup: an outgoing interface/nhop which is used to replace another one that went

down. It can be: ‒  another primary ECMP nhop ‒  a secondary LFA routing path

  LFA: Loop-Free Alternate ‒  N is an LFA for S’s primary path to D via F if ND < NS + SD ‒  Node-protecting LFA if: ND < NF + FD ‒  Downstream LFA if: ND < SD

  Computation of LFA occurs after calculating the primary path, therefore IGP FC performance is not affected

  Integrated with LDP   Because LFA is precomputed and installed in the FIB, it provides deterministic

protection(<50ms)

IP Fast ReRoute   Per-Prefix LFA Algorithm

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  For IGP route D1, S’s primary path is link SF.   S checks for each neighbor N (<>F) whether ND1 < NS + SD1 (Eq1) ‒  “does the path from the neighbor to D1 avoid me?” ‒  If so, it is a loop-free alternate (LFA) to my primary path to D1 ‒  C is an LFA for D1, E is an LFA for D2

S F

C

E

D1

D2


Introducing Multicast Only Fast ReRoute MoFRR

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  PIM Pre-Signalling of two independent joins ‒  router is connected to the source via

two disjoint branches (requires two plane design)

  Upon failure detection, switch-over from primary to backup branch ‒  IGP detection: order of x00msec ‒  local detection or passive heartbeat:

50msec ‒  RTP sequence monitoring: zeroloss

IPTV source

Pop1

Pop2 PopN


  Scale - Interconnect 100k Access nodes through an MPLS domain   Resilience - < 50msec convergence as often as possible   Simplicity - Operation of big MPLS networks is often considered difficult

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Problem Statement

1k Nodes / Core

10k Nodes / AggregaPon

100k Nodes / Access

Reference Model

IGP2 IGP1 IGP3

DSLAM1

PE11

PE12

ABR11

ABR12

ABR21

ABR22

PE21

PE22

DSLAM2

Core and Edge DistribuPon / AggregaPon

DistribuPon / AggregaPon


Unified MPLS Solution

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  Layer of hierarchy to scale ‒  RFC 3107-based hierarchical LSPs over IGP ‒  IGP/LDP inter-area summarization

  ABRs are BGP speakers (next-hop-self)   ABRs are Route Reflectors.   Further RR hierarchy can be used to avoid full mesh iBGP connectivity

among ABRs   BGP’s applicability to scale PE’s reachability with was made possible by

two key innovations: ‒ BGP Prefix Independent Convergence (BGP-PIC): ‒ BGP additional-path


Unified MPLS BGP Routing and Features

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  BGP Add-Path ‒  PE11 learns two paths to PE21: via ABR11 and ABR12

  BGP 3107 RR with next-hop-self ‒  ABR21 reflecting the path to D2 ‒  ABR11 reflecting the path to D2

iBGP3107 PE21 and D2 via ABR21


L1 L2 L1

D1

PE11

PE12

ABR11

ABR12

ABR21

ABR22

PE21

PE22

D2


Unified MPLS Label Stacks and Label Allocation

56

  Each IGP area has routes for that area only plus routes to core ABRs ( ~1k prefixes)   LDP labels are used to traverse each area and reach core ABRs   BGP labels are used by PEs and ABRs to reach PEs in remote areas   Service (e.g. PW) labels are used by PEs

IGP/LDP Label

BGP3107 Label

Service Label



L1 L2 L1

D1

PE11

PE12

ABR11

ABR12

ABR21

ABR22

PE21

PE22

D2

NH: ABR21

Label: L1

NH: ABR11

Label: L2

L2 L2 L1 L1

  BGP Fast Reroute (BGP FRR)—enables BGP to use alternate paths within sub-seconds after a failure of the primary or active paths

  PIC or FRR dependent routing protocols (e.g. BGP) install backup paths

  Without backup paths

Convergence is driven from the routing protocols updating the RIB and FIB one prefix at a time - Convergence times directly proportional to the number of affected prefixes

  With backup paths

Paths in RIB/FIB available for immediate use

Predictable and constant convergence time independent of number of prefixes


UMMT High Availability Overview

AggregaKon Node

AggregaKon Node

AggregaKon Node

AggregaKon Node

AggregaKon Node

AggregaKon Node

RAN IGP Process OSPF/ ISIS

Core

Core

Core

Core

LDP LSP ! LDP LSP ! LDP LSP ! LDP LSP ! LDP LSP !

iBGP Hierarchical LSP!

AggregaKon Domain (OSPFx/ISIS1)

RAN Access

Core Domain OSPF0/ISIS2

iBGP

AggregaPon BGP Community

iBGP

AggregaPon BGP Community

iBGP

iBGP IPv4+Label

RR

AggregaKon Domain (OSPFx/ISIS1)

RAN IGP Process OSPF/ ISIS

RAN Access Core

Redistribute MPC iBGP community

into RAN Access IGP

Redistribute CSN Loopbacks into 3107 iBGP

MPC PE

LFA L3 convergence < 50ms

BGP PIC Core L3 convergence < 100ms BGP PIC Edge L3 convergence < 100ms

Cisco Next Generation Carrier Ethernet System Technológie ...

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